Question 1

If the results of an experiment are determined to be statistically significant, then the experimenter should do which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) Reject the null hypothesis 
B) Accept the null hypothesis 
C) Reject the alternate hypothesis 
D) Increase the alpha level 
A) Reject the null hypothesis 
B) Accept the null hypothesis 
C) Reject the alternate hypothesis 
D) Increase the alpha level

Question 2

A researcher has found a relationship that has an effect size of .60.How should the researcher consider this effect size?

Accepted Answer

A) It is a small effect size. 
B) It is a medium effect size. 
C) It is a large effect size. 
D) An effect size of .60 cannot be found. 
A) It is a small effect size. 
B) It is a medium effect size. 
C) It is a large effect size. 
D) An effect size of .60 cannot be found.

Question 3

Which of the following equations correctly describes the relationship among statistical significance, effect size, and sample size?

Accepted Answer

A) Statistical significance = effect size x sample size 
B) Effect size = statistical significance x sample size 
C) Statistical significance = effect size x p-value 
D) Sample size = statistical significance x effect size 
A) Statistical significance = effect size x sample size 
B) Effect size = statistical significance x sample size 
C) Statistical significance = effect size x p-value 
D) Sample size = statistical significance x effect size

Question 4

Which of the following refers to a distribution of events that has two equally likely possibilities?

Accepted Answer

A) The binomial distribution 
B) The sampling distribution of the mean 
C) The effect size statistic 
D) The p-value 
A) The binomial distribution 
B) The sampling distribution of the mean 
C) The effect size statistic 
D) The p-value

Question 5

Beta refers to

Accepted Answer

A) the probability of making a Type 1 error. 
B) the probability of making a Type 2 error. 
C) the p-value. 
D) 1 plus the effect size statistic. 
A) the probability of making a Type 1 error. 
B) the probability of making a Type 2 error. 
C) the p-value. 
D) 1 plus the effect size statistic.

Question 6

Increasing the sample size (N) will increase the statistical significance of a relationship whenever the effect size is

Accepted Answer

A) equal to N. 
B) less than N. 
C) less than zero. 
D) greater than zero. 
A) equal to N. 
B) less than N. 
C) less than zero. 
D) greater than zero.

Question 7

A researcher wishes to avoid making a Type 1 error, so she sets alpha to .01 rather than .05.Which of the following is a disadvantage of this strategy?

Accepted Answer

A) She may miss a relationship that is really there. 
B) She may overestimate her effect size. 
C) She may find too many statistically significant relationships. 
D) She may underestimate her effect size. 
A) She may miss a relationship that is really there. 
B) She may overestimate her effect size. 
C) She may find too many statistically significant relationships. 
D) She may underestimate her effect size.

Question 8

Which of the following will be likely to increase statistical significance?

Accepted Answer

A) A larger sample size 
B) A smaller alpha 
C) A smaller effect size 
D) A two-sided (rather than a one-sided) p-value 
A) A larger sample size 
B) A smaller alpha 
C) A smaller effect size 
D) A two-sided (rather than a one-sided) p-value

Question 9

Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A) When the effect size is greater than zero, smaller Ns produce greater statistical significance. 
B) When the effect size is zero, larger Ns produce greater statistical significance. 
C) The p-value is not a good indicator of relationship size. 
D) The effect size is influenced by sample size. 
A) When the effect size is greater than zero, smaller Ns produce greater statistical significance. 
B) When the effect size is zero, larger Ns produce greater statistical significance. 
C) The p-value is not a good indicator of relationship size. 
D) The effect size is influenced by sample size.

Question 10

As the sample size used in a research project increases,

Accepted Answer

A) statistical significance also increases. 
B) the effect size also increases. 
C) Type I errors also increase. 
D) statistical significance decreases. 
A) statistical significance also increases. 
B) the effect size also increases. 
C) Type I errors also increase. 
D) statistical significance decreases.

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT true about the effect size statistic?

Accepted Answer

A) It is an index of the strength of a relationship. 
B) It is based on the sample size. 
C) It provides information about relationships among variables that the p-value does not. 
D) It can be used to help determine what sample size is needed for a research project. 
A) It is an index of the strength of a relationship. 
B) It is based on the sample size. 
C) It provides information about relationships among variables that the p-value does not. 
D) It can be used to help determine what sample size is needed for a research project.

Question 12

If the one-sided p-value is .02, then the two-sided p-value is

Accepted Answer

A) .01. 
B) .05. 
C) .04. 
D) .08. 
A) .01. 
B) .05. 
C) .04. 
D) .08.

Question 13

Which of the following represents the assumption that the observed data will not differ between experimental conditions, except for differences due to chance?

Accepted Answer

A) The alternate hypothesis 
B) The margin of error 
C) The null hypothesis 
D) The sampling distribution 
A) The alternate hypothesis 
B) The margin of error 
C) The null hypothesis 
D) The sampling distribution

Question 14

The sampling distribution is essentially a picture of

Accepted Answer

A) the research hypothesis. 
B) the effect size. 
C) the null hypothesis. 
D) statistical significance. 
A) the research hypothesis. 
B) the effect size. 
C) the null hypothesis. 
D) statistical significance.

Question 15

The stronger the relationship between two variables,

Accepted Answer

A) the larger the effect size. 
B) the larger the sample size. 
C) the larger the alpha level. 
D) the smaller the correlation coefficient . 
A) the larger the effect size. 
B) the larger the sample size. 
C) the larger the alpha level. 
D) the smaller the correlation coefficient .

Question 16

A Type 1 error occurs when

Accepted Answer

A) we reject the null hypothesis when it is false. 
B) we retain the null hypothesis when it is false. 
C) we reject the null hypothesis when it is true. 
D) we retain the null hypothesis when it is true. 
A) we reject the null hypothesis when it is false. 
B) we retain the null hypothesis when it is false. 
C) we reject the null hypothesis when it is true. 
D) we retain the null hypothesis when it is true.

Question 17

Which of the following is true about the p-value?

Accepted Answer

A) It indicates how many observations have been made. 
B) It indicates whether the result is likely to have occurred by chance. 
C) It indicates the likelihood of having made a Type 1 error. 
D) It indicates the likelihood of having made a Type 2 error. 
A) It indicates how many observations have been made. 
B) It indicates whether the result is likely to have occurred by chance. 
C) It indicates the likelihood of having made a Type 1 error. 
D) It indicates the likelihood of having made a Type 2 error.

If the results of an experiment are determined to be statistically significant, then the experimenter should do which of the following?

A researcher has found a relationship that has an effect size of .60.How should the researcher consider this effect size?

Which of the following equations correctly describes the relationship among statistical significance, effect size, and sample size?

Which of the following refers to a distribution of events that has two equally likely possibilities?

Beta refers to

Increasing the sample size (N) will increase the statistical significance of a relationship whenever the effect size is

A researcher wishes to avoid making a Type 1 error, so she sets alpha to .01 rather than .05.Which of the following is a disadvantage of this strategy?

Which of the following will be likely to increase statistical significance?

Which of the following statements is true?

As the sample size used in a research project increases,

Which of the following is NOT true about the effect size statistic?

If the one-sided p-value is .02, then the two-sided p-value is

Which of the following represents the assumption that the observed data will not differ between experimental conditions, except for differences due to chance?

The sampling distribution is essentially a picture of

The stronger the relationship between two variables,

A Type 1 error occurs when

Which of the following is true about the p-value?

Introduction to Research and Research Designs

The Research Hypothesis

Ethics in Research

Measures

Reliability and Validity

Surveys and Sampling

Naturalistic Methods

Correlational Research Designs

Experimental Research: One-Way Designs

Experimental Research: Factorial Designs

Experimental Control and Internal Validity

External Validity

Quasi-Experimental Research Designs

Reporting Research Results

Data Preparation and Univariate Statistics

Bivariate Statistics

Multivariate Statistics

Filters

Exam 8: Hypothesis Testing and Inferential Statistics

If the results of an experiment are determined to be statistically significant, then the experimenter should do which of the following?

A researcher has found a relationship that has an effect size of .60.How should the researcher consider this effect size?

Which of the following equations correctly describes the relationship among statistical significance, effect size, and sample size?

Which of the following refers to a distribution of events that has two equally likely possibilities?

Beta refers to

Increasing the sample size (N) will increase the statistical significance of a relationship whenever the effect size is

A researcher wishes to avoid making a Type 1 error, so she sets alpha to .01 rather than .05.Which of the following is a disadvantage of this strategy?

Which of the following will be likely to increase statistical significance?

Which of the following statements is true?

As the sample size used in a research project increases,

Which of the following is NOT true about the effect size statistic?

If the one-sided p-value is .02, then the two-sided p-value is

Which of the following represents the assumption that the observed data will not differ between experimental conditions, except for differences due to chance?

The sampling distribution is essentially a picture of

The stronger the relationship between two variables,

A Type 1 error occurs when

Which of the following is true about the p-value?

Introduction to Research and Research Designs

The Research Hypothesis

Ethics in Research

Measures

Reliability and Validity

Surveys and Sampling

Naturalistic Methods

Correlational Research Designs

Experimental Research: One-Way Designs

Experimental Research: Factorial Designs

Experimental Control and Internal Validity

External Validity

Quasi-Experimental Research Designs

Reporting Research Results

Data Preparation and Univariate Statistics

Bivariate Statistics

Multivariate Statistics

Filters