Question 1

Which type of sibling pair is LEAST likely to be characterized by rivalry and conflict?

Accepted Answer

A)  biological siblings in remarried families 
B)  half-siblings 
C)  biological siblings in intact, nondivorced families 
D)  stepsiblings 
A)  biological siblings in remarried families 
B)  half-siblings 
C)  biological siblings in intact, nondivorced families 
D)  stepsiblings

Question 2

Eight-year-old Trina does not want to do her homework and would rather watch TV. Her parents think that Trina can make her own decisions about her schoolwork, and thus they do not get involved. They are affectionate with Trina in other situations, but they do little to try to regulate their daughter's behavior. Trina's parents would likely be classified as

Accepted Answer

A)  permissive. 
B)  authoritative. 
C)  uninvolved. 
D)  authoritarian. 
A)  permissive. 
B)  authoritative. 
C)  uninvolved. 
D)  authoritarian.

Question 3

Children of which type of parents tend to have disturbed attachment relationships as infants and a wide range of problems in adolescence, including promiscuous sexual behavior, substance abuse, and depression?

Accepted Answer

A)  permissive 
B)  authoritative 
C)  uninvolved 
D)  authoritarian 
A)  permissive 
B)  authoritative 
C)  uninvolved 
D)  authoritarian

Question 4

Which statement about the effect of childcare on parent child attachment is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Overall, children in childcare tend to be less securely attached than children who are not in childcare. 
B)  Overall, children in childcare tend to be more securely attached than children who are not in childcare. 
C)  Only when there are other risk factors is extensive childcare associated with less secure attachments. 
D)  In terms of maternal attachment, infants tend to do better in center-based childcare than they do in other types of nonparental care. 
A)  Overall, children in childcare tend to be less securely attached than children who are not in childcare. 
B)  Overall, children in childcare tend to be more securely attached than children who are not in childcare. 
C)  Only when there are other risk factors is extensive childcare associated with less secure attachments. 
D)  In terms of maternal attachment, infants tend to do better in center-based childcare than they do in other types of nonparental care.

Question 5

Which characteristic of U.S. families did not increase from the 1960s to the 2010s?

Accepted Answer

A)  age at which women had children 
B)  percentage of children born to unwed mothers 
C)  percentage of children living with two married parents 
D)  percentage of mothers of school-age children who work outside the home 
A)  age at which women had children 
B)  percentage of children born to unwed mothers 
C)  percentage of children living with two married parents 
D)  percentage of mothers of school-age children who work outside the home

Question 6

Almost _____ of children in same-sex parent households are biologically related to one of their parents.

Accepted Answer

A)  15% 
B)  30% 
C)  45% 
D)  70% 
A)  15% 
B)  30% 
C)  45% 
D)  70%

Question 7

When is parental discipline effective?

Accepted Answer

A)  when the child stops engaging in an undesirable misbehavior 
B)  when the child engages in a preferred behavior 
C)  when the child stops engaging in an undesirable misbehavior and engages in a preferred behavior 
D)  when the child neither stops engaging in an undesirable misbehavior nor engages in a preferred behavior 
A)  when the child stops engaging in an undesirable misbehavior 
B)  when the child engages in a preferred behavior 
C)  when the child stops engaging in an undesirable misbehavior and engages in a preferred behavior 
D)  when the child neither stops engaging in an undesirable misbehavior nor engages in a preferred behavior

Question 8

Which statement about adolescent parents is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  The rate of adolescent pregnancies has increased from the 1960s to 2010. 
B)  The rate of adolescent pregnancies is significantly lower in the United States than in other industrialized countries. 
C)  Being involved in school activities reduces the risk for childbearing during adolescence. 
D)  Getting married greatly improves outcomes for adolescent mothers. 
A)  The rate of adolescent pregnancies has increased from the 1960s to 2010. 
B)  The rate of adolescent pregnancies is significantly lower in the United States than in other industrialized countries. 
C)  Being involved in school activities reduces the risk for childbearing during adolescence. 
D)  Getting married greatly improves outcomes for adolescent mothers.

Question 9

Compared with children of heterosexual parents, children of gay and lesbian parents are

Accepted Answer

A)  more poorly adjusted. 
B)  less popular. 
C)  more likely to be gay or lesbian themselves. 
D)  pretty much the same. 
A)  more poorly adjusted. 
B)  less popular. 
C)  more likely to be gay or lesbian themselves. 
D)  pretty much the same.

Question 10

For Chinese American and Chinese children, which parenting practice is related to negative outcomes?

Accepted Answer

A)  scolding, shame, and guilt 
B)  physical punishment 
C)  both physical punishment and scolding, shame, and guilt 
D)  neither physical punishment nor scolding, shame, and guilt 
A)  scolding, shame, and guilt 
B)  physical punishment 
C)  both physical punishment and scolding, shame, and guilt 
D)  neither physical punishment nor scolding, shame, and guilt

Question 11

Why do some children seem fine following a divorce whereas others do poorly? Describe three factors likely to decrease children's risk for poor adjustment and three factors likely to increase children's risk. Explain the role these factors play.

Accepted Answer

Most experts agree that children of divo

Question 12

Describe how the sociocultural context in which you grew up might have affected your parents' behavior toward you. Be specific and give at least three supportive examples. You can think about the sociocultural context as your race or ethnicity, or as the country or part of the country in which you were raised.

Accepted Answer

Answers will vary but should discuss how

Question 13

A recent study that examined the associations between adolescents' reports of externalizing and internalizing problems and their parents' parenting style found

Accepted Answer

A)  no association between internalizing problems and parenting style. 
B)  that high levels of externalizing problems predicted a decline in authoritative parenting 2 years later. 
C)  that a decrease in authoritative parenting predicted high levels of internalizing problems 2 years later. 
D)  that the associations are bidirectional. 
A)  no association between internalizing problems and parenting style. 
B)  that high levels of externalizing problems predicted a decline in authoritative parenting 2 years later. 
C)  that a decrease in authoritative parenting predicted high levels of internalizing problems 2 years later. 
D)  that the associations are bidirectional.

Question 14

Nature and nurture is central to the study of the role of _____ because a child's heredity and rearing influence each other and jointly affect the child's development.

Accepted Answer

A)  internalization 
B)  parenting styles 
C)  the family 
D)  socialization 
A)  internalization 
B)  parenting styles 
C)  the family 
D)  socialization

Question 15

Differential treatment of siblings by parents is less detrimental to children when all of these are true EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  children believe it is justified. 
B)  the culture emphasizes interdependence among family members. 
C)  the children are older. 
D)  the children are younger. 
A)  children believe it is justified. 
B)  the culture emphasizes interdependence among family members. 
C)  the children are older. 
D)  the children are younger.

Question 16

The large-scale study of the effects of childcare that was funded by the National Institute of Child Health and Development demonstrated which finding about the effects of amount of childcare on the social behavior of children from working- and middle-class families?

Accepted Answer

A)  The amount of childcare was not associated with children's social behavior. 
B)  The risk of children exhibiting problem behaviors increased with more hours in childcare. 
C)  Long hours spent in day care caused aggression and social withdrawal. 
D)  Extensive time in childcare was more detrimental to children from very low-income, high-risk families. 
A)  The amount of childcare was not associated with children's social behavior. 
B)  The risk of children exhibiting problem behaviors increased with more hours in childcare. 
C)  Long hours spent in day care caused aggression and social withdrawal. 
D)  Extensive time in childcare was more detrimental to children from very low-income, high-risk families.

Question 17

Describe the current psychological understanding of the effects of childcare on children's levels of aggression.

Accepted Answer

A number of investigators have found tha

Question 18

Reasoning that is focused on the effects of a behavior on other people is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  externalization. 
B)  internalization. 
C)  self-oriented induction. 
D)  other-oriented induction. 
A)  externalization. 
B)  internalization. 
C)  self-oriented induction. 
D)  other-oriented induction.

Question 19

Imagine that researchers interested in the possible bidirectional influence of children's aggression and parental use of punitive discipline examined these two variables when a group of children was at each of three ages: 4 years old, 8 years old, and 12 years old. Which finding would be the BEST support for the bidirectional influence of these variables?

Accepted Answer

A)  Greater punitive discipline at age 4 was associated with greater punitive discipline at age 8, which was associated with greater aggression at age 12. 
B)  Greater aggression at age 4 was associated with greater punitive discipline at age 8, which was associated with greater aggression at age 12. 
C)  Greater aggression at age 4 was associated with greater aggression at age 8, which was associated with greater punitive discipline at age 12. 
D)  Less punitive discipline at age 4 was associated with greater aggression at age 8, which was associated with greater aggression at age 12. 
A)  Greater punitive discipline at age 4 was associated with greater punitive discipline at age 8, which was associated with greater aggression at age 12. 
B)  Greater aggression at age 4 was associated with greater punitive discipline at age 8, which was associated with greater aggression at age 12. 
C)  Greater aggression at age 4 was associated with greater aggression at age 8, which was associated with greater punitive discipline at age 12. 
D)  Less punitive discipline at age 4 was associated with greater aggression at age 8, which was associated with greater aggression at age 12.

Question 20

In which group are youth's adjustment and problem behaviors MOST negatively affected by their parents' divorce?

Accepted Answer

A)  younger children 
B)  older children 
C)  adolescents 
D)  college-age youth 
A)  younger children 
B)  older children 
C)  adolescents 
D)  college-age youth

Which type of sibling pair is LEAST likely to be characterized by rivalry and conflict?

Children of which type of parents tend to have disturbed attachment relationships as infants and a wide range of problems in adolescence, including promiscuous sexual behavior, substance abuse, and depression?

Which statement about the effect of childcare on parent child attachment is TRUE?

Which characteristic of U.S. families did not increase from the 1960s to the 2010s?

Almost _____ of children in same-sex parent households are biologically related to one of their parents.

When is parental discipline effective?

Which statement about adolescent parents is TRUE?

Compared with children of heterosexual parents, children of gay and lesbian parents are

For Chinese American and Chinese children, which parenting practice is related to negative outcomes?

Why do some children seem fine following a divorce whereas others do poorly? Describe three factors likely to decrease children's risk for poor adjustment and three factors likely to increase children's risk. Explain the role these factors play.

A recent study that examined the associations between adolescents' reports of externalizing and internalizing problems and their parents' parenting style found

Nature and nurture is central to the study of the role of _____ because a child's heredity and rearing influence each other and jointly affect the child's development.

Differential treatment of siblings by parents is less detrimental to children when all of these are true EXCEPT

The large-scale study of the effects of childcare that was funded by the National Institute of Child Health and Development demonstrated which finding about the effects of amount of childcare on the social behavior of children from working- and middle-class families?

Describe the current psychological understanding of the effects of childcare on children's levels of aggression.

Reasoning that is focused on the effects of a behavior on other people is referred to as

In which group are youth's adjustment and problem behaviors MOST negatively affected by their parents' divorce?

An Introduction to Child Development

Prenatal Development and the Newborn Period

Biology and Behavior

Theories of Cognitive Development

Perception, Action, and Learning in Infancy

Development of Language and Symbol Use

Conceptual Development

Intelligence and Academic Achievement

Theories of Social Development

Emotional Development

Attachment to Others and Development of Self

Peer Relationships

Moral Development

Gender Development

Conclusions

Filters

Exam 12: The Family

Which type of sibling pair is LEAST likely to be characterized by rivalry and conflict?

Children of which type of parents tend to have disturbed attachment relationships as infants and a wide range of problems in adolescence, including promiscuous sexual behavior, substance abuse, and depression?

Which statement about the effect of childcare on parent child attachment is TRUE?

Which characteristic of U.S. families did not increase from the 1960s to the 2010s?

Almost _____ of children in same-sex parent households are biologically related to one of their parents.

When is parental discipline effective?

Which statement about adolescent parents is TRUE?

Compared with children of heterosexual parents, children of gay and lesbian parents are

For Chinese American and Chinese children, which parenting practice is related to negative outcomes?

Why do some children seem fine following a divorce whereas others do poorly? Describe three factors likely to decrease children's risk for poor adjustment and three factors likely to increase children's risk. Explain the role these factors play.

A recent study that examined the associations between adolescents' reports of externalizing and internalizing problems and their parents' parenting style found

Nature and nurture is central to the study of the role of _____ because a child's heredity and rearing influence each other and jointly affect the child's development.

Differential treatment of siblings by parents is less detrimental to children when all of these are true EXCEPT

The large-scale study of the effects of childcare that was funded by the National Institute of Child Health and Development demonstrated which finding about the effects of amount of childcare on the social behavior of children from working- and middle-class families?

Describe the current psychological understanding of the effects of childcare on children's levels of aggression.

Reasoning that is focused on the effects of a behavior on other people is referred to as

In which group are youth's adjustment and problem behaviors MOST negatively affected by their parents' divorce?

An Introduction to Child Development

Prenatal Development and the Newborn Period

Biology and Behavior

Theories of Cognitive Development

Perception, Action, and Learning in Infancy

Development of Language and Symbol Use

Conceptual Development

Intelligence and Academic Achievement

Theories of Social Development

Emotional Development

Attachment to Others and Development of Self

Peer Relationships

Moral Development

Gender Development

Conclusions

Filters