Exam 11: The Diversity of Bacteria and Archaea

You examine a patient who is complaining of belching (burping), bloating, and some vomiting. She also has some abdominal discomfort which she describes as a dull, burning pain that is worse when she is hungry and is often relieved when she takes antacids. You suspect that she may have Helicobacter pylori gastritis, and send her for a urea breath test. The breath test is positive; based on this, you get the patient's stool tested for blood, and you send her for an endoscopy, during which a biopsy is taken. Your diagnosis is confirmed by the results of these tests and that she does indeed have H. pylori. -Your patient asks you to explain how the urea breath test works. You tell her that in the test, she had been asked to swallow urea containing an unusual form of carbon-non-radioactive ¹³C (an isotope). After 10-30 minutes, she was asked to breathe into a receptacle, and her breath had been analyzed for the presence of this form of carbon in the carbon dioxide that she exhaled. You explain that the CO₂ she exhaled contained ¹³C, so

Endospores

Phycobiliproteins are

Lactic acid bacteria such as Lactococcus

What roles do hydrogen gas and carbon dioxide play in the metabolism of methanogens?

Helicobacter pylori

The Gram-positive rod that is also acid-fast and is a human pathogen is

Which of the following is/are obligate intracellular parasites?

Which of the following is NOT associated with a Clostridium species?

Sphaerotilus and Leptothrix are examples of

Organisms that typically produce colonies with a fried egg appearance are the

Lactic acid bacteria such as Streptococcus are obligate fermenters that can exist in an aerobic environment due to their use of catalase to mitigate the presence of oxygen.

You examine a patient who is complaining of belching (burping), bloating, and some vomiting. She also has some abdominal discomfort which she describes as a dull, burning pain that is worse when she is hungry and is often relieved when she takes antacids. You suspect that she may have Helicobacter pylori gastritis, and send her for a urea breath test. The breath test is positive; based on this, you get the patient's stool tested for blood, and you send her for an endoscopy, during which a biopsy is taken. Your diagnosis is confirmed by the results of these tests and that she does indeed have H. pylori. -Helicobacter pylori, a curved, Gram-negative microaerophilic motile bacterium. Based on this, how do you describe the organism to your patient?

You examine a patient who is complaining of belching (burping), bloating, and some vomiting. She also has some abdominal discomfort which she describes as a dull, burning pain that is worse when she is hungry and is often relieved when she takes antacids. You suspect that she may have Helicobacter pylori gastritis, and send her for a urea breath test. The breath test is positive; based on this, you get the patient's stool tested for blood, and you send her for an endoscopy, during which a biopsy is taken. Your diagnosis is confirmed by the results of these tests and that she does indeed have H. pylori. -You prescribe two antibiotics for your patient, to be taken at the same time. You explain that two medications are used 

Members of the Archaea typically thrive in conditions of excessive

You examine a patient who is complaining of belching (burping), bloating, and some vomiting. She also has some abdominal discomfort which she describes as a dull, burning pain that is worse when she is hungry and is often relieved when she takes antacids. You suspect that she may have Helicobacter pylori gastritis, and send her for a urea breath test. The breath test is positive; based on this, you get the patient's stool tested for blood, and you send her for an endoscopy, during which a biopsy is taken. Your diagnosis is confirmed by the results of these tests and that she does indeed have H. pylori. -Your patient asks you how a bacterium can survive in her stomach, which she knows is very acidic. You explain that

Swarmer cells are

Obligate aerobes may transform energy via fermentation.

Streptomyces produce a number of antibiotics.

Clostridium, Lactobacillus, and Propionibacterium all