Question 1

The urine first passes from the glomerular capsule to the

Accepted Answer

A)  collecting duct. 
B)  proximal convoluted tubule. 
C)  minor calyx. 
D)  nephron loop loop of Henle). 
E)  distal convoluted tubule. 
A)  collecting duct. 
B)  proximal convoluted tubule. 
C)  minor calyx. 
D)  nephron loop loop of Henle). 
E)  distal convoluted tubule.

Question 2

Figure 24- 2 The Nephron
Use Figure 24- 2 to answer the following questions:
-What physiological process occurs at the structure labeled "1"?

Accepted Answer

A)  secretion 
B)  reabsorption 
C)  micturition 
D)  filtration 
E)  excretion 
A)  secretion 
B)  reabsorption 
C)  micturition 
D)  filtration 
E)  excretion

Question 3

The outermost layer of the kidney is the

Accepted Answer

A)  renal medulla. 
B)  major calyx. 
C)  renal pelvis. 
D)  renal cortex. 
E)  fibrous capsule. 
A)  renal medulla. 
B)  major calyx. 
C)  renal pelvis. 
D)  renal cortex. 
E)  fibrous capsule.

Question 4

Figure 24- 2 The Nephron
Use Figure 24- 2 to answer the following questions:
-Where would penicillin be secreted?

Accepted Answer

A)  6 
B)  5 
C)  3 and 4 
D)  3 
E)  4 
A)  6 
B)  5 
C)  3 and 4 
D)  3 
E)  4

Question 5

The process of filtration occurs at

Accepted Answer

A)  the nephron loop loop of Henle). 
B)  the proximal convoluted tubule. 
C)  the distal convoluted tubule. 
D)  the glomerular Bowman's) capsule. 
E)  the collecting duct. 
A)  the nephron loop loop of Henle). 
B)  the proximal convoluted tubule. 
C)  the distal convoluted tubule. 
D)  the glomerular Bowman's) capsule. 
E)  the collecting duct.

Question 6

If heavy exercise reduces blood flow to the kidneys, which of the following might occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  presence of blood 
B)  loss of protein in urine 
C)  permanent kidney injury 
D)  A, B, and C 
E)  A and C only 
A)  presence of blood 
B)  loss of protein in urine 
C)  permanent kidney injury 
D)  A, B, and C 
E)  A and C only

Question 7

Figure 24- 2 The Nephron
Use Figure 24- 2 to answer the following questions:
-Which area is sensitive to the hormone ADH?

Accepted Answer

A)  4, 5, and 6 
B)  4 
C)  5 and 6 
D)  1 
E)  3 
A)  4, 5, and 6 
B)  4 
C)  5 and 6 
D)  1 
E)  3

Question 8

The left kidney lies ______ to the right kidney.

Accepted Answer

A)  superior 
B)  inferior 
C)  transverse 
D)  posterior 
E)  both A and C 
A)  superior 
B)  inferior 
C)  transverse 
D)  posterior 
E)  both A and C

Question 9

The detrusor muscle

Accepted Answer

A)  moves urine along the ureters by peristalsis. 
B)  surrounds the renal pelvis. 
C)  functions as the internal urinary sphincter. 
D)  functions as the external urinary sphincter. 
E)  compresses the urinary bladder and expels urine through the urethra. 
A)  moves urine along the ureters by peristalsis. 
B)  surrounds the renal pelvis. 
C)  functions as the internal urinary sphincter. 
D)  functions as the external urinary sphincter. 
E)  compresses the urinary bladder and expels urine through the urethra.

Question 10

Substances secreted by the distal convoluted tubule include

Accepted Answer

A)  penicillin. 
B)  hydrogen and potassium ions. 
C)  creatinine. 
D)  all of the above 
E)  A and B only 
A)  penicillin. 
B)  hydrogen and potassium ions. 
C)  creatinine. 
D)  all of the above 
E)  A and B only

Question 11

The ability to form a concentrated urine depends on the functions of

Accepted Answer

A)  the proximal convoluted tubule. 
B)  the distal convoluted tubule. 
C)  the collecting duct. 
D)  the nephron loop loop of Henle). 
E)  both C and D 
A)  the proximal convoluted tubule. 
B)  the distal convoluted tubule. 
C)  the collecting duct. 
D)  the nephron loop loop of Henle). 
E)  both C and D

Question 12

Figure 24- 1 The Structure of the Kidney
Use Figure 24- 1 to answer the following questions:
-Sympathetic stimulation of the kidney can do all of the following, except

Accepted Answer

A)  produce powerful vasoconstriction of the afferent arterioles. 
B)  produce renal ischemia. 
C)  trigger renin release. 
D)  increase the glomerular filtration rate. 
E)  both B and C 
A)  produce powerful vasoconstriction of the afferent arterioles. 
B)  produce renal ischemia. 
C)  trigger renin release. 
D)  increase the glomerular filtration rate. 
E)  both B and C

Question 13

Which of the following descriptions best matches the term renal papilla?

Accepted Answer

A)  final urine enters here 
B)  tip of the medullary pyramid 
C)  releases renin 
D)  initial filtrate enters here 
E)  creates high interstitial NaCl concentration 
A)  final urine enters here 
B)  tip of the medullary pyramid 
C)  releases renin 
D)  initial filtrate enters here 
E)  creates high interstitial NaCl concentration

Question 14

The primary function of the proximal convoluted tubule is

Accepted Answer

A)  absorption of ions, organic molecules, vitamins, and water. 
B)  adjusting the urine volume. 
C)  filtration. 
D)  secretion of drugs. 
E)  secretion of acids and ammonia. 
A)  absorption of ions, organic molecules, vitamins, and water. 
B)  adjusting the urine volume. 
C)  filtration. 
D)  secretion of drugs. 
E)  secretion of acids and ammonia.

Question 15

In response to increased levels of aldosterone, the kidneys produce

Accepted Answer

A)  urine with a lower concentration of sodium ions. 
B)  urine with less glucose. 
C)  urine with a higher concentration of sodium ions. 
D)  a larger volume of urine. 
E)  urine with a lower concentration of potassium ions. 
A)  urine with a lower concentration of sodium ions. 
B)  urine with less glucose. 
C)  urine with a higher concentration of sodium ions. 
D)  a larger volume of urine. 
E)  urine with a lower concentration of potassium ions.

Question 16

Renal blood flow is about

Accepted Answer

A)  1 liter/min. 
B)  2 liter/min. 
C)  3 liter/min. 
D)  4 liter/min. 
E)  5 liter/min. 
A)  1 liter/min. 
B)  2 liter/min. 
C)  3 liter/min. 
D)  4 liter/min. 
E)  5 liter/min.

Question 17

The ureters and urinary bladder are lined by _______epithelium.

Accepted Answer

A)  stratified squamous 
B)  simple columnar 
C)  transitional 
D)  pseudostratified columnar 
E)  simple cuboidal 
A)  stratified squamous 
B)  simple columnar 
C)  transitional 
D)  pseudostratified columnar 
E)  simple cuboidal

Question 18

Antidiuretic hormone

Accepted Answer

A)  is secreted in response to low potassium ion in the blood. 
B)  increases the permeability of the collecting ducts to water. 
C)  release is insensitive to the osmolarity of interstitial fluid. 
D)  is secreted by the anterior pituitary. 
E)  causes the kidneys to produce a larger volume of very dilute urine. 
A)  is secreted in response to low potassium ion in the blood. 
B)  increases the permeability of the collecting ducts to water. 
C)  release is insensitive to the osmolarity of interstitial fluid. 
D)  is secreted by the anterior pituitary. 
E)  causes the kidneys to produce a larger volume of very dilute urine.

Question 19

The majority of glomeruli are located in the_________ of the kidney.

Accepted Answer

A)  calyces 
B)  pelvis 
C)  medulla 
D)  cortex 
E)  vasa recta 
A)  calyces 
B)  pelvis 
C)  medulla 
D)  cortex 
E)  vasa recta

Question 20

Triangular or conical structures located in the renal medulla are called

Accepted Answer

A)  renal pelvises. 
B)  pyramids. 
C)  nephrons. 
D)  calyces. 
E)  renal columns. 
A)  renal pelvises. 
B)  pyramids. 
C)  nephrons. 
D)  calyces. 
E)  renal columns.

Exam 24: The Urinary System

The urine first passes from the glomerular capsule to the

Figure 24- 2 The Nephron Use Figure 24- 2 to answer the following questions: -What physiological process occurs at the structure labeled "1"?

The outermost layer of the kidney is the

Figure 24- 2 The Nephron Use Figure 24- 2 to answer the following questions: -Where would penicillin be secreted?

The process of filtration occurs at

If heavy exercise reduces blood flow to the kidneys, which of the following might occur?

Figure 24- 2 The Nephron Use Figure 24- 2 to answer the following questions: -Which area is sensitive to the hormone ADH?

The left kidney lies ______ to the right kidney.

The detrusor muscle

Substances secreted by the distal convoluted tubule include

The ability to form a concentrated urine depends on the functions of

Figure 24- 1 The Structure of the Kidney Use Figure 24- 1 to answer the following questions: -Sympathetic stimulation of the kidney can do all of the following, except

Which of the following descriptions best matches the term renal papilla?

The primary function of the proximal convoluted tubule is

In response to increased levels of aldosterone, the kidneys produce

Renal blood flow is about

The ureters and urinary bladder are lined by _______epithelium.

Antidiuretic hormone

The majority of glomeruli are located in the_________ of the kidney.

Triangular or conical structures located in the renal medulla are called

An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

The Chemical Level of Organization

The Cellular Level of Organization

The Tissue Level of Organization

The Integumentary System

Osseous Tissue and Bone Structure

The Skeleton

Articulations

Muscle Tissue

The Muscular System

Neural Tissue

The Spinal Cord, Spinal Nerves, and Spinal Reflexes

The Brain and Cranial Nerves

Neural Integration

The Special Senses

The Endocrine System

Blood

The Heart

Blood Vessels and Circulation

The Lymphoid System and Immunity

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Metabolism and Energetics

Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

The Reproductive System

Filters