Exam 8: Cognitive Approaches to Learning

Which of the following are the two main categories of long-term memories?

With regard to facilitating students' retrieval, this refers how easily stored information can be retrieved.

Gaining access to information stored in memory.

The parallel distributed processing (PDP) model focuses on the ways declarative and procedural knowledge are combined via a series of connections among elements.

Proactive interference is forgetting what occurs when the interfering material precedes the to-be-remembered material.

People can represent information both in the form of mental images and in the form of mental propositions is represented in which of the following?

Knowing that George Washington was the first president of the United States is part of which memory system?

Propositional networks are schematic integrations of interrelated propositions.

Learning that is crammed, occurring all at one time.

Stereotypical story outlines for how events typically proceed.

According to this model, memory does not comprise three or even any specific number of separate stores. Instead, storage varies along a continuous dimension in terms of depth of encoding.

The ways in which knowledge is stored in memory.

Suppose the main exports of a given country are olive oil, cheese, automobiles, and designer dresses. You might ask students to imagine as vividly as possible a bottle of olive oil driving an automobile, wearing a designer dress, and eating a piece of cheese.

Capable of holding relatively large amounts of information for brief moments of time.

Billy, a young piano student is told to use "Every Good Boy Does Fine" to memorize the notes on lines (E-G-B-D-F) of the treble clef in music. Billy's piano teacher is using which of the following techniques?

Any relatively permanent change in thought or behavior that occurs as a result of experience is termed memory.

Learning through repetition with little attempt to add or find meaning in the information, is sometimes known as

Ms. Campbell's sixth graders were assigned to learn about the turn of the century and the world's fair in San Francisco by deciding which exhibits at the fair they would have enjoyed most and which they would have enjoyed least. The technique Ms. Campbell chose took advantage of which of the following?

"Learning the situation" in a culturally relative context.

Two basic types of memory tasks you will undoubtedly use when you evaluate students' learning.