Question 1

It is not usually a good idea to rely upon people's intuition about the causes of behavior because

Accepted Answer

A) people cannot report on their intuition. 
B) people don't usually tell the truth. 
C) people can be inaccurate about why they do what they do. 
D) intuition is too much related to extrasensory perception. 
A) people cannot report on their intuition. 
B) people don't usually tell the truth. 
C) people can be inaccurate about why they do what they do. 
D) intuition is too much related to extrasensory perception.

Question 2

Behavioral scientists believe that the best tool for understanding human behavior is to

Accepted Answer

A) pay close attention to the beliefs of experts. 
B) conduct empirical research. 
C) combine the ideas of many people into systematic statements. 
D) ask individuals about their personal habits. 
A) pay close attention to the beliefs of experts. 
B) conduct empirical research. 
C) combine the ideas of many people into systematic statements. 
D) ask individuals about their personal habits.

Question 3

A causal relationship can only be inferred through the use of which type of research?

Accepted Answer

A) Descriptive research 
B) Relational research 
C) Experimental research 
D) Causal research 
A) Descriptive research 
B) Relational research 
C) Experimental research 
D) Causal research

Question 4

A research design is

Accepted Answer

A) a specific method used to collect, analyze, and interpret data. 
B) an approach to thinking about causal relationships. 
C) a type of correlational study. 
D) a method of applied research. 
A) a specific method used to collect, analyze, and interpret data. 
B) an approach to thinking about causal relationships. 
C) a type of correlational study. 
D) a method of applied research.

Question 5

A disadvantage of experimental research designs is that

Accepted Answer

A) there are some things that can cannot be experimentally manipulated. 
B) they are often conducted in schools and institutions. 
C) causal relationships are difficult to determine. 
D) they use a measured dependent variable. 
A) there are some things that can cannot be experimentally manipulated. 
B) they are often conducted in schools and institutions. 
C) causal relationships are difficult to determine. 
D) they use a measured dependent variable.

Question 6

Behavioral scientists draw conclusions about human behavior primarily by

Accepted Answer

A) analyzing the statements of other scientists. 
B) reading journal articles. 
C) using intuition. 
D) collecting and analyzing data. 
A) analyzing the statements of other scientists. 
B) reading journal articles. 
C) using intuition. 
D) collecting and analyzing data.

Question 7

In research by Nisbett and Wilson, research participants read information about a woman who spilled coffee during a job interview.The surprising finding of this study was that

Accepted Answer

A) research participants were quite accurate in indicating why they liked or did not like the applicant. 
B) although the research participants believed that spilling coffee made them like the applicant less, it actually made them like her more. 
C) although the research participants did not know it, spilling coffee actually made them like the woman less. 
D) there was no observed relationship between the spilling of coffee and the research participants' liking of the woman. 
A) research participants were quite accurate in indicating why they liked or did not like the applicant. 
B) although the research participants believed that spilling coffee made them like the applicant less, it actually made them like her more. 
C) although the research participants did not know it, spilling coffee actually made them like the woman less. 
D) there was no observed relationship between the spilling of coffee and the research participants' liking of the woman.

Question 8

Research designed to provide a picture of the current state of affairs is known as

Accepted Answer

A) applied research. 
B) basic research. 
C) relational research. 
D) descriptive research. 
A) applied research. 
B) basic research. 
C) relational research. 
D) descriptive research.

Question 9

When Giwanda begins studying for her research methods test, she uses the strategy of making flash cards, reading the textbook carefully, quizzing with her study mates, and being sure to get a good night's sleep the night before the test.Giwanda's approach to studying could be considered a type of

Accepted Answer

A) experimental research design. 
B) descriptive research design. 
C) converging operations. 
D) applied research. 
A) experimental research design. 
B) descriptive research design. 
C) converging operations. 
D) applied research.

Question 10

The major difference between scientists and others who study social behavior is that scientists

Accepted Answer

A) are more expert about human behavior. 
B) use an empirical approach. 
C) have more valid personal experiences. 
D) take a more logical approach. 
A) are more expert about human behavior. 
B) use an empirical approach. 
C) have more valid personal experiences. 
D) take a more logical approach.

Question 11

Scientific research is empirical.This means that it is based on

Accepted Answer

A) rational reflection. 
B) logical reasoning. 
C) systematic collection and analysis of data. 
D) prior theorizing. 
A) rational reflection. 
B) logical reasoning. 
C) systematic collection and analysis of data. 
D) prior theorizing.

Question 12

One of the most important uses of behavioral research is to

Accepted Answer

A) prevent unwanted technological development. 
B) change the moral behavior of individuals. 
C) study and provide solutions to important human problems. 
D) discipline scientists who conduct unethical research. 
A) prevent unwanted technological development. 
B) change the moral behavior of individuals. 
C) study and provide solutions to important human problems. 
D) discipline scientists who conduct unethical research.

Question 13

What type of research design would most likely be used to study whether the seating positions that students choose predict their final grade in the class?

Accepted Answer

A) Descriptive 
B) Correlational 
C) Experimental 
D) Basic 
A) Descriptive 
B) Correlational 
C) Experimental 
D) Basic

Question 14

A survey that reports the average income of all citizens in Washington, D.C.is most likely an example of

Accepted Answer

A) correlational research. 
B) descriptive research. 
C) naturalistic observation. 
D) experimental research. 
A) correlational research. 
B) descriptive research. 
C) naturalistic observation. 
D) experimental research.

Question 15

Statements that are based on a systematic collection and analysis of data are called

Accepted Answer

A) value-laden. 
B) empirical. 
C) subjective. 
D) rational. 
A) value-laden. 
B) empirical. 
C) subjective. 
D) rational.

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT accomplished by the scientific method?

Accepted Answer

A) The collective data are reported so that they can be scrutinized by the public and by other scientists. 
B) People can use the reported data to draw their own conclusions. 
C) The scientist makes clear exactly how he or she has collected the data. 
D) There is no longer any question about how to interpret data. 
A) The collective data are reported so that they can be scrutinized by the public and by other scientists. 
B) People can use the reported data to draw their own conclusions. 
C) The scientist makes clear exactly how he or she has collected the data. 
D) There is no longer any question about how to interpret data.

Question 17

The basic goal of behavioral research is to

Accepted Answer

A) change how people interact with each other. 
B) make scientific research more like philosophy. 
C) study the behavior of humans and animals. 
D) change political attitudes. 
A) change how people interact with each other. 
B) make scientific research more like philosophy. 
C) study the behavior of humans and animals. 
D) change political attitudes.

Question 18

In the research by Brendl, Chattopadhyay, Pelham, and Carvallo (2005) on preference for letters of one's own name, the participants drank two teas, one that contained letters of their own name and one that contained letters of another person's name.This systematic variation, which was created by the research, means that the research was which of the followingt?

Accepted Answer

A) Observational research 
B) Correlational research 
C) Experimental research 
D) Applied research 
A) Observational research 
B) Correlational research 
C) Experimental research 
D) Applied research

Question 19

One of the important goals of science is to

Accepted Answer

A) make the research process entirely objective and to not allow the values of the scientist to be involved. 
B) to help distinguish which part of the research process is objective and which part is subjective. 
C) to turn applied research into basic research. 
D) to make behavioral research more like research in the natural sciences. 
A) make the research process entirely objective and to not allow the values of the scientist to be involved. 
B) to help distinguish which part of the research process is objective and which part is subjective. 
C) to turn applied research into basic research. 
D) to make behavioral research more like research in the natural sciences.

Question 20

Which of the following is predicted by the hindsight bias?

Accepted Answer

A) People will perceive that time goes by faster as they get older. 
B) It will be easier to remember events that happened in the recent past than to remember events that happened a long time ago. 
C) Events that have already occurred will be judged as being more likely to have occurred than they would have been before they occurred. 
D) Events that are easy to imagine will be judged as being more likely than events that are less easy to imagine. 
A) People will perceive that time goes by faster as they get older. 
B) It will be easier to remember events that happened in the recent past than to remember events that happened a long time ago. 
C) Events that have already occurred will be judged as being more likely to have occurred than they would have been before they occurred. 
D) Events that are easy to imagine will be judged as being more likely than events that are less easy to imagine.

It is not usually a good idea to rely upon people's intuition about the causes of behavior because

Behavioral scientists believe that the best tool for understanding human behavior is to

A causal relationship can only be inferred through the use of which type of research?

A research design is

A disadvantage of experimental research designs is that

Behavioral scientists draw conclusions about human behavior primarily by

In research by Nisbett and Wilson, research participants read information about a woman who spilled coffee during a job interview.The surprising finding of this study was that

Research designed to provide a picture of the current state of affairs is known as

When Giwanda begins studying for her research methods test, she uses the strategy of making flash cards, reading the textbook carefully, quizzing with her study mates, and being sure to get a good night's sleep the night before the test.Giwanda's approach to studying could be considered a type of

The major difference between scientists and others who study social behavior is that scientists

Scientific research is empirical.This means that it is based on

One of the most important uses of behavioral research is to

What type of research design would most likely be used to study whether the seating positions that students choose predict their final grade in the class?

A survey that reports the average income of all citizens in Washington, D.C.is most likely an example of

Statements that are based on a systematic collection and analysis of data are called

Which of the following is NOT accomplished by the scientific method?

The basic goal of behavioral research is to

One of the important goals of science is to

Which of the following is predicted by the hindsight bias?

The Research Hypothesis

Ethics in Research

Measures

Reliability and Validity

Surveys and Sampling

Naturalistic Methods

Hypothesis Testing and Inferential Statistics

Correlational Research Designs

Experimental Research: One-Way Designs

Experimental Research: Factorial Designs

Experimental Control and Internal Validity

External Validity

Quasi-Experimental Research Designs

Reporting Research Results

Data Preparation and Univariate Statistics

Bivariate Statistics

Multivariate Statistics

Filters

Exam 1: Introduction to Research and Research Designs

It is not usually a good idea to rely upon people's intuition about the causes of behavior because

Behavioral scientists believe that the best tool for understanding human behavior is to

A causal relationship can only be inferred through the use of which type of research?

A research design is

A disadvantage of experimental research designs is that

Behavioral scientists draw conclusions about human behavior primarily by

In research by Nisbett and Wilson, research participants read information about a woman who spilled coffee during a job interview.The surprising finding of this study was that

Research designed to provide a picture of the current state of affairs is known as

When Giwanda begins studying for her research methods test, she uses the strategy of making flash cards, reading the textbook carefully, quizzing with her study mates, and being sure to get a good night's sleep the night before the test.Giwanda's approach to studying could be considered a type of

The major difference between scientists and others who study social behavior is that scientists

Scientific research is empirical.This means that it is based on

One of the most important uses of behavioral research is to

What type of research design would most likely be used to study whether the seating positions that students choose predict their final grade in the class?

A survey that reports the average income of all citizens in Washington, D.C.is most likely an example of

Statements that are based on a systematic collection and analysis of data are called

Which of the following is NOT accomplished by the scientific method?

The basic goal of behavioral research is to

One of the important goals of science is to

Which of the following is predicted by the hindsight bias?

The Research Hypothesis

Ethics in Research

Measures

Reliability and Validity

Surveys and Sampling

Naturalistic Methods

Hypothesis Testing and Inferential Statistics

Correlational Research Designs

Experimental Research: One-Way Designs

Experimental Research: Factorial Designs

Experimental Control and Internal Validity

External Validity

Quasi-Experimental Research Designs

Reporting Research Results

Data Preparation and Univariate Statistics

Bivariate Statistics

Multivariate Statistics

Filters