Question 1

Which of the following is greater?

Accepted Answer

A)  the concentration of solute in the filtrate at the beginning of the nephron loop loop of Henle) 
B)  the concentration of solute in the filtrate at the bottom of the nephron loop loop of Henle) 
C)  The concentrations at the top and bottom are identical. 
A)  the concentration of solute in the filtrate at the beginning of the nephron loop loop of Henle) 
B)  the concentration of solute in the filtrate at the bottom of the nephron loop loop of Henle) 
C)  The concentrations at the top and bottom are identical.

Question 2

Figure 24- 1 The Structure of the Kidney
Use Figure 24- 1 to answer the following questions:
-Identify the structure labeled "9."

Accepted Answer

A)  fibrous capsule 
B)  renal sinus 
C)  renal column 
D)  renal papilla 
E)  renal pyramid 
A)  fibrous capsule 
B)  renal sinus 
C)  renal column 
D)  renal papilla 
E)  renal pyramid

Question 3

Substances larger than________ are normally not allowed to pass through the filtration membrane.

Accepted Answer

A)  albumin 
B)  glucose 
C)  urea 
D)  sodium ions 
E)  amino acids 
A)  albumin 
B)  glucose 
C)  urea 
D)  sodium ions 
E)  amino acids

Question 4

Figure 24- 1 The Structure of the Kidney
Use Figure 24- 1 to answer the following questions:
-Identify the structure labeled "3."

Accepted Answer

A)  renal sinus 
B)  fibrous capsule 
C)  renal column 
D)  renal pyramid 
E)  renal papilla 
A)  renal sinus 
B)  fibrous capsule 
C)  renal column 
D)  renal pyramid 
E)  renal papilla

Question 5

As the filtrate passes through the renal tubules, approximately what percentage is reabsorbed and returned to the circulation?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  38 
C)  63 
D)  74 
E)  99 
A)  1 
B)  38 
C)  63 
D)  74 
E)  99

Question 6

Figure 24- 1 The Structure of the Kidney
Use Figure 24- 1 to answer the following questions:
-Identify the structure labeled "8."

Accepted Answer

A)  renal column 
B)  renal pelvis 
C)  major calyx 
D)  ureter 
E)  minor calyx 
A)  renal column 
B)  renal pelvis 
C)  major calyx 
D)  ureter 
E)  minor calyx

Question 7

Insoluble deposits that form within the urinary tract from calcium salts, magnesium salts, or uric acid are called kidney stones or renal_______ .

Accepted Answer

The answer of Insoluble deposits that form within the urinary...

Question 8

Each of the following organs is part of the urinary system, except the

Accepted Answer

A)  rectum. 
B)  kidney. 
C)  urethra. 
D)  urinary bladder. 
E)  ureter. 
A)  rectum. 
B)  kidney. 
C)  urethra. 
D)  urinary bladder. 
E)  ureter.

Question 9

The filtration barrier in the renal corpuscle consists of three layers:

Accepted Answer

A)  endothelium of glomerulus, dense layer of glomerulus, and podocyte filtration slits. 
B)  dense layer of glomerulus, foot processes, and fenestrations in the capsule. 
C)  podocyte filtration slits, matrix cells in the glomerulus, and endothelium of glomerulus. 
D)  filtration slits, foot processes, and slit pores. 
E)  fenestrations, matrix, and foot processes. 
A)  endothelium of glomerulus, dense layer of glomerulus, and podocyte filtration slits. 
B)  dense layer of glomerulus, foot processes, and fenestrations in the capsule. 
C)  podocyte filtration slits, matrix cells in the glomerulus, and endothelium of glomerulus. 
D)  filtration slits, foot processes, and slit pores. 
E)  fenestrations, matrix, and foot processes.

Question 10

A patient excretes a large volume of very dilute urine on a continuing basis. This is may be due to

Accepted Answer

A)  excessive ADH secretion. 
B)  dilation of the afferent arterioles. 
C)  hematuric oliguria. 
D)  overproduction of aldosterone. 
E)  absence of ADH. 
A)  excessive ADH secretion. 
B)  dilation of the afferent arterioles. 
C)  hematuric oliguria. 
D)  overproduction of aldosterone. 
E)  absence of ADH.

Question 11

Figure 24- 2 The Nephron
Use Figure 24- 2 to answer the following questions:
-Where does countercurrent multiplication occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  5 
B)  6 
C)  3 
D)  2 
E)  4 
A)  5 
B)  6 
C)  3 
D)  2 
E)  4

Question 12

Figure 24- 2 The Nephron
Use Figure 24- 2 to answer the following questions:
-Where does most nutrient reabsorption occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  4 
B)  3 
C)  5 
D)  2 
E)  6 
A)  4 
B)  3 
C)  5 
D)  2 
E)  6

Question 13

The region known as the macula densa is part of

Accepted Answer

A)  Glomerular Bowman's) capsule. 
B)  the collecting duct. 
C)  the distal convoluted tubule. 
D)  the nephron loop loop of Henle). 
E)  the proximal convoluted tubule. 
A)  Glomerular Bowman's) capsule. 
B)  the collecting duct. 
C)  the distal convoluted tubule. 
D)  the nephron loop loop of Henle). 
E)  the proximal convoluted tubule.

Question 14

Which of the following descriptions best matches the term calyx?

Accepted Answer

A)  final urine enters here 
B)  initial filtrate enters here 
C)  tip of the medullary pyramid 
D)  releases renin 
E)  creates high interstitial NaCl concentration 
A)  final urine enters here 
B)  initial filtrate enters here 
C)  tip of the medullary pyramid 
D)  releases renin 
E)  creates high interstitial NaCl concentration

Question 15

Functions of the urinary system include

Accepted Answer

A)  regulation of blood volume and blood pressure. 
B)  regulation of plasma concentration of certain ions. 
C)  conservation of valuable nutrients. 
D)  helping to stabilize blood pH. 
E)  all of the above 
A)  regulation of blood volume and blood pressure. 
B)  regulation of plasma concentration of certain ions. 
C)  conservation of valuable nutrients. 
D)  helping to stabilize blood pH. 
E)  all of the above

Question 16

Which of these components of the nephron is largely confined to the renal medulla?

Accepted Answer

A)  proximal convoluted tubule 
B)  glomerulus 
C)  glomerular Bowman's) capsule 
D)  collecting ducts 
E)  distal convoluted tubule 
A)  proximal convoluted tubule 
B)  glomerulus 
C)  glomerular Bowman's) capsule 
D)  collecting ducts 
E)  distal convoluted tubule

Question 17

Normally, all the glucose filtered by the glomeruli is reabsorbed by cells of the collecting tubules, but there is a limit called the transport maximum Tmax).

Accepted Answer

A)  The first part of the statement is true but the second part is false. 
B)  The first part of the statement is false but the second part is true. 
C)  Both parts of the statement are true. 
D)  Both parts of the statement are false. 
A)  The first part of the statement is true but the second part is false. 
B)  The first part of the statement is false but the second part is true. 
C)  Both parts of the statement are true. 
D)  Both parts of the statement are false.

Question 18

The prominent indentation on the medial surface of the kidney is the

Accepted Answer

A)  calyx. 
B)  hilum. 
C)  pyramid. 
D)  pelvis. 
E)  ureter. 
A)  calyx. 
B)  hilum. 
C)  pyramid. 
D)  pelvis. 
E)  ureter.

Question 19

Urine passes, in the order given, through which of the following structures?

Accepted Answer

A)  renal pelvis, collecting duct, bladder, ureter, urethra 
B)  collecting duct, ureter, renal pelvis, urethra, bladder 
C)  collecting duct, renal pelvis, urethra, bladder, ureter 
D)  renal pelvis, urethra, bladder, ureter, collecting duct 
E)  collecting duct, renal pelvis, ureter, bladder, urethra 
A)  renal pelvis, collecting duct, bladder, ureter, urethra 
B)  collecting duct, ureter, renal pelvis, urethra, bladder 
C)  collecting duct, renal pelvis, urethra, bladder, ureter 
D)  renal pelvis, urethra, bladder, ureter, collecting duct 
E)  collecting duct, renal pelvis, ureter, bladder, urethra

Question 20

Urine is eliminated through the

Accepted Answer

A)  liver. 
B)  urethra. 
C)  ureter. 
D)  kidney. 
E)  urinary bladder. 
A)  liver. 
B)  urethra. 
C)  ureter. 
D)  kidney. 
E)  urinary bladder.

Exam 24: The Urinary System

Which of the following is greater?

Figure 24- 1 The Structure of the Kidney Use Figure 24- 1 to answer the following questions: -Identify the structure labeled "9."

Substances larger than________ are normally not allowed to pass through the filtration membrane.

Figure 24- 1 The Structure of the Kidney Use Figure 24- 1 to answer the following questions: -Identify the structure labeled "3."

As the filtrate passes through the renal tubules, approximately what percentage is reabsorbed and returned to the circulation?

Figure 24- 1 The Structure of the Kidney Use Figure 24- 1 to answer the following questions: -Identify the structure labeled "8."

Insoluble deposits that form within the urinary tract from calcium salts, magnesium salts, or uric acid are called kidney stones or renal_______ .

Each of the following organs is part of the urinary system, except the

The filtration barrier in the renal corpuscle consists of three layers:

A patient excretes a large volume of very dilute urine on a continuing basis. This is may be due to

Figure 24- 2 The Nephron Use Figure 24- 2 to answer the following questions: -Where does countercurrent multiplication occur?

Figure 24- 2 The Nephron Use Figure 24- 2 to answer the following questions: -Where does most nutrient reabsorption occur?

The region known as the macula densa is part of

Which of the following descriptions best matches the term calyx?

Functions of the urinary system include

Which of these components of the nephron is largely confined to the renal medulla?

Normally, all the glucose filtered by the glomeruli is reabsorbed by cells of the collecting tubules, but there is a limit called the transport maximum Tmax).

The prominent indentation on the medial surface of the kidney is the

Urine passes, in the order given, through which of the following structures?

Urine is eliminated through the

An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

The Chemical Level of Organization

The Cellular Level of Organization

The Tissue Level of Organization

The Integumentary System

Osseous Tissue and Bone Structure

The Skeleton

Articulations

Muscle Tissue

The Muscular System

Neural Tissue

The Spinal Cord, Spinal Nerves, and Spinal Reflexes

The Brain and Cranial Nerves

Neural Integration

The Special Senses

The Endocrine System

Blood

The Heart

Blood Vessels and Circulation

The Lymphoid System and Immunity

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Metabolism and Energetics

Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

The Reproductive System

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