Question 1

Figure 4.3
  
-In Figure 4.3, which diagram of a cell wall contains teichoic acids?

Accepted Answer

A)  a 
B)  b 
C)  both a and b 
D)  neither a nor b 
E)  The answer cannot be determined based on the information provided. 
A)  a 
B)  b 
C)  both a and b 
D)  neither a nor b 
E)  The answer cannot be determined based on the information provided.

Question 2

Which of the following statements about gram-negative cell walls is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Their Gram reaction is due to the outer membrane. 
B)  They protect the cell in a hypotonic environment. 
C)  They are toxic to humans. 
D)  They have an extra outer layer composed of lipoproteins, lipopolysaccharides, and phospholipids. 
E)  They are sensitive to penicillin. 
A)  Their Gram reaction is due to the outer membrane. 
B)  They protect the cell in a hypotonic environment. 
C)  They are toxic to humans. 
D)  They have an extra outer layer composed of lipoproteins, lipopolysaccharides, and phospholipids. 
E)  They are sensitive to penicillin.

Question 3

Antibiotics that target cell wall synthesis ultimately cause bacterial cell death as a result of

Accepted Answer

A)  inhibition of molecular transport. 
B)  decreased synthesis of plasma membrane. 
C)  plasmolysis. 
D)  cell shrinkage. 
E)  osmotic lysis. 
A)  inhibition of molecular transport. 
B)  decreased synthesis of plasma membrane. 
C)  plasmolysis. 
D)  cell shrinkage. 
E)  osmotic lysis.

Question 4

Which of the following statements is INCORRECT regarding prokaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  They lack membrane-enclosed organelles. 
B)  Their DNA is not enclosed within a membrane. 
C)  They lack a plasma membrane. 
D)  They typically have a circular chromosome. 
E)  They reproduce by binary fission. 
A)  They lack membrane-enclosed organelles. 
B)  Their DNA is not enclosed within a membrane. 
C)  They lack a plasma membrane. 
D)  They typically have a circular chromosome. 
E)  They reproduce by binary fission.

Question 5

How do spirochetes and spirilla differ?

Accepted Answer

A)  Spirilla are found in chains of cells whereas spirochetes exist as individual cells. 
B)  Spirochetes have a rigid, corkscrew shape while spirilla are helical and more flexible. 
C)  Spirilla have an external flagella but spirochetes have axial filaments. 
D)  Spirochetes do not have a cell wall but spirilla do. 
E)  Spirochetes and spirilla are basically the same organisms and the terms can be used interchangeably. 
A)  Spirilla are found in chains of cells whereas spirochetes exist as individual cells. 
B)  Spirochetes have a rigid, corkscrew shape while spirilla are helical and more flexible. 
C)  Spirilla have an external flagella but spirochetes have axial filaments. 
D)  Spirochetes do not have a cell wall but spirilla do. 
E)  Spirochetes and spirilla are basically the same organisms and the terms can be used interchangeably.

Question 6

The terms ʺrunʺ and ʺtumbleʺ are generally associated with

Accepted Answer

A)  cell membrane synthesis. 
B)  taxic movements of the cell in response to attractants or repellents. 
C)  cell wall fluidity. 
D)  clustering properties of certain rod-shaped bacteria. 
A)  cell membrane synthesis. 
B)  taxic movements of the cell in response to attractants or repellents. 
C)  cell wall fluidity. 
D)  clustering properties of certain rod-shaped bacteria.

Question 7

The number of organelles such as chloroplasts, mitochondria, and rough endoplasmic reticulum is the same in all eukaryotic cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

The difference between simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion is that facilitated diffusion

Accepted Answer

A)  moves materials from a lower to a higher concentration. 
B)  moves materials from a higher to a lower concentration. 
C)  does not require ATP. 
D)  requires transporter proteins. 
E)  requires ATP. 
A)  moves materials from a lower to a higher concentration. 
B)  moves materials from a higher to a lower concentration. 
C)  does not require ATP. 
D)  requires transporter proteins. 
E)  requires ATP.

Question 9

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

Accepted Answer

A)  centrosome  food storage 
B)  lysosome  digestive enzymes 
C)  Golgi complex  secretion 
D)  mitochondria  ATP production 
E)  endoplasmic reticulum  internal transport 
A)  centrosome  food storage 
B)  lysosome  digestive enzymes 
C)  Golgi complex  secretion 
D)  mitochondria  ATP production 
E)  endoplasmic reticulum  internal transport

Question 10

In bacteria, photosynthetic pigments are found in

Accepted Answer

A)  chloroplasts. 
B)  chromatophores. 
C)  cytoplasm. 
D)  mesosomes. 
E)  ribosomes. 
A)  chloroplasts. 
B)  chromatophores. 
C)  cytoplasm. 
D)  mesosomes. 
E)  ribosomes.

Question 11

Many enzymes in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are compartmentalized within organelles.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

The internal structure of eukaryotic cilia and flagella are the same.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Functions of the glycocalyx include all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  biofilm formation. 
B)  protection against dehydration. 
C)  source of nutrition. 
D)  binary fission. 
E)  increased virulence. 
A)  biofilm formation. 
B)  protection against dehydration. 
C)  source of nutrition. 
D)  binary fission. 
E)  increased virulence.

Question 14

Bacteria are a commonly used organism for studies of genetic material in the research laboratory. The nucleic acids must first be isolated from the cells for these studies. Which of the following would most likely be used to lyse gram-positive bacterial cells for nucleic acid isolation?

Accepted Answer

A)  alcohol 
B)  lysozyme 
C)  polymixins 
D)  water 
E)  mycolic acid 
A)  alcohol 
B)  lysozyme 
C)  polymixins 
D)  water 
E)  mycolic acid

Question 15

Figure 4.3
  
-In Figure 4.3, which diagram of a cell wall is resistant to many antibiotics (e.g., penicillin)?

Accepted Answer

A)  a 
B)  b 
C)  both a and b 
D)  neither a nor b 
E)  The answer cannot be determined based on the information provided. 
A)  a 
B)  b 
C)  both a and b 
D)  neither a nor b 
E)  The answer cannot be determined based on the information provided.

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a functionally analogous pair?

Accepted Answer

A)  nucleus -nucleiod region 
B)  mitochondria - prokaryotic plasma membrane 
C)  chloroplasts - thylakoids 
D)  9+2 flagella - bacterial flagella 
E)  cilia - pili 
A)  nucleus -nucleiod region 
B)  mitochondria - prokaryotic plasma membrane 
C)  chloroplasts - thylakoids 
D)  9+2 flagella - bacterial flagella 
E)  cilia - pili

Question 17

In a hypertonic solution, a bacterial cell will typically

Accepted Answer

A)  lyse. 
B)  plasmolyze. 
C)  stay the same. 
D)  osmolyze. 
E)  burst. 
A)  lyse. 
B)  plasmolyze. 
C)  stay the same. 
D)  osmolyze. 
E)  burst.

Question 18

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  A cell produces one endospore and keeps growing. 
B)  Endospores allow a cell to survive environmental changes by producing a dormant period with no growth. 
C)  A cell can produce many endospores. 
D)  Endospores are for reproduction. 
E)  Endospores are easily stained in a Gram stain. 
A)  A cell produces one endospore and keeps growing. 
B)  Endospores allow a cell to survive environmental changes by producing a dormant period with no growth. 
C)  A cell can produce many endospores. 
D)  Endospores are for reproduction. 
E)  Endospores are easily stained in a Gram stain.

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT found or observed to occur in both mitochondria and prokaryotes?

Accepted Answer

A)  circular chromosome 
B)  binary fission 
C)  70S ribosomes 
D)  cell wall 
E)  ATP-generating mechanism 
A)  circular chromosome 
B)  binary fission 
C)  70S ribosomes 
D)  cell wall 
E)  ATP-generating mechanism

Question 20

By which of the following mechanisms can a cell transport a substance from a lower to a higher concentration?

Accepted Answer

A)  simple diffusion 
B)  aquaporins 
C)  extracellular enzymes 
D)  active transport 
E)  facilitated diffusion 
A)  simple diffusion 
B)  aquaporins 
C)  extracellular enzymes 
D)  active transport 
E)  facilitated diffusion

Exam 4: Functional Anatomy of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

Figure 4.3 -In Figure 4.3, which diagram of a cell wall contains teichoic acids?

Which of the following statements about gram-negative cell walls is FALSE?

Antibiotics that target cell wall synthesis ultimately cause bacterial cell death as a result of

Which of the following statements is INCORRECT regarding prokaryotic cells?

How do spirochetes and spirilla differ?

The terms ʺrunʺ and ʺtumbleʺ are generally associated with

The number of organelles such as chloroplasts, mitochondria, and rough endoplasmic reticulum is the same in all eukaryotic cells.

The difference between simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion is that facilitated diffusion

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

In bacteria, photosynthetic pigments are found in

Many enzymes in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are compartmentalized within organelles.

The internal structure of eukaryotic cilia and flagella are the same.

Functions of the glycocalyx include all of the following EXCEPT

Bacteria are a commonly used organism for studies of genetic material in the research laboratory. The nucleic acids must first be isolated from the cells for these studies. Which of the following would most likely be used to lyse gram-positive bacterial cells for nucleic acid isolation?

Figure 4.3 -In Figure 4.3, which diagram of a cell wall is resistant to many antibiotics (e.g., penicillin)?

Which of the following is NOT a functionally analogous pair?

In a hypertonic solution, a bacterial cell will typically

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Which of the following is NOT found or observed to occur in both mitochondria and prokaryotes?

By which of the following mechanisms can a cell transport a substance from a lower to a higher concentration?

The Microbial World and You

Chemical Principles

Observing Microorganisms Through a Microscope

Microbial Metabolism

Microbial Growth

The Control of Microbial Growth

Microbial Genetics

Biotechnology and Dna Technology

Classification of Microorganisms

The Prokaryotes: Domains Bacteria and Archaea

The Eukaryotes: Fungi, Algae, Protozoa, and Helminths

Viruses, Viroids, and Prions

Principles of Disease and Epidemiology

Microbial Mechanisms of Pathogenicity

Innate Immunity: Nonspecific Defenses of the Host

Adaptive Immunity: Specific Defenses of the Host

Practical Applications of Immunology

Disorders Associated With the Immune System

Antimicrobial Drugs

Microbial Diseases of the Skin and Eyes

Microbial Diseases of the Nervous System

Microbial Diseases of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Microbial Diseases of the Respiratory System

Microbial Diseases of the Digestive System

Microbial Disease of the Urinary and Reproductive Systems

Environmental Microbiology

Applied and Industrial Microbiology

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