Exam 7: Behavioral Approaches to Learning

Changing students' behavior by managing the contingencies, or consequences, of that behavior.

Learning produced by the rewards and punishments of active behavior of a human or other organism interacting with the environment.

A student who receives a star EVERY time she raises her hand is on which schedule of reinforcement?

The filter between the vast amounts of information that assail our senses to the relatively limited amount of information we actually perceive.

Mark misbehaved in class and as a result has lost recess privileges for the day. Mark has received which of the following?

A positive reinforcer is a reward that precedes an operant and increases the likelihood of that operant occurring again.

What do behavioral theories of learning emphasize?

The application of an aversive, or unpleasant stimulus that decreases the probability of a response.

When the CS is repeatedly presented without the US, which of the following occurs?

Classical conditioning has been used to curtail coyote attacks on sheep. Fresh mutton is tainted with a poison that causes dizziness and nausea. After a while, just the smell of sheep sends the coyotes running away. In this example, what is the CR?

A mechanism by which organisms are able to distinguish between the conditioned stimulus, which elicits a conditioned response, and other stimuli, which do not elicit the conditioned response.

Stimuli that produce negative emotional responses are called aversive stimuli.

Brian disrupted the class, and his teacher sent him to the principal's office. This is an example of which of the following behavioral concepts?

Classical conditioning is a learning process in which an originally neutral stimulus becomes associated with a particular physiological or emotional response-or both-that the stimulus did not originally produce

The concept of social learning first came to prominence through the work of _________.

The Premack principle is also known as which of the following?

Events that precede an operant behavior and serve to predict the consequences of that behavior.

A hungry worker is given lunch when he completes a task. "Lunch" is an example of which of the following?

Another term for operant conditioning.

Who studied cats in puzzle boxes?