Exam 4: Conceptualization and Measurement

Is the level of measurement inherent in the variable itself? Why? Does it matter at which level a variable is measured? Does it make sense to measure variables at a lower or higher level?

Sampson and Raudenbush (1999) and St. Jean (2007) used direct observation and other techniques in their studies of ______.

With open-ended questions, respondents are more likely to answer questions that the researcher really wants them to answer.

Variables that have only two values are known as dichotomies.

The Core Alcohol and Drug Survey (2015) includes questions that ask respondents to indicate their answers by selecting "none," "once," "twice," "3 to 5 times," "6 to 9 times)," and "10 or more times." Use of these categories makes the level of measurement ______.

Construct validity is the type of validity established by comparing scores on a measure with a more direct or already validated measure of the same phenomenon.

The type of validity that is achieved when a measure measures what it is presumed to measure is measurement validity.

The level of measurement is inherent in the variable itself.

According to Webb, et al., unobtrusive measures include ______.

To determine the convergence between official incident records inmate misconduct and self-reported offending, Steiner and Wooldredge (2014) ______.

Unobtrusive measures allow us to collect data about individuals or groups ______.

One of Meldrum's main areas of research concerns the measurement and operationalization of ______.

Michael Sulik and his colleagues (2010) wanted to know whether the measure of self-regulation that had been used in many studies of children differentially measured the construct across different socioeconomic, gender, and race/ethnicity groups. The construct they measured was actually called ______.