Question 1

Why are the youngest mountains formed either in the circum Pacific belt or the Alps- Himalayas belt?

Accepted Answer

A)  Because this is where the oldest and strongest rocks are exposed. 
B)  Because these are the stable shield areas. 
C)  These are the regions with the greatest political pressure. 
D)  These are areas of maximum plate convergence today. 
A)  Because this is where the oldest and strongest rocks are exposed. 
B)  Because these are the stable shield areas. 
C)  These are the regions with the greatest political pressure. 
D)  These are areas of maximum plate convergence today.

Question 2

___________was an a Scottish physician and farmer who wrote Theory of the Earth and is credited with being the father of modern geology because he was the first to promote the theories of uniformitarianism and the vastness of geologic time.

Accepted Answer

A)  Charles Lyell 
B)  James Ussher 
C)  James Hutton 
D)  William Stokes 
A)  Charles Lyell 
B)  James Ussher 
C)  James Hutton 
D)  William Stokes

Question 3

The series of processes by which one rock type can transform to another, and record Earth's internal or external past environmental conditions as it does so, is called _____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the Wilson cycle 
B)  the tricycle 
C)  the rock cycle 
D)  the uniformitarian cycle 
A)  the Wilson cycle 
B)  the tricycle 
C)  the rock cycle 
D)  the uniformitarian cycle

Question 4

Observing Earth from beyond the moon's orbit, the most apparent features are___________ .

Accepted Answer

A)  vast areas of ocean and swirling cloud patterns 
B)  plumes of erupting volcanoes 
C)  the boundaries between the continents and the oceans 
D)  white polar ice caps, green rain forests and brown deserts 
A)  vast areas of ocean and swirling cloud patterns 
B)  plumes of erupting volcanoes 
C)  the boundaries between the continents and the oceans 
D)  white polar ice caps, green rain forests and brown deserts

Question 5

Compared to the age of Earth accepted as correct today, how did 17th and 18th century proponents of catastrophism envision the Earth's age?

Accepted Answer

A)  They believed Earth to be much older than it really is. 
B)  They believed Earth to be a few hundred years younger than it really is. 
C)  They accepted Bishop Ussher's calculation but explained the differences in landforms and geology by violent catastrophes. 
D)  They were right on the money, give or take a few million years. 
A)  They believed Earth to be much older than it really is. 
B)  They believed Earth to be a few hundred years younger than it really is. 
C)  They accepted Bishop Ussher's calculation but explained the differences in landforms and geology by violent catastrophes. 
D)  They were right on the money, give or take a few million years.

Question 6

The thin, outer layer of Earth, from 7 to 40 km in thickness, is called the___________ .

Accepted Answer

The answer of The thin, outer layer of Earth, from...

Question 7

Ocean crust is generally lower in elevation ______________.

Accepted Answer

A)  entirely because of the great weight of the overlying sea water 
B)  and relatively featureless due to flat seafloor and sediments that drape everything 
C)  averaging about 380 metres below sea level 
D)  and contains prominent ridges, chains of volcanoes, deep canyons, and large plateaus 
A)  entirely because of the great weight of the overlying sea water 
B)  and relatively featureless due to flat seafloor and sediments that drape everything 
C)  averaging about 380 metres below sea level 
D)  and contains prominent ridges, chains of volcanoes, deep canyons, and large plateaus

Question 8

Shallowest to deepest, the primary compositional layers within the Earth are _________.

Accepted Answer

A)  crust, mantle and core 
B)  basalt, crust, mantle, asthenosphere, core 
C)  lithosphere, asthenosphere, mesosphere, outer core, inner core 
D)  sedimentary, metamorphic and igneous 
A)  crust, mantle and core 
B)  basalt, crust, mantle, asthenosphere, core 
C)  lithosphere, asthenosphere, mesosphere, outer core, inner core 
D)  sedimentary, metamorphic and igneous

Question 9

_____________involves the study of Earth's origin and development through time based on sequences of strata, fossils, and geologic events, utilizing the geologic time scale as a reference.

Accepted Answer

A)  Physical geology 
B)  Uniformitarianism 
C)  Catastrophism 
D)  Historical geology 
A)  Physical geology 
B)  Uniformitarianism 
C)  Catastrophism 
D)  Historical geology

Question 10

What was Wegener's dramatic paleoclimatic evidence linking all of the southern hemisphere continents between 300 and 220 million years ago?

Accepted Answer

A)  massive reef limestones in Alberta and the Eastern Arctic 
B)  tropical Carboniferous coal swamps across the Northern Hemisphere, particularly the Eastern U.S. and central Europe, where the fossil trees lacked annual growth rings 
C)  massive crossbedded red sandstones suggesting former tropical deserts 
D)  striated and grooved bedrock overlain by Paleozoic tillites in South American and African areas now within 30° of the equator 
A)  massive reef limestones in Alberta and the Eastern Arctic 
B)  tropical Carboniferous coal swamps across the Northern Hemisphere, particularly the Eastern U.S. and central Europe, where the fossil trees lacked annual growth rings 
C)  massive crossbedded red sandstones suggesting former tropical deserts 
D)  striated and grooved bedrock overlain by Paleozoic tillites in South American and African areas now within 30° of the equator

Question 11

The Phanerozoic Eon corresponding to the age of complex multicellular life as recorded in fossils encompasses ___________.

Accepted Answer

A)  only the first 50 million years of the Cambrian Period 
B)  the first 4.6 billion years of Earth history 
C)  only the latest 56 million years of Earth history 
D)  roughly the last 12% of Earth history 
A)  only the first 50 million years of the Cambrian Period 
B)  the first 4.6 billion years of Earth history 
C)  only the latest 56 million years of Earth history 
D)  roughly the last 12% of Earth history

Question 12

The_______ division of the geologic time scale is an era of the Phanerozoic Eon.

Accepted Answer

A)  Proterozoic 
B)  Permian 
C)  Paleozoic 
D)  Paleocene 
A)  Proterozoic 
B)  Permian 
C)  Paleozoic 
D)  Paleocene

Question 13

Pangaea was____________ .

Accepted Answer

A)  a huge mountain range that formed when Africa pushed northward into Europe in Eocene time 
B)  a large, ocean basin that opened in the Triassic and closed in the Paleocene 
C)  a large, Precambrian shield area in Africa and South America that broke apart late in the Proterozoic Eon 
D)  a super continent that formed in the late Paleozoic and broke apart in Triassic time 
A)  a huge mountain range that formed when Africa pushed northward into Europe in Eocene time 
B)  a large, ocean basin that opened in the Triassic and closed in the Paleocene 
C)  a large, Precambrian shield area in Africa and South America that broke apart late in the Proterozoic Eon 
D)  a super continent that formed in the late Paleozoic and broke apart in Triassic time

Question 14

The world population is currently growing at about +__________ people per year.

Accepted Answer

A)  10 million 
B)  10 billion 
C)  100 million 
D)  1 billion 
A)  10 million 
B)  10 billion 
C)  100 million 
D)  1 billion

Question 15

The oceanic crust is made of mafic rock called _________and is about _________thick on average.

Accepted Answer

A)  granite, 35- 40 km 
B)  basalt, 7 km 
C)  basalt, 70 km 
D)  marine sedimentary rocks, 25 km 
A)  granite, 35- 40 km 
B)  basalt, 7 km 
C)  basalt, 70 km 
D)  marine sedimentary rocks, 25 km

Question 16

The __________forms the relatively cool, brittle plates of plate tectonics.

Accepted Answer

A)  astrosphere 
B)  eosphere 
C)  lithosphere 
D)  asthenosphere 
A)  astrosphere 
B)  eosphere 
C)  lithosphere 
D)  asthenosphere

Question 17

The __________proposes that the bodies of our solar system formed at essentially the same time from a rotating cloud of gases and dust.

Accepted Answer

A)  Heliocentric theory 
B)  Nebular hypothesis 
C)  Big Bang theory 
D)  Plate Tectonics theory 
A)  Heliocentric theory 
B)  Nebular hypothesis 
C)  Big Bang theory 
D)  Plate Tectonics theory

Question 18

"The physical, chemical and biological processes that operate today have operated throughout geologic time" is a restatement of James Hutton's theory of_______ .

Accepted Answer

A)  uniformitarianism 
B)  gradualism 
C)  catastrophism 
D)  recidivism 
A)  uniformitarianism 
B)  gradualism 
C)  catastrophism 
D)  recidivism

Question 19

The Earth's atmosphere serves to____________ .

Accepted Answer

A)  protect us from alien invasion 
B)  generate Earth's gravitational field 
C)  generate Earth's magnetic field 
D)  reduce ultraviolet radiation, trap solar heat, and regulate climate 
A)  protect us from alien invasion 
B)  generate Earth's gravitational field 
C)  generate Earth's magnetic field 
D)  reduce ultraviolet radiation, trap solar heat, and regulate climate

Question 20

The natural chemical and mechanical decomposition of rocks at Earth's surface is termed________ .

Accepted Answer

A)  weathering 
B)  decrepitation 
C)  de- lithification 
D)  solifluction 
A)  weathering 
B)  decrepitation 
C)  de- lithification 
D)  solifluction

Why are the youngest mountains formed either in the circum Pacific belt or the Alps- Himalayas belt?

___________was an a Scottish physician and farmer who wrote Theory of the Earth and is credited with being the father of modern geology because he was the first to promote the theories of uniformitarianism and the vastness of geologic time.

The series of processes by which one rock type can transform to another, and record Earth's internal or external past environmental conditions as it does so, is called _____________.

Observing Earth from beyond the moon's orbit, the most apparent features are___________ .

Compared to the age of Earth accepted as correct today, how did 17th and 18th century proponents of catastrophism envision the Earth's age?

The thin, outer layer of Earth, from 7 to 40 km in thickness, is called the___________ .

Ocean crust is generally lower in elevation ______________.

Shallowest to deepest, the primary compositional layers within the Earth are _________.

_____________involves the study of Earth's origin and development through time based on sequences of strata, fossils, and geologic events, utilizing the geologic time scale as a reference.

What was Wegener's dramatic paleoclimatic evidence linking all of the southern hemisphere continents between 300 and 220 million years ago?

The Phanerozoic Eon corresponding to the age of complex multicellular life as recorded in fossils encompasses ___________.

The_______ division of the geologic time scale is an era of the Phanerozoic Eon.

Pangaea was____________ .

The world population is currently growing at about +__________ people per year.

The oceanic crust is made of mafic rock called _and is about _thick on average.

The __________forms the relatively cool, brittle plates of plate tectonics.

The __________proposes that the bodies of our solar system formed at essentially the same time from a rotating cloud of gases and dust.

"The physical, chemical and biological processes that operate today have operated throughout geologic time" is a restatement of James Hutton's theory of_______ .

The Earth's atmosphere serves to____________ .

The natural chemical and mechanical decomposition of rocks at Earth's surface is termed________ .

Minerals: the Building Blocks of Rocks

Igneous Rocks

Volcanoes and Volcanic Processes

Weathering and Soil

Sedimentary Rocks

Metamorphism and Metamorphic Rocks

Geologic Time

Crustal Deformation

Earthquakes and Earths Interior

The Ocean Floor

Plate Tectonics: the Framework for Modern Geology

Mountain Building and Continental Frameworks

Mass Wasting: the Work of Gravity

Running Water

Groundwater

Glaciers and Glaciation

Deserts and Winds

Shorelines

Mineral and Energy Resources

Filters

Exam 1: An Introduction to Geology and Plate Tectonics

Why are the youngest mountains formed either in the circum Pacific belt or the Alps- Himalayas belt?

___________was an a Scottish physician and farmer who wrote Theory of the Earth and is credited with being the father of modern geology because he was the first to promote the theories of uniformitarianism and the vastness of geologic time.

The series of processes by which one rock type can transform to another, and record Earth's internal or external past environmental conditions as it does so, is called _____________.

Observing Earth from beyond the moon's orbit, the most apparent features are___________ .

Compared to the age of Earth accepted as correct today, how did 17th and 18th century proponents of catastrophism envision the Earth's age?

The thin, outer layer of Earth, from 7 to 40 km in thickness, is called the___________ .

Ocean crust is generally lower in elevation ______________.

Shallowest to deepest, the primary compositional layers within the Earth are _________.

_____________involves the study of Earth's origin and development through time based on sequences of strata, fossils, and geologic events, utilizing the geologic time scale as a reference.

What was Wegener's dramatic paleoclimatic evidence linking all of the southern hemisphere continents between 300 and 220 million years ago?

The Phanerozoic Eon corresponding to the age of complex multicellular life as recorded in fossils encompasses ___________.

The_______ division of the geologic time scale is an era of the Phanerozoic Eon.

Pangaea was____________ .

The world population is currently growing at about +__________ people per year.

The oceanic crust is made of mafic rock called _________and is about _________thick on average.

The __________forms the relatively cool, brittle plates of plate tectonics.

The __________proposes that the bodies of our solar system formed at essentially the same time from a rotating cloud of gases and dust.

"The physical, chemical and biological processes that operate today have operated throughout geologic time" is a restatement of James Hutton's theory of_______ .

The Earth's atmosphere serves to____________ .

The natural chemical and mechanical decomposition of rocks at Earth's surface is termed________ .

Minerals: the Building Blocks of Rocks

Igneous Rocks

Volcanoes and Volcanic Processes

Weathering and Soil

Sedimentary Rocks

Metamorphism and Metamorphic Rocks

Geologic Time

Crustal Deformation

Earthquakes and Earths Interior

The Ocean Floor

Plate Tectonics: the Framework for Modern Geology

Mountain Building and Continental Frameworks

Mass Wasting: the Work of Gravity

Running Water

Groundwater

Glaciers and Glaciation

Deserts and Winds

Shorelines

Mineral and Energy Resources

Filters

The oceanic crust is made of mafic rock called _and is about _thick on average.