Question 1

Mrs. Lever allows Nathaniel to be the first to leave the uncomfortable bus because he has behaved so well on the trip. The technique being used is

Accepted Answer

A)  cueing. 
B)  negative reinforcement. 
C)  positive practice. 
D)  shaping. 
A)  cueing. 
B)  negative reinforcement. 
C)  positive practice. 
D)  shaping. B

Question 2

Behavioural theories of learning emphasize

Accepted Answer

A)  development. 
B)  nature over nurture. 
C)  observable behaviours. 
D)  thinking. 
A)  development. 
B)  nature over nurture. 
C)  observable behaviours. 
D)  thinking. C

Question 3

The form of punishment in which people lose a reinforcer (e.g., privileges, time, money etc.) is called ________.

Accepted Answer

response cost

Question 4

Treena is a bright and personable girl in your sixth-grade class. A large part of your classroom activities involve class participation through questioning and recitation. Treena, however, never raises her hand and, when called on, "freezes" and often says nothing. You notice that she is social with friends. Her shyness seems restricted to speaking before a group. Discussion with her fifth-grade teacher indicates that the same behaviour took place last year. To help Treena become less inhibited about answering in class, you consider possible strategies or principles suggested by behavioural theories. Describe how each of the following approaches might be used in a behavioural plan designed to help her.
-Classical conditioning

Accepted Answer

Treena has learned to associate speaking

Question 5

Shaping is an appropriate method for developing new behaviour when

Accepted Answer

A)  no appropriate reinforcers can be found. 
B)  performance is otherwise too poor to gain reinforcement. 
C)  students are capable of the behaviour but seldom perform it. 
D)  there is no one available to model the appropriate behaviour. 
A)  no appropriate reinforcers can be found. 
B)  performance is otherwise too poor to gain reinforcement. 
C)  students are capable of the behaviour but seldom perform it. 
D)  there is no one available to model the appropriate behaviour.

Question 6

What schedule of reinforcement is most likely to be involved when teachers give "pop" quizzes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fixed-interval 
B)  Fixed-ratio 
C)  Variable-interval 
D)  Variable-ratio 
A)  Fixed-interval 
B)  Fixed-ratio 
C)  Variable-interval 
D)  Variable-ratio

Question 7

Negative reinforcement introduces an aversive stimulus to decrease the frequency of a behaviour.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Kelly is a ninth grader with above-average abilities. He earns "Bs" in all of his subjects, except for biology, which he barely manages to pass. As his biology teacher, you have tried to help him many times, but you have observed no real progress. Kelly tells you that he has difficulty doing his homework because of anxieties and basic "resistance" to the subject. He simply doesn't know how to get started and stares at the question until he gives up and puts the homework assignment away.
-Explain why (or why not) such strategies as token reinforcement and contingency contracting might help Kelly's situation.

Accepted Answer

A token reinforcement system could help

Question 9

The act of providing an antecedent stimulus just before a particular behaviour is to take place is ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The act of providing an antecedent stimulus...

Question 10

Setting their own goals, self-evaluation, and self-reinforcement are the three elements of ____________in which students accept responsibility for their own actions.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Setting their own goals, self-evaluation, and self-reinforcement...

Question 11

The Good Behaviour Game is based on the application of

Accepted Answer

A)  contingency contracts. 
B)  group consequences. 
C)  peer tutoring. 
D)  primary reinforcers. 
A)  contingency contracts. 
B)  group consequences. 
C)  peer tutoring. 
D)  primary reinforcers.

Question 12

Which one of the following is a major advantage of task analysis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Allows for creativity in student responses. 
B)  Describes the sequence of skills leading to a goal. 
C)  Reduces the need for expository presentations. 
D)  Requires only minimal time to use. 
A)  Allows for creativity in student responses. 
B)  Describes the sequence of skills leading to a goal. 
C)  Reduces the need for expository presentations. 
D)  Requires only minimal time to use.

Question 13

The schedule of reinforcement that is the most appropriate to use in the classroom because it encourages persistence and high rates of response is what type of schedule?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fixed-interval 
B)  Fixed-ratio 
C)  Variable-interval 
D)  Variable-ratio 
A)  Fixed-interval 
B)  Fixed-ratio 
C)  Variable-interval 
D)  Variable-ratio

Question 14

Why are behavioural methods criticized?

Accepted Answer

A)  Students readily repeat behaviours that are ignored. 
B)  Teachers usually use reinforcement to recognize appropriate behaviour. 
C)  Reinforcement and punishment are often used irresponsibly. 
D)  Teachers typically try to teach students to be more self-managing. 
A)  Students readily repeat behaviours that are ignored. 
B)  Teachers usually use reinforcement to recognize appropriate behaviour. 
C)  Reinforcement and punishment are often used irresponsibly. 
D)  Teachers typically try to teach students to be more self-managing.

Question 15

Praise is more effective if used appropriately. Based on guidelines for giving praise, which teacher seems to understand and use praise appropriately?

Accepted Answer

A)  "You are a good boy. You did a much better job in class today, Felipe." 
B)  "I see that you did better than the others in your group today. Good work, Amanda." 
C)  "I am glad you used the correct heading and turned in a very neat paper today, Carson." 
D)  "Everyone should be watching LeVonne and doing exactly what she is doing when the bell rings." 
A)  "You are a good boy. You did a much better job in class today, Felipe." 
B)  "I see that you did better than the others in your group today. Good work, Amanda." 
C)  "I am glad you used the correct heading and turned in a very neat paper today, Carson." 
D)  "Everyone should be watching LeVonne and doing exactly what she is doing when the bell rings."

Question 16

Any consequence that strengthens the behaviour it follows is a(n) ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Any consequence that strengthens the behaviour it...

Question 17

A consequence is defined by Skinner as a reinforcer or a punisher depending on whether it

Accepted Answer

A)  increases or decreases the frequency of the behaviour that it follows. 
B)  is designed to promote desirable behaviour or suppress undesirable behaviour. 
C)  is pleasurable or uncomfortable for the subject receiving the consequence. 
D)  occurs antecedent to or as a consequence of the behaviour. 
A)  increases or decreases the frequency of the behaviour that it follows. 
B)  is designed to promote desirable behaviour or suppress undesirable behaviour. 
C)  is pleasurable or uncomfortable for the subject receiving the consequence. 
D)  occurs antecedent to or as a consequence of the behaviour.

Question 18

Mr. Crutch divides his class into groups and each group has points taken away if students do not behave. He is employing the ________ game.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Mr. Crutch divides his class into groups...

Question 19

Over time, student-set goals tend to become higher with regard to performance standards.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

"Reward" and "Reinforcer" may be used synonymously in psychology.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Mrs. Lever allows Nathaniel to be the first to leave the uncomfortable bus because he has behaved so well on the trip. The technique being used is

Behavioural theories of learning emphasize

The form of punishment in which people lose a reinforcer (e.g., privileges, time, money etc.) is called ________.

Shaping is an appropriate method for developing new behaviour when

What schedule of reinforcement is most likely to be involved when teachers give "pop" quizzes?

Negative reinforcement introduces an aversive stimulus to decrease the frequency of a behaviour.

The act of providing an antecedent stimulus just before a particular behaviour is to take place is ________.

Setting their own goals, self-evaluation, and self-reinforcement are the three elements of ____________in which students accept responsibility for their own actions.

The Good Behaviour Game is based on the application of

Which one of the following is a major advantage of task analysis?

The schedule of reinforcement that is the most appropriate to use in the classroom because it encourages persistence and high rates of response is what type of schedule?

Why are behavioural methods criticized?

Praise is more effective if used appropriately. Based on guidelines for giving praise, which teacher seems to understand and use praise appropriately?

Any consequence that strengthens the behaviour it follows is a(n) ________.

A consequence is defined by Skinner as a reinforcer or a punisher depending on whether it

Mr. Crutch divides his class into groups and each group has points taken away if students do not behave. He is employing the ________ game.

Over time, student-set goals tend to become higher with regard to performance standards.

"Reward" and "Reinforcer" may be used synonymously in psychology.

Learning, Teaching, and Educational Psychology

Cognitive Development

Self and Social and Moral Development

Learner Differences and Learning Needs

Language Development, Language Diversity, and Immigrant Education

Culture and Diversity

Cognitive Views of Learning

Complex Cognitive Processes

The Learning Sciences and Constructivism

Social Cognitive Views of Learning and Motivation

Motivation in Learning and Teaching

Creating Learning Environments

Teaching Every Student

Classroom Assessment, Grading, and Standardized Testing

Filters

Exam 7: Behavioural Views of Learning

Mrs. Lever allows Nathaniel to be the first to leave the uncomfortable bus because he has behaved so well on the trip. The technique being used is

Behavioural theories of learning emphasize

The form of punishment in which people lose a reinforcer (e.g., privileges, time, money etc.) is called ________.

Shaping is an appropriate method for developing new behaviour when

What schedule of reinforcement is most likely to be involved when teachers give "pop" quizzes?

Negative reinforcement introduces an aversive stimulus to decrease the frequency of a behaviour.

The act of providing an antecedent stimulus just before a particular behaviour is to take place is ________.

Setting their own goals, self-evaluation, and self-reinforcement are the three elements of ____________in which students accept responsibility for their own actions.

The Good Behaviour Game is based on the application of

Which one of the following is a major advantage of task analysis?

The schedule of reinforcement that is the most appropriate to use in the classroom because it encourages persistence and high rates of response is what type of schedule?

Why are behavioural methods criticized?

Praise is more effective if used appropriately. Based on guidelines for giving praise, which teacher seems to understand and use praise appropriately?

Any consequence that strengthens the behaviour it follows is a(n) ________.

A consequence is defined by Skinner as a reinforcer or a punisher depending on whether it

Mr. Crutch divides his class into groups and each group has points taken away if students do not behave. He is employing the ________ game.

Over time, student-set goals tend to become higher with regard to performance standards.

"Reward" and "Reinforcer" may be used synonymously in psychology.

Learning, Teaching, and Educational Psychology

Cognitive Development

Self and Social and Moral Development

Learner Differences and Learning Needs

Language Development, Language Diversity, and Immigrant Education

Culture and Diversity

Cognitive Views of Learning

Complex Cognitive Processes

The Learning Sciences and Constructivism

Social Cognitive Views of Learning and Motivation

Motivation in Learning and Teaching

Creating Learning Environments

Teaching Every Student

Classroom Assessment, Grading, and Standardized Testing

Filters