Question 1

A certain isotope has a specific activity of 7.29 * 10¯4 Ci/g. How many $\alpha$particles will a 75.0 mg sample emit in one hour?

Accepted Answer

A)  9.99 *104 
B)  2.02 * 106 
C)  7.28 * 109 
D)  1.29* 1012 
E)  None of these choices is correct. 
A)  9.99 *104 
B)  2.02 * 106 
C)  7.28 * 109 
D)  1.29* 1012 
E)  None of these choices is correct.

Question 2

Select the nuclide that completes the following nuclear reaction:

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)    
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)

Question 3

What is the specific activity (in Ci/g) of an isotope if 3.56 mg emits 4.26* 108 $\beta$ particles per second?

Accepted Answer

A)  0.003232 Ci/g 
B)  0.0115 Ci/g 
C)  0.309 Ci/g 
D)  3.23 Ci/g 
E)  None of these choices is correct. 
A)  0.003232 Ci/g 
B)  0.0115 Ci/g 
C)  0.309 Ci/g 
D)  3.23 Ci/g 
E)  None of these choices is correct.

Question 4

The s-process involves a slow succession of neutron absorption and beta decay processes during the normal life of a star.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Fill in missing sub- and superscripts for all particles to complete the following equation for alpha decay.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Fill in missing sub- and superscripts for...

Question 6

A N-14 nucleus is hit by a particle, forming a C-14 nucleus and a proton as the only products. Identify the type of particle which struck the N-14 nucleus.

Accepted Answer

A)  alpha 
B)  proton 
C)  electron 
D)  neutron 
E)  deuterium 
A)  alpha 
B)  proton 
C)  electron 
D)  neutron 
E)  deuterium

Question 7

In living organisms, C-14 atoms disintegrate at a rate of 15.3 atoms per minute per gram of carbon. A charcoal sample from an archaeological site has a C-14 disintegration rate of 9.16 atoms per minute per gram of carbon. Estimate the age of this sample. The half-life of C-14 is 5730 years.

Accepted Answer

A)  3170 years 
B)  3430 years 
C)  4020 years 
D)  4790 years 
E)  6750 years 
A)  3170 years 
B)  3430 years 
C)  4020 years 
D)  4790 years 
E)  6750 years

Question 8

Sodium-21 will emit positrons each having an energy of 4.0 *10¯13 J. What is this energy in MeV?

Accepted Answer

A)  4.0 *10¯7 MeV 
B)  2.5 MeV 
C)  40 MeV 
D)  2.5 * 106 MeV 
E)  None of these choices is correct. 
A)  4.0 *10¯7 MeV 
B)  2.5 MeV 
C)  40 MeV 
D)  2.5 * 106 MeV 
E)  None of these choices is correct.

Question 9

Most foodstuffs contain natural, radioactive isotopes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Which one of the following elements is formed largely in supernova explosions?

Accepted Answer

A)  H 
B)  He 
C)  Mg 
D)  Fe 
E)  U 
A)  H 
B)  He 
C)  Mg 
D)  Fe 
E)  U

Question 11

Which one of the following equations correctly represents positron decay of   ?

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)    
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)

Question 12

Write a complete, balanced equation to represent the alpha decay of radon-210.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Write a complete, balanced equation to represent...

Question 13

A patient's thyroid gland is to be exposed to an average of 5.5 µCi for 16 days as an ingested sample of iodine-131 decays. If the energy of the $\beta$radiation is 9.7 * 10¯14 J and the mass of the thyroid is 32.0 g, what is the dose received by the patient?

Accepted Answer

A)  0.027 rads 
B)  1.2 rads 
C)  37 rads 
D)  85 rads 
E)  None of these choices is correct. 
A)  0.027 rads 
B)  1.2 rads 
C)  37 rads 
D)  85 rads 
E)  None of these choices is correct.

Question 14

An isotope with Z > 83, which lies close to the band of stability, will generally decay through

Accepted Answer

A)  ($\alpha$ decay.) 
B)  ($\beta$ decay.) 
C)  ($\gamma$decay.) 
D)  positron decay. 
E)  electron capture. 
A)  ($\alpha$ decay.) 
B)  ($\beta$ decay.) 
C)  ($\gamma$decay.) 
D)  positron decay. 
E)  electron capture.

Question 15

Which one of the following equations correctly represents electron capture by the   nucleus?

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)    
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)

Question 16

Radioactive decay follows zero-order kinetics.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Select the nuclide that completes the following nuclear reaction:

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)    
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)

Question 18

Gamma rays are high energy electrons.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Iodine-131, t1/2= 8.0 days, is used in diagnosis and treatment of thyroid gland diseases. If a laboratory sample of iodine-131 initially emits 9.95 *1018 $\beta$ particles per day, how long will it take for the activity to drop to 6.22 * 1017 $\beta$ particles per day?

Accepted Answer

A)  2.0 days 
B)  16 days 
C)  32 days 
D)  128 days 
E)  None of these choices is correct. 
A)  2.0 days 
B)  16 days 
C)  32 days 
D)  128 days 
E)  None of these choices is correct.

Question 20

What is the mechanism by which control rods slow down the fission rate in a nuclear reactor?

Accepted Answer

Control rods absorb neutrons which would

Exam 24: Nuclear Reactions and Their Applications

A certain isotope has a specific activity of 7.29 * 10¯4 Ci/g. How many α\alphaα particles will a 75.0 mg sample emit in one hour?

Select the nuclide that completes the following nuclear reaction:

What is the specific activity (in Ci/g) of an isotope if 3.56 mg emits 4.26* 108 β\betaβ particles per second?

The s-process involves a slow succession of neutron absorption and beta decay processes during the normal life of a star.

Fill in missing sub- and superscripts for all particles to complete the following equation for alpha decay.

A N-14 nucleus is hit by a particle, forming a C-14 nucleus and a proton as the only products. Identify the type of particle which struck the N-14 nucleus.

In living organisms, C-14 atoms disintegrate at a rate of 15.3 atoms per minute per gram of carbon. A charcoal sample from an archaeological site has a C-14 disintegration rate of 9.16 atoms per minute per gram of carbon. Estimate the age of this sample. The half-life of C-14 is 5730 years.

Sodium-21 will emit positrons each having an energy of 4.0 *10¯13 J. What is this energy in MeV?

Most foodstuffs contain natural, radioactive isotopes.

Which one of the following elements is formed largely in supernova explosions?

Which one of the following equations correctly represents positron decay of ?

Write a complete, balanced equation to represent the alpha decay of radon-210.

A patient's thyroid gland is to be exposed to an average of 5.5 µCi for 16 days as an ingested sample of iodine-131 decays. If the energy of the β\betaβ radiation is 9.7 * 10¯14 J and the mass of the thyroid is 32.0 g, what is the dose received by the patient?

An isotope with Z > 83, which lies close to the band of stability, will generally decay through

Which one of the following equations correctly represents electron capture by the nucleus?

Radioactive decay follows zero-order kinetics.

Select the nuclide that completes the following nuclear reaction:

Gamma rays are high energy electrons.

Iodine-131, t1/2= 8.0 days, is used in diagnosis and treatment of thyroid gland diseases. If a laboratory sample of iodine-131 initially emits 9.95 *1018 β\betaβ particles per day, how long will it take for the activity to drop to 6.22 * 1017 β\betaβ particles per day?

What is the mechanism by which control rods slow down the fission rate in a nuclear reactor?

Keys to the Study of Chemistry

The Components of Matter

Stoichiometry of Formulas and Equations

Three Major Classes of Chemical Reactions

Gases and the Kinetic-Molecular Theory

Thermochemistry: Energy Flow and Chemical Change

Quantum Theory and Atomic Structure

Electron Configuration and Chemical Periodicity

Models of Chemical Bonding

The Shapes of Molecules

Theories of Covalent Bonding

Intermolecular Forces: Liquids, Solids, and Phase Changes

The Properties of Mixtures: Solutions and Colloids

Periodic Patterns in the Main-Group Elements

Organic Compounds and the Atomic Properties of Carbon

Kinetics: Rates and Mechanisms of Chemical Reactions

Equilibrium: the Extent of Chemical Reactions

Acid-Base Equilibria

Ionic Equilibria in Aqueous Systems

Thermodynamics: Entropy, Free Energy, and the Direction of Chemical Reactions

Electrochemistry: Chemical Change and Electrical Work

The Elements in Nature and Industry

The Transition Elements and Their Coordination Compounds

Filters

A certain isotope has a specific activity of 7.29 * 10¯⁴ Ci/g. How many $\alpha$ particles will a 75.0 mg sample emit in one hour?

What is the specific activity (in Ci/g) of an isotope if 3.56 mg emits 4.26* 10⁸ $\beta$ particles per second?

Sodium-21 will emit positrons each having an energy of 4.0 *10¯¹³ J. What is this energy in MeV?

A patient's thyroid gland is to be exposed to an average of 5.5 µCi for 16 days as an ingested sample of iodine-131 decays. If the energy of the $\beta$ radiation is 9.7 * 10¯¹⁴ J and the mass of the thyroid is 32.0 g, what is the dose received by the patient?

Iodine-131, t_1/2= 8.0 days, is used in diagnosis and treatment of thyroid gland diseases. If a laboratory sample of iodine-131 initially emits 9.95 10¹⁸ $\beta$ particles per day, how long will it take for the activity to drop to 6.22 10¹⁷ $\beta$ particles per day?