Exam 9: Lifespan Development

The postconventional level in Kohlberg's theory of moral reasoning is characterized by moral reasoning that is guidedby internalized legal and moral principles concerned with the protection of the rights of all members of society.

In an experiment, it was found that newborn rats who were genetically predisposed to be calm and stress-resistant grew upto be nervous, high-strung, and easily stressed adult rats when raised by genetically unrelated, inattentive mothers. The explanation for these results was that:

Parents who are demanding but unresponsive to their children's needs are called _____, while parents who are demanding yet responsive to their children's needs are called_____.

Phenotype is to genotype as:

In regards to temperament, about _____ of babies cannot be categorized as either easy, difficult, or slow-to-warm-up because they do not fit neatly into any of these categories.

Babies typically learn to sit up without support before they learn to roll over.

Stressful family environments can activate some of the same hormones that are involved in activating puberty, leading to earlier maturation in some adolescents.

Michelle has freckles. It is likely that she inherited:

The term ventrodorsal trend refers to the fact that physical and motor skill development in infants tends to follow a "topto bottom" sequence.

When Cheryl learned that her grandfather was nearing death,she expected him to express anger and fear. Instead, she was surprised to hear him speak in a matter-of-fact way about arrangements for his funeral. Cheryl's grandfather's attitude toward death:

Connor and Mandy are two unrelated 13-month-old infants.Connor can already walk easily, but Mandy has yet to take her first steps. What is the most likely explanation for the difference between their ability levels?

Psychologists and neuroscientists have successfully identified the hormonal peaks and surges that are now known to be responsible for the mood swings, impulsiveness, and risk-taking behaviors that are common among adolescents.

According to developmental psychologist Jerome Kagan, there are two broad temperamental patterns, which are:

Examples of teratogens include alcohol, cocaine, heroin, and industrial chemicals such as PCBs and mercury.

At every age and stage of life, _____ psychologists investigate the influence of multiple factors on how people change physically, mentally, and socially, including biological,environmental, social, cultural, and behavioral factors.

Kohlberg and his colleagues eventually dropped stage 6 fromhis theory of moral reasoning because longitudinal research showed that none of the participants showed stage 6 moral reasoning, and that clear-cut expressions of "universal moral principles" are very rare.

Throughout any given person's lifespan, there is ongoing interaction between hereditary and environmental factors, each influencing the other.

Stem cells are:

In the final stage of Erik Erikson's theory, the key psychosocial task facing people in late adulthood is egointegrity versus despair.

Compare and contrast the views of Jean Piaget and LevVy gotsky on the cognitive development of children.