Question 1

Chicken legs are made up of __________ which accounts for why they can run long distances.

Accepted Answer

A) slow-twitch fibers 
B) fibrous connective tissue 
C) polymerated red blood cells 
D) fast-twitch fibers 
E) all of these 
A) slow-twitch fibers 
B) fibrous connective tissue 
C) polymerated red blood cells 
D) fast-twitch fibers 
E) all of these A

Question 2

Aerobes use __________ as the final electron acceptor.

Accepted Answer

A) hydrogen 
B) carbon 
C) oxygen 
D) H2O 
E) NAD+ 
A) hydrogen 
B) carbon 
C) oxygen 
D) H2O 
E) NAD+ C

Question 3

If anaerobic pathways follow glycolysis,

Accepted Answer

A) CO2 will be one of the products as pyruvate is converted to lactate. 
B) the two NADH molecules produced during glycolysis will (depending on the organism) be used to reduce pyruvate to either lactate or ethanol and CO2. 
C) ATP will be required to convert pyruvate to either lactate or ethanol and CO2. 
D) oxidative phosphorylation occurs either on the plasma membrane or on derivatives of the plasma membrane. 
E) none of these will occur. 
A) CO2 will be one of the products as pyruvate is converted to lactate. 
B) the two NADH molecules produced during glycolysis will (depending on the organism) be used to reduce pyruvate to either lactate or ethanol and CO2. 
C) ATP will be required to convert pyruvate to either lactate or ethanol and CO2. 
D) oxidative phosphorylation occurs either on the plasma membrane or on derivatives of the plasma membrane. 
E) none of these will occur. B

Question 4

Because of its location in the electron transfer chain, delivery of electrons to each FAD results in __________ ATPs.

Accepted Answer

A) 4 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 32 
E) 0 
A) 4 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 32 
E) 0

Question 5

During which phase of aerobic respiration is ATP produced directly by substrate-level phosphorylation?

Accepted Answer

A) glycolysis 
B) ethanol production 
C) acetyl-CoA formation 
D) the Krebs cycle 
E) glycolysis and the Krebs Cycle 
A) glycolysis 
B) ethanol production 
C) acetyl-CoA formation 
D) the Krebs cycle 
E) glycolysis and the Krebs Cycle

Question 6

Which of the following molecules does NOT have a total of three carbon atoms?

Accepted Answer

A) PEP 
B) PGAL 
C) fructose-1,6-biphosphate 
D) pyruvate 
E) phosphoglycerate (PG
A)  
A) PEP 
B) PGAL 
C) fructose-1,6-biphosphate 
D) pyruvate 
E) phosphoglycerate (PG
A)

Question 7

ATP

Accepted Answer

A) can be produced by photosynthesis. 
B) is produced in the degradation of organic compounds such as glucose. 
C) is generated in anaerobic respiration. 
D) is formed in aerobic respiration. 
E) does all of these. 
A) can be produced by photosynthesis. 
B) is produced in the degradation of organic compounds such as glucose. 
C) is generated in anaerobic respiration. 
D) is formed in aerobic respiration. 
E) does all of these.

Question 8

Defective mitochondria are a cause of Luft's syndrome and

Accepted Answer

A) Marfan's syndrome. 
B) Friedrich's ataxia. 
C) type I diabetes. 
D) Alzheimer's disease. 
E) all of these. 
A) Marfan's syndrome. 
B) Friedrich's ataxia. 
C) type I diabetes. 
D) Alzheimer's disease. 
E) all of these.

Question 9

Human muscle is made up of.

Accepted Answer

A) slow-twitch fibers. 
B) fibrous connective tissue. 
C) polymerated red blood cells. 
D) fast-twitch fibers. 
E) a mixture of slow- and fast-twitch muscles. 
A) slow-twitch fibers. 
B) fibrous connective tissue. 
C) polymerated red blood cells. 
D) fast-twitch fibers. 
E) a mixture of slow- and fast-twitch muscles.

Question 10

The greatest number of ATP molecules is produced in

Accepted Answer

A) glycolysis. 
B) alcoholic fermentation. 
C) anaerobic electron transfer. 
D) electron transfer phosphorylation. 
E) the Krebs cycle. 
A) glycolysis. 
B) alcoholic fermentation. 
C) anaerobic electron transfer. 
D) electron transfer phosphorylation. 
E) the Krebs cycle.

Question 11

Sulfate-reducing bacteria transfer electrons to __________ in their environment.

Accepted Answer

A) SO2 
B) H2 
C) H2SO4 
D) S 
E) SO4 
A) SO2 
B) H2 
C) H2SO4 
D) S 
E) SO4

Question 12

The end product of glycolysis is

Accepted Answer

A) acetyl-CoA. 
B) oxaloacetate. 
C) pyruvate. 
D) citrate. 
E) acetyl-CoA and oxaloacetate. 
A) acetyl-CoA. 
B) oxaloacetate. 
C) pyruvate. 
D) citrate. 
E) acetyl-CoA and oxaloacetate.

Question 13

Glycolysis depends upon a continuous supply of glucose and

Accepted Answer

A) NADP. 
B) pyruvate. 
C) NAD+. 
D) NADH. 
E) H2O. 
A) NADP. 
B) pyruvate. 
C) NAD+. 
D) NADH. 
E) H2O.

Question 14

Which is capable of being reduced during either glycolysis or the Krebs cycle?

Accepted Answer

A) NAD+ 
B) FAD+ 
C) ADP 
D) NADH 
E) NADP+ 
A) NAD+ 
B) FAD+ 
C) ADP 
D) NADH 
E) NADP+

Question 15

Bakers use alcoholic fermentation to produce __________ which causes the dough to rise.

Accepted Answer

A) alcohol 
B) ATP 
C) butyric acid 
D) carbon dioxide 
E) none of these 
A) alcohol 
B) ATP 
C) butyric acid 
D) carbon dioxide 
E) none of these

Question 16

Under anaerobic conditions, muscle cells produce

Accepted Answer

A) ethyl alcohol. 
B) acetaldehyde. 
C) pyruvate. 
D) lactate. 
E) citrate. 
A) ethyl alcohol. 
B) acetaldehyde. 
C) pyruvate. 
D) lactate. 
E) citrate.

Question 17

Which ions accumulate in the outer compartment of the mitochondria during electron transport phosphorylation?

Accepted Answer

A) calcium 
B) hydrogen 
C) oxygen 
D) phosphorus 
E) sodium 
A) calcium 
B) hydrogen 
C) oxygen 
D) phosphorus 
E) sodium

Question 18

When glucose is used as the energy source, the largest amount of ATP is produced in

Accepted Answer

A) glycolysis. 
B) acetyl-CoA formation. 
C) the Krebs cycle. 
D) substrate-level phosphorylation. 
E) electron transfer phosphorylation. 
A) glycolysis. 
B) acetyl-CoA formation. 
C) the Krebs cycle. 
D) substrate-level phosphorylation. 
E) electron transfer phosphorylation.

Question 19

Which of the following liberates the most energy in the form of ATP?

Accepted Answer

A) aerobic respiration 
B) anaerobic respiration 
C) alcoholic fermentation 
D) lactate fermentation 
E) all liberate the same amount, but through different means 
A) aerobic respiration 
B) anaerobic respiration 
C) alcoholic fermentation 
D) lactate fermentation 
E) all liberate the same amount, but through different means

Question 20

Most plants and animals use __________ as their final hydrogen acceptor in cellular respiration.

Accepted Answer

A) oxygen 
B) sulfur 
C) nitrogen 
D) magnesium 
E) phosphorus 
A) oxygen 
B) sulfur 
C) nitrogen 
D) magnesium 
E) phosphorus

Exam 8: Energy-Releasing Pathways

Chicken legs are made up of __________ which accounts for why they can run long distances.

Aerobes use __________ as the final electron acceptor.

If anaerobic pathways follow glycolysis,

Because of its location in the electron transfer chain, delivery of electrons to each FAD results in __________ ATPs.

During which phase of aerobic respiration is ATP produced directly by substrate-level phosphorylation?

Which of the following molecules does NOT have a total of three carbon atoms?

ATP

Defective mitochondria are a cause of Luft's syndrome and

Human muscle is made up of.

The greatest number of ATP molecules is produced in

Sulfate-reducing bacteria transfer electrons to __________ in their environment.

The end product of glycolysis is

Glycolysis depends upon a continuous supply of glucose and

Which is capable of being reduced during either glycolysis or the Krebs cycle?

Bakers use alcoholic fermentation to produce __________ which causes the dough to rise.

Under anaerobic conditions, muscle cells produce

Which ions accumulate in the outer compartment of the mitochondria during electron transport phosphorylation?

When glucose is used as the energy source, the largest amount of ATP is produced in

Which of the following liberates the most energy in the form of ATP?

Most plants and animals use __________ as their final hydrogen acceptor in cellular respiration.

Invitation to Biology

Lifes Chemical Basis

Molecules of Life

Cell Structure and Function

A Closer Look at Cell Membranes

Ground Rules of Metabolism

Where It Startsphotosynthesis

How Cells Reproduce

Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction

Observing Patterns in Inherited Traits

Chromosomes and Human Inheritance

Dna Structure and Function

From Dna to Protein

Controls Over Genes

Recombinant Dna and Genetic Engineering

The Macroevolutionary Puzzle

Emergence of Evolutionary Thought

Organizing Information About Species

The Origin and Evolution of Life

Viruses and Prokaryotes

Protists the Simplest Eukaryotes

Plants

Fungi

Animals: the Invertebrates

Animal Evolution the Chordates

Human Evolution: a Case Study

Plant Tissues

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Plant Reproduction

Plant Growth and Development

Animal Tissues and Organ Systems

Neural Control

Sensory Perception

Endocrine Control

Protection, Support, and Movement

Circulation

Immunity

Respiration

Digestion and Human Nutrition

Maintaining the Internal Environment

Animal Reproductive Systems

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Population Ecology

Community Structure and Biodiversity

Ecosystems

The Biosphere

Human Impacts on the Biosphere

Filters