Exam 8: Cognitive Views of Learning

In order to avoid confusing entomology (the study of insects) with etymology (the study of the history of words), Vicky associates the sound "end" of entomology with the sound "in" of insects. What specific type of mnemonic is she using?

The three stages in the development of an automated skill are cognitive, associative, and ________.

The use of imagery techniques of learning, such as the keyword method, seems most appropriate for what age group?

Cliff is good at solving math problems, but has difficulty solving problems in his computer class. His problem-solving ability in math represents what type of knowledge?

According to current cognitive theories, information may be lost from long-term memory in all of the following ways EXCEPT by

Marc starts talking to Joyce about the field trip to the zoo, which reminds him of the book he read on tigers last week. He concludes by telling Joyce that the new library is very easy to use. This phenomenon illustrates the concept of

Dr. Beach used to be a typical 'absent minded professor.' However, she found that she could remember the things her husband asked her to pick up at the grocery store by imagining the items she needed placed on her desk, bookshelf, and file cabinet. The mnemonic device that she used is

Information may be lost from working memory by decay or ________.

Stephen listened to the agent explain the process of filing a claim with the company, getting an estimate on the damage, and getting his car repaired. He counted about six steps as the agent talked. He made mental notes about the steps he needed to follow and repeated them to the agent. Now he is trying to keep these steps in his working memory as he drives his damaged car home. He doesn't have his phone or other electronics for making notes and he's tight on time. Describe two different procedures Stephen might use to keep the information activated in his working memory. Explain pros and cons of each strategy.

A jogger is startled by the feeling of a moving object on his right side. It could have been a ferocious dog, but it turns out to be a newspaper page blown by the wind. What memory component was most directly involved?

Based on guidelines for gaining and maintaining students' attention, which of the following teachers is using an effective strategy?

Morgandi has been helping her mother cook since she was a preschooler. In cooking, she has learned to use various measuring tools. She has doubled recipes and halved recipes using measuring cups and spoons and has learned to use fractions in this context. Her twin brother Eric is just as smart as Morgandi, but he has never used fractions. Yesterday, the teacher started the unit about fractions in math class. Compare the learning process for Morgandi and Eric during the unit on fractions in math class. From a cognitive perspective, explain the differences.

A story grammar is a type of schema for text.

Consciously applied skills of organizing thoughts and actions to reach a learning goal are called domain-specific strategies.

A prototype is a false instance of a concept.

While taking his final exam, Jerry recalled one item of information that caused him to remember another piece of information related to the question. What phenomenon has he just experienced?