Exam 16: Group Processes

Imagine that you are the foreperson of a 12-person jury.You are tasked with deciding whether a defendant is guilty of assault.Name three steps you would take to avoid groupthink in this situation.

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Question 1

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As a member of a 12-person jury, I would take at least 3 steps to avoid groupthink in determining the defendant's innocence or guilt.First, I would suggest that we divide into four sub-groups and have each group independently discuss the verdict.Next, I would suggest that someone ask as a devil's advocate, challenging each group's verdict.Finally, once we reach a decision, I would suggest that we hold a "second-chance" meeting in case anyone has new thoughts or has changed their mind.

According to social exchange theory, people's personalities usually influence behavior more than do their positions within the exchange network.

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Question 2

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Define "task specialist" and "social-emotional specialist" as they apply to small groups.Who in the group is most likely to occupy each role?

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Question 3

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Groups often divide functions, a process known as role differentiation, in order to be efficient.Two roles that commonly emerge in groups are the task specialist and the social-emotional specialist.The task-specialist is often the person who talks the most.They drive the group toward achieving its goals.In this process, the task-specialist may be pushy and aggressive, potentially creating tension.A second role that emerges as a result is the social-emotional specialist.This person eases tensions and soothes hurt feelings by showing tact or telling well-timed jokes.They are often the best-liked person in the group.

Social exchange theory draws on evolutionary theory; people's actions are a result of their innate drives to further their reproductive success.

(True/False)

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Question 4

DeShawn is a talented singer choosing between A cappella groups.He wants to be in a popular group.He picks a group based on the number of people who attend each group's events and the attractiveness of the people in the group.DeShawn is engaging in a process known as status construction.

(True/False)

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Question 5

The Bay of Pigs Invasion, in which top governmental officials reached a decision to invade Cuba with disastrous results, was an example of _________________.

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 6

Barry is the captain of the squash team.He can be harsh when teammates skip practice because her wants the team to win.Barry is most likely the most liked person on the team.

(True/False)

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Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a symptom of groupthink?

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 8

Keenan and Marvin work at the same company.Although they work the same number of hours, produce equally high-quality work, and have the same qualifications, Keenan earns a $5,000 more per year than Marvin.Based on the equity principle, which of the following is least likely to occur:

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 9

One complication with overcoming status generalization is that group interactions can reinforce status beliefs, creating a self-fulfilling prophecy.

(True/False)

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Question 10

Name and define the three types of distributive justice principles.Identify the conditions under which each principle tends to be preferred.

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Question 11

In determining procedural justice, feelings of control are more important to the instrumental component than to the relational component.

(True/False)

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Question 12

Egan submitted a poem to a citywide competition that he wrote an hour before the deadline.He won and received a year of free tuition to a well-respected university in the city.Egan feels guilty and like a fraud attending courses as the university.Egan is experiencing _____________.

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 13

A mixed-gender focus group is evaluating a series of cars.What is the most effective way to ensure that the women receive equal status as the men?

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 14

In groups, status hierarchies tend not to remain stable over time, unless there is pressure from an external source.

(True/False)

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Question 15

Erin, Abbey, Pattie, and Gillian run a small non-profit and are drafting next year's budget.Erin, the executive director, would like to avoid groupthink as they make decisions.What can Erin do to help prevent groupthink?

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 16

Mateo and Camila are neighbors who help each other on homework and give each other advice.The more that Mateo exchanges with Camila and lives up to his obligations, the more that Camila will trust him.

(True/False)

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Question 17

Cory, Rider, and Topanga are working on an animal's right campaign on campus.Prior to meeting, Topanga supported eating meat occasionally and hoped the campaign could encourage students not to eat meat on Mondays.After meeting with the group, Topanga felt that students should greatly reduce their meat intake and hoped to encourage students to only eat meat once a week._____________ best describes the change in Topanga's views.

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 18

Jordan plays different roles in band and in debate club.This situation is an example of role differentiation.

(True/False)

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Question 19

Mindguarding is a psychological strategy people use to deal with the distress of being underrewarded.

(True/False)

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Question 20

Showing 1 - 20 of 35

Imagine that you are the foreperson of a 12-person jury.You are tasked with deciding whether a defendant is guilty of assault.Name three steps you would take to avoid groupthink in this situation.

According to social exchange theory, people's personalities usually influence behavior more than do their positions within the exchange network.

Define "task specialist" and "social-emotional specialist" as they apply to small groups.Who in the group is most likely to occupy each role?

Social exchange theory draws on evolutionary theory; people's actions are a result of their innate drives to further their reproductive success.

DeShawn is a talented singer choosing between A cappella groups.He wants to be in a popular group.He picks a group based on the number of people who attend each group's events and the attractiveness of the people in the group.DeShawn is engaging in a process known as status construction.

The Bay of Pigs Invasion, in which top governmental officials reached a decision to invade Cuba with disastrous results, was an example of _________________.

Barry is the captain of the squash team.He can be harsh when teammates skip practice because her wants the team to win.Barry is most likely the most liked person on the team.

Which of the following is NOT a symptom of groupthink?

Keenan and Marvin work at the same company.Although they work the same number of hours, produce equally high-quality work, and have the same qualifications, Keenan earns a $5,000 more per year than Marvin.Based on the equity principle, which of the following is least likely to occur:

One complication with overcoming status generalization is that group interactions can reinforce status beliefs, creating a self-fulfilling prophecy.

Name and define the three types of distributive justice principles.Identify the conditions under which each principle tends to be preferred.

In determining procedural justice, feelings of control are more important to the instrumental component than to the relational component.

Egan submitted a poem to a citywide competition that he wrote an hour before the deadline.He won and received a year of free tuition to a well-respected university in the city.Egan feels guilty and like a fraud attending courses as the university.Egan is experiencing _____________.

A mixed-gender focus group is evaluating a series of cars.What is the most effective way to ensure that the women receive equal status as the men?

In groups, status hierarchies tend not to remain stable over time, unless there is pressure from an external source.

Erin, Abbey, Pattie, and Gillian run a small non-profit and are drafting next year's budget.Erin, the executive director, would like to avoid groupthink as they make decisions.What can Erin do to help prevent groupthink?

Mateo and Camila are neighbors who help each other on homework and give each other advice.The more that Mateo exchanges with Camila and lives up to his obligations, the more that Camila will trust him.

Jordan plays different roles in band and in debate club.This situation is an example of role differentiation.

Mindguarding is a psychological strategy people use to deal with the distress of being underrewarded.

Introduction to Social Psychology

Research Methods in Social Psychology

Socialization Through the Life Course

Self and Self-Esteem

Self-Presentation and Impression Management

Emotions

Social Perception and Cognition

Attitudes

Symbolic Communication and Language

Social Influence and Persuasion

Altruism and Prosocial Behavior

Aggression

Deviant Behavior and Social Reaction

Interpersonal Attraction and Relationships

Understanding Groups

Social Structure and Personality Glossary References Index

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