Question 1

Similar body parts are not always homologous.They may have evolved independently in separate lineages as adaptations to the same

Accepted Answer

A) reproductive isolation of these groups. 
B) environmental pressures. 
C) reduced genetic variability in these groups. 
D) identical genes in all three groups. 
E) factor as all of these. 
A) reproductive isolation of these groups. 
B) environmental pressures. 
C) reduced genetic variability in these groups. 
D) identical genes in all three groups. 
E) factor as all of these. B

Question 2

All of the following statements about master genes are true EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A) They orchestrate layers of development. 
B) They are highly conserved over evolutionary time. 
C) Mutations within these are frequently devastating. 
D) They are frequently used as targets of gene therapy. 
E) Mutations usually result in changes in body plan. 
A) They orchestrate layers of development. 
B) They are highly conserved over evolutionary time. 
C) Mutations within these are frequently devastating. 
D) They are frequently used as targets of gene therapy. 
E) Mutations usually result in changes in body plan. D

Question 3

Which of the following pairs indicates the closest macroevolutionary link among the animals according to the evolutionary history tree in the text?

Accepted Answer

A) turtles; crocodiles 
B) lizards; amphibians 
C) mammals; birds 
D) bony fishes; lung fish 
E) crocodiles; birds 
A) turtles; crocodiles 
B) lizards; amphibians 
C) mammals; birds 
D) bony fishes; lung fish 
E) crocodiles; birds E

Question 4

The five-toed limb of stem reptiles became modified into a limb __________ in vertebrates that followed.

Accepted Answer

A) suitable for high-speed running 
B) suitable for digging 
C) suitable for swimming 
D) with four fingers and an opposable thumb 
E) with all of these 
A) suitable for high-speed running 
B) suitable for digging 
C) suitable for swimming 
D) with four fingers and an opposable thumb 
E) with all of these

Question 5

__________ is the study of body plans and structures among groups of organisms.

Accepted Answer

A) Embryology 
B) Molecular archeology 
C) Evolution 
D) Comparative morphology 
E) Composition 
A) Embryology 
B) Molecular archeology 
C) Evolution 
D) Comparative morphology 
E) Composition

Question 6

Which of the following are considered more primitive based upon the structure of their limbs?

Accepted Answer

A) bats 
B) reptiles 
C) porpoises 
D) penguins 
E) birds 
A) bats 
B) reptiles 
C) porpoises 
D) penguins 
E) birds

Question 7

Which of the following statements are true statements regarding the use of DNA in evolutionary comparisons?

Accepted Answer

A) Lineages have a mixture of ancestral and novel characters. 
B) Mutations inevitably change those sequences being studied over time. 
C) 30% of yeast genes have counterparts in the human genome. 
D) Most mutations are neutral. 
E) All of these are true. 
A) Lineages have a mixture of ancestral and novel characters. 
B) Mutations inevitably change those sequences being studied over time. 
C) 30% of yeast genes have counterparts in the human genome. 
D) Most mutations are neutral. 
E) All of these are true.

Question 8

Which of the following pairs indicates the closest macroevolutionary link among the bacteria according to the evolutionary history tree in the text?

Accepted Answer

A) green sulfur; spirochetes 
B) chlamydias; cyanobacteria 
C) green sulfur; green nonsulfur 
D) spirochetes; proteobacteria 
E) proteobacteria; cyanobacteria 
A) green sulfur; spirochetes 
B) chlamydias; cyanobacteria 
C) green sulfur; green nonsulfur 
D) spirochetes; proteobacteria 
E) proteobacteria; cyanobacteria

Question 9

Some genes encoding proteins that are essential to the survival of the organism are called highly conserved sequences.Which of the following is an example of one of these proteins?

Accepted Answer

A) cytochrome b 
B) muscle structural proteins 
C) carbohydrate hydrolyzing genes 
D) skin pigmentation 
E) keratin 
A) cytochrome b 
B) muscle structural proteins 
C) carbohydrate hydrolyzing genes 
D) skin pigmentation 
E) keratin

Question 10

The bones in the forelimbs of a mammal

Accepted Answer

A) can often be traced to a common ancestor. 
B) offer no evidence to support the theory of evolution. 
C) perform the same function no matter which species they are in. 
D) may exhibit either analogy or homology but not both when compared to the forelimb of another animal. 
E) show convergence with some invertebrate structures. 
A) can often be traced to a common ancestor. 
B) offer no evidence to support the theory of evolution. 
C) perform the same function no matter which species they are in. 
D) may exhibit either analogy or homology but not both when compared to the forelimb of another animal. 
E) show convergence with some invertebrate structures.

Question 11

Which of the following pairs indicates the closest macroevolutionary link among the plants according to the evolutionary history tree in the text?

Accepted Answer

A) lycophytes; ferns 
B) whisk ferns; horsetails 
C) lycophytes; mosses 
D) hornworts; horsetails 
E) ferns; ginkgos 
A) lycophytes; ferns 
B) whisk ferns; horsetails 
C) lycophytes; mosses 
D) hornworts; horsetails 
E) ferns; ginkgos

Question 12

The traditional evolutionary diagrams are in the form of

Accepted Answer

A) interlocking circles. 
B) a wheel and spokes. 
C) a set of parallel lines. 
D) a tree. 
E) segmented bars. 
A) interlocking circles. 
B) a wheel and spokes. 
C) a set of parallel lines. 
D) a tree. 
E) segmented bars.

Question 13

Which of the following pairs indicates the closest macroevolutionary link among the fungi according to the evolutionary history tree in the text?

Accepted Answer

A) lycophytes; ferns 
B) chytrids; zygomycetes 
C) sac fungi; club fungi 
D) zygomycetes; club fungi 
E) zygomycetes; microsporidians 
A) lycophytes; ferns 
B) chytrids; zygomycetes 
C) sac fungi; club fungi 
D) zygomycetes; club fungi 
E) zygomycetes; microsporidians

Question 14

The skull of the chimpanzee and human are most closely related

Accepted Answer

A) as 48-hour embryos. 
B) as adults. 
C) as adolescents. 
D) as infants. 
E) never; they are not structurally close. 
A) as 48-hour embryos. 
B) as adults. 
C) as adolescents. 
D) as infants. 
E) never; they are not structurally close.

Question 15

Body appendages as diverse as crab legs, beetle legs, sea star arms, butterfly wings, fish fins, and mouse feet start out as

Accepted Answer

A) clusters of cells in the limb buds. 
B) cerebral cells. 
C) cardiac cells. 
D) offshoots of the sperm cell. 
E) offshoots of the egg. 
A) clusters of cells in the limb buds. 
B) cerebral cells. 
C) cardiac cells. 
D) offshoots of the sperm cell. 
E) offshoots of the egg.

Question 16

The master gene Hox helps to sculpt the body plan of embryos by

Accepted Answer

A) inhibiting the Dlx gene to prevent extra limbs. 
B) timing the activation of Dlx genes. 
C) causing cell death in any cell not expressing the Hox gene. 
D) converting sugar into energy to allow the process to go to completion. 
E) inducing mutations in plants. 
A) inhibiting the Dlx gene to prevent extra limbs. 
B) timing the activation of Dlx genes. 
C) causing cell death in any cell not expressing the Hox gene. 
D) converting sugar into energy to allow the process to go to completion. 
E) inducing mutations in plants.

Question 17

__________ is the study of body plans and structures among groups of organisms.

Accepted Answer

A) Embryology 
B) Molecular archeology 
C) Evolution 
D) Comparative morphology 
E) Composition 
A) Embryology 
B) Molecular archeology 
C) Evolution 
D) Comparative morphology 
E) Composition

Question 18

The convergence in external morphology of sharks, penguins, and porpoises is attributed to

Accepted Answer

A) reduced genetic variability in these groups. 
B) selection pressures that are common to these groups. 
C) reproductive isolation of these groups. 
D) identical genes in all three groups. 
E) use and disuse of the limbs. 
A) reduced genetic variability in these groups. 
B) selection pressures that are common to these groups. 
C) reproductive isolation of these groups. 
D) identical genes in all three groups. 
E) use and disuse of the limbs.

Question 19

A mutation in the Apetala1 gene, in Brassica oleracea plants (wild cabbage) results in mutated flowers that

Accepted Answer

A) have multiple female parts. 
B) have multiple male parts. 
C) have leaves instead of petals. 
D) have enormous size. 
E) burrow into the ground like peanuts. 
A) have multiple female parts. 
B) have multiple male parts. 
C) have leaves instead of petals. 
D) have enormous size. 
E) burrow into the ground like peanuts.

Question 20

Which of the following is the correct order of taxa from most inclusive to least inclusive?

Accepted Answer

A) kingdom >>> phylum >>> order >>> class >>> family >>> genus >>> species 
B) kingdom >>> phylum >>> class >>> order >>> family >>> genus >>> species 
C) kingdom >>> phylum >>> family >>> order >>> class >>> genus >>> species 
D) kingdom >>> phylum >>> class >>> order >>> genus >>> family >>> species 
E) kingdom >>> phylum >>> order >>> family >>> class >>> genus >>> species 
A) kingdom >>> phylum >>> order >>> class >>> family >>> genus >>> species 
B) kingdom >>> phylum >>> class >>> order >>> family >>> genus >>> species 
C) kingdom >>> phylum >>> family >>> order >>> class >>> genus >>> species 
D) kingdom >>> phylum >>> class >>> order >>> genus >>> family >>> species 
E) kingdom >>> phylum >>> order >>> family >>> class >>> genus >>> species

Exam 19: Organizing Information About Species

Similar body parts are not always homologous.They may have evolved independently in separate lineages as adaptations to the same

All of the following statements about master genes are true EXCEPT:

Which of the following pairs indicates the closest macroevolutionary link among the animals according to the evolutionary history tree in the text?

The five-toed limb of stem reptiles became modified into a limb __________ in vertebrates that followed.

__________ is the study of body plans and structures among groups of organisms.

Which of the following are considered more primitive based upon the structure of their limbs?

Which of the following statements are true statements regarding the use of DNA in evolutionary comparisons?

Which of the following pairs indicates the closest macroevolutionary link among the bacteria according to the evolutionary history tree in the text?

Some genes encoding proteins that are essential to the survival of the organism are called highly conserved sequences.Which of the following is an example of one of these proteins?

The bones in the forelimbs of a mammal

Which of the following pairs indicates the closest macroevolutionary link among the plants according to the evolutionary history tree in the text?

The traditional evolutionary diagrams are in the form of

Which of the following pairs indicates the closest macroevolutionary link among the fungi according to the evolutionary history tree in the text?

The skull of the chimpanzee and human are most closely related

Body appendages as diverse as crab legs, beetle legs, sea star arms, butterfly wings, fish fins, and mouse feet start out as

The master gene Hox helps to sculpt the body plan of embryos by

__________ is the study of body plans and structures among groups of organisms.

The convergence in external morphology of sharks, penguins, and porpoises is attributed to

A mutation in the Apetala1 gene, in Brassica oleracea plants (wild cabbage) results in mutated flowers that

Which of the following is the correct order of taxa from most inclusive to least inclusive?

Invitation to Biology

Lifes Chemical Basis

Molecules of Life

Cell Structure and Function

A Closer Look at Cell Membranes

Ground Rules of Metabolism

Where It Startsphotosynthesis

Energy-Releasing Pathways

How Cells Reproduce

Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction

Observing Patterns in Inherited Traits

Chromosomes and Human Inheritance

Dna Structure and Function

From Dna to Protein

Controls Over Genes

Recombinant Dna and Genetic Engineering

The Macroevolutionary Puzzle

Emergence of Evolutionary Thought

The Origin and Evolution of Life

Viruses and Prokaryotes

Protists the Simplest Eukaryotes

Plants

Fungi

Animals: the Invertebrates

Animal Evolution the Chordates

Human Evolution: a Case Study

Plant Tissues

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Plant Reproduction

Plant Growth and Development

Animal Tissues and Organ Systems

Neural Control

Sensory Perception

Endocrine Control

Protection, Support, and Movement

Circulation

Immunity

Respiration

Digestion and Human Nutrition

Maintaining the Internal Environment

Animal Reproductive Systems

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Population Ecology

Community Structure and Biodiversity

Ecosystems

The Biosphere

Human Impacts on the Biosphere

Filters