Question 1

Which of the following processes is under voluntary control?

Accepted Answer

A) filtration 
B) reabsorption 
C) urination 
D) secretion 
E) excretion 
A) filtration 
B) reabsorption 
C) urination 
D) secretion 
E) excretion C

Question 2

Extracellular fluid includes

Accepted Answer

A) interstitial fluid. 
B) blood. 
C) lymph. 
D) blood and lymph, only. 
E) interstitial fluid, plasma, and lymph 
A) interstitial fluid. 
B) blood. 
C) lymph. 
D) blood and lymph, only. 
E) interstitial fluid, plasma, and lymph E

Question 3

The process during which potassium and hydrogen ions, penicillin, and some toxic substances are put into the urine by active transport is

Accepted Answer

A) tubular secretion. 
B) reabsorption. 
C) filtration. 
D) countercurrent multiplication. 
E) diffusion. 
A) tubular secretion. 
B) reabsorption. 
C) filtration. 
D) countercurrent multiplication. 
E) diffusion. A

Question 4

The entire blood volume of a human adult is filtered more than __________ times a day by the kidneys.

Accepted Answer

A) 5 
B) 10 
C) 20 
D) 30 
E) 40 
A) 5 
B) 10 
C) 20 
D) 30 
E) 40

Question 5

__________ is the fluid removed from the blood but not yet processed by the nephron tubules.

Accepted Answer

A) Urine 
B) Water 
C) Urethral fluid 
D) Filtrate 
E) Renal plasma 
A) Urine 
B) Water 
C) Urethral fluid 
D) Filtrate 
E) Renal plasma

Question 6

Blood goes to the __________ after it leaves the glomerular capillaries.

Accepted Answer

A) renal vein 
B) renal artery 
C) peritubular capillaries 
D) vena cava 
E) heart 
A) renal vein 
B) renal artery 
C) peritubular capillaries 
D) vena cava 
E) heart

Question 7

A by-product of aerobic respiration that is of vital importance to the kangaroo rat is

Accepted Answer

A) glucose. 
B) metabolic water. 
C) phosphate. 
D) NADH. 
E) ADP. 
A) glucose. 
B) metabolic water. 
C) phosphate. 
D) NADH. 
E) ADP.

Question 8

Use the figure above to answer questions 
  
-The renal cortex is indicated by

Accepted Answer

A) A. 
B) B. 
C) C. 
D) D. 
E) E. 
A) A. 
B) B. 
C) C. 
D) D. 
E) E.

Question 9

Which of the following is false about human kidneys?

Accepted Answer

A) Each has more than one million nephrons. 
B) They filter about 180 liters of fluid from the blood every day. 
C) An individual can live a normal life even if one kidney is nonfunctional or surgically removed. 
D) Two sets of blood capillaries are associated with each nephron. 
E) None of these are false. 
A) Each has more than one million nephrons. 
B) They filter about 180 liters of fluid from the blood every day. 
C) An individual can live a normal life even if one kidney is nonfunctional or surgically removed. 
D) Two sets of blood capillaries are associated with each nephron. 
E) None of these are false.

Question 10

Filtrate that is removed from the blood is collected by the

Accepted Answer

A) loop of Henle. 
B) glomerulus. 
C) distal tubule. 
D) proximal tubule. 
E) Bowman's capsule. 
A) loop of Henle. 
B) glomerulus. 
C) distal tubule. 
D) proximal tubule. 
E) Bowman's capsule.

Question 11

All EXCEPT which of the following are significant routes for water loss from the body?

Accepted Answer

A) excretion in urine 
B) sneezing 
C) sweating 
D) elimination in feces 
E) evaporation from respiratory surfaces 
A) excretion in urine 
B) sneezing 
C) sweating 
D) elimination in feces 
E) evaporation from respiratory surfaces

Question 12

Use the figure above to answer questions 
  
-The source of blood for the glomerular capillaries is indicated by

Accepted Answer

A) A. 
B) B. 
C) C. 
D) D. 
E) E. 
A) A. 
B) B. 
C) C. 
D) D. 
E) E.

Question 13

The first region where water and sodium are reabsorbed is the

Accepted Answer

A) glomerulus. 
B) proximal tubule. 
C) distal tubule. 
D) loop of Henle. 
E) collecting duct. 
A) glomerulus. 
B) proximal tubule. 
C) distal tubule. 
D) loop of Henle. 
E) collecting duct.

Question 14

Women wishing to get pregnant can monitor the amount of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) LH 
B) PSA 
C) MDH 
D) ESP 
E) none of these 
A) LH 
B) PSA 
C) MDH 
D) ESP 
E) none of these

Question 15

During reabsorption, sodium ions cross the proximal tubule walls into the interstitial fluid principally by means of

Accepted Answer

A) bulk flow. 
B) active transport. 
C) countercurrent multiplication. 
D) phagocytosis. 
E) none of these. 
A) bulk flow. 
B) active transport. 
C) countercurrent multiplication. 
D) phagocytosis. 
E) none of these.

Question 16

Collecting ducts in the kidney lead immediately into the

Accepted Answer

A) renal cortex. 
B) renal medulla. 
C) renal pelvis. 
D) ureter. 
E) urethra. 
A) renal cortex. 
B) renal medulla. 
C) renal pelvis. 
D) ureter. 
E) urethra.

Question 17

The tube leading from each kidney to the urinary bladder is the

Accepted Answer

A) glomerulus. 
B) ureter. 
C) urethra. 
D) bladder. 
E) rectum. 
A) glomerulus. 
B) ureter. 
C) urethra. 
D) bladder. 
E) rectum.

Question 18

Which of the following substances is NOT normally filtered from the blood?

Accepted Answer

A) water 
B) plasma proteins 
C) urea 
D) glucose 
E) sodium 
A) water 
B) plasma proteins 
C) urea 
D) glucose 
E) sodium

Question 19

At what point in the figure above is the urine most concentrated?

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
E) none of these 
A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
E) none of these

Question 20

The process of filtration in the glomerulus is driven by

Accepted Answer

A) active transport. 
B) hydrostatic pressure. 
C) osmosis. 
D) dialysis. 
E) sodium-potassium pumps. 
A) active transport. 
B) hydrostatic pressure. 
C) osmosis. 
D) dialysis. 
E) sodium-potassium pumps.

Exam 41: Maintaining the Internal Environment

Which of the following processes is under voluntary control?

Extracellular fluid includes

The process during which potassium and hydrogen ions, penicillin, and some toxic substances are put into the urine by active transport is

The entire blood volume of a human adult is filtered more than __________ times a day by the kidneys.

__________ is the fluid removed from the blood but not yet processed by the nephron tubules.

Blood goes to the __________ after it leaves the glomerular capillaries.

A by-product of aerobic respiration that is of vital importance to the kangaroo rat is

Use the figure above to answer questions -The renal cortex is indicated by

Which of the following is false about human kidneys?

Filtrate that is removed from the blood is collected by the

All EXCEPT which of the following are significant routes for water loss from the body?

Use the figure above to answer questions -The source of blood for the glomerular capillaries is indicated by

The first region where water and sodium are reabsorbed is the

Women wishing to get pregnant can monitor the amount of which of the following?

During reabsorption, sodium ions cross the proximal tubule walls into the interstitial fluid principally by means of

Collecting ducts in the kidney lead immediately into the

The tube leading from each kidney to the urinary bladder is the

Which of the following substances is NOT normally filtered from the blood?

At what point in the figure above is the urine most concentrated?

The process of filtration in the glomerulus is driven by

Invitation to Biology

Lifes Chemical Basis

Molecules of Life

Cell Structure and Function

A Closer Look at Cell Membranes

Ground Rules of Metabolism

Where It Startsphotosynthesis

Energy-Releasing Pathways

How Cells Reproduce

Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction

Observing Patterns in Inherited Traits

Chromosomes and Human Inheritance

Dna Structure and Function

From Dna to Protein

Controls Over Genes

Recombinant Dna and Genetic Engineering

The Macroevolutionary Puzzle

Emergence of Evolutionary Thought

Organizing Information About Species

The Origin and Evolution of Life

Viruses and Prokaryotes

Protists the Simplest Eukaryotes

Plants

Fungi

Animals: the Invertebrates

Animal Evolution the Chordates

Human Evolution: a Case Study

Plant Tissues

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Plant Reproduction

Plant Growth and Development

Animal Tissues and Organ Systems

Neural Control

Sensory Perception

Endocrine Control

Protection, Support, and Movement

Circulation

Immunity

Respiration

Digestion and Human Nutrition

Animal Reproductive Systems

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Population Ecology

Community Structure and Biodiversity

Ecosystems

The Biosphere

Human Impacts on the Biosphere

Filters