Chat with AIExam 15: Understanding Groups
Describe the method and results of the two classic studies of group conformity (Asch line study, Sherif autokinetic effect study).What type of influence operated in each study?
(26) 
VerifiedTwo classic studies measured group conformity.First, Asch studied the impact of majority influence on conformity.Asch asked a group of eight people - seven of whom were confederates and one was the real participant-to state which line of three is closest in length to a fourth line.The answer is obvious.The seven confederates provided their answer and then the participant provided their answer.Over the course of 12 trails in which all seven confederates stated the same wrong answer, 1/3 of the participants' answers conformed to the wrong answer.This study demonstrated normative influence: when someone conforms to a group's expectations in order to receive social rewards or avoid punishment.The second study is Sherif's study on the autokinetic effect.Participants sat alone in the lab and estimated how much a light on the wall appeared to have moved.Then, the participants estimated among a group of three other people.In the group, the participants'' responses converged to a similar estimates; that is, the participants used each other's responses as a frame of reference.This study demonstrated informational influence: people accept each other's judgements as valid information.
Which of the following BEST describes the effect illustrated in the Robbers' Cave Study?
(37) VerifiedC
Taylor and Katy are alpha females in their industry and the center of their respective groups of colleagues and collaborators.They are competing over a major sponsorship deal and end up feuding.Which outcome is most likely as a result of this intergroup conflict?
(33) VerifiedD
In highly cohesive groups, who is most likely to be productive?
(41) Primary groups tend to have more specific, less diffuse goals than secondary groups.
(32) The conformity demonstrated in Asch's line study was due to normative influence more than informational influence.
(36) Placing people in minimal groups is sufficient to produce discrimination.
(33) In the ultimate attribution error, positive events are attributed to _____________factors for in-group members but not for out-group members.
(26) Darren presumes that he is more competent in engine repairs than others are in his mechanics class.Due to his presumed mechanics, he is less likely to conform to the group when working on engine repairs.
(47) Intergroup conflict tends to threaten or reduce cohesion within groups.
(36) Define group cohesion and discuss the factors that influence cohesion.What makes a group cohesive? What are the different types of cohesion, and under what conditions is each type most effective? What consequences are likely to emerge if cohesiveness is low?
(34) In which case will intergroup contact fail to improve intergroup relations?
(35) Fran joined a book club in his new city and met close friends through it.He continued to attend the book club because he enjoyed spending time with these friends.One month, everyone else suggested the same book for next time.Although Fran preferred to read a different book, he ultimately conformed to their suggestion in order to remain in the group's good favor.Fran's connection to the book club can best be described as __________ cohesion and ___________ influence impacted his suggested for next month's book.
(26) According to the social dominance theory, intergroup conflict emerges when a group fears its position compared to another group may change in ways that threaten its prerogatives.
(28) Antoni is first generation Italian-American.He views Italian-Americans as the center of his world and overall superior to other European migrants.Antoni demonstrates ethnocentrism.
(38) What type of conformity did the naïve participants display in Asch's famous "line studies"?
(30) What are group norms? Describe three functions of group norms.Illustrate the three functions of group norms using examples from a group to which you belong.
(35) A person's actual competence is more important than their presumed competence as a factor to reduce conformity.
(33) Identify the three sources of intergroup conflict.How does each source of conflict lead to conflict?
(39) 
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