Question 1

Animal viruses are divided into a number of families whose names end in

Accepted Answer

A)  -virus. 
B)  -viridae. 
C)  -viscous. 
D)  -eieio. 
E)  -virum. 
A)  -virus. 
B)  -viridae. 
C)  -viscous. 
D)  -eieio. 
E)  -virum.

Question 2

What part of the attached bacteriophage enters through the host cell wall?

Accepted Answer

A)  The entire virus. 
B)  Only the enzymes necessary for replication. 
C)  The nucleic acid. 
D)  The nucleic acid and capsid. 
E)  The capsid only. 
A)  The entire virus. 
B)  Only the enzymes necessary for replication. 
C)  The nucleic acid. 
D)  The nucleic acid and capsid. 
E)  The capsid only.

Question 3

Virulent as well as temperate phages can serve as generalized transducing phages.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

All of the statements about specialized transduction are correct EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  it involves the random transmission of any gene. 
B)  it involves the transfer of a few specific genes. 
C)  it involves a defective virus. 
D)  it only involves genes near the viral DNA integration site. 
E)  it involves temperate phages. 
A)  it involves the random transmission of any gene. 
B)  it involves the transfer of a few specific genes. 
C)  it involves a defective virus. 
D)  it only involves genes near the viral DNA integration site. 
E)  it involves temperate phages.

Question 5

Viruses are commonly referred to by their ________ name.

Accepted Answer

A)  locale AND genus 
B)  genus AND species 
C)  disease AND species 
D)  disease AND locale 
E)  disease AND genus 
A)  locale AND genus 
B)  genus AND species 
C)  disease AND species 
D)  disease AND locale 
E)  disease AND genus

Question 6

Why is it virtually impossible to eradicate a disease caused by a zoonotic virus?

Accepted Answer

A)  You would have to drive the vector organism extinct to do so. 
B)  Many vector organisms have multiple stages of their life cycle that can carry a zoonotic virus, which complicates controlling the vector-borne transmission. 
C)  Many viruses transmitted in this manner may utilize more than one vector organism. 
D)  Many zoonotic viruses may be able to reside in more than one host organism, complicating control measures. 
E)  All of the answer choices are correct. 
A)  You would have to drive the vector organism extinct to do so. 
B)  Many vector organisms have multiple stages of their life cycle that can carry a zoonotic virus, which complicates controlling the vector-borne transmission. 
C)  Many viruses transmitted in this manner may utilize more than one vector organism. 
D)  Many zoonotic viruses may be able to reside in more than one host organism, complicating control measures. 
E)  All of the answer choices are correct.

Question 7

In latent infections, the virions are

Accepted Answer

A)  constantly produced. 
B)  only produced during reactivation. 
C)  produced very slowly. 
D)  continually being slowly budded out. 
E)  always detectable in the infected person. 
A)  constantly produced. 
B)  only produced during reactivation. 
C)  produced very slowly. 
D)  continually being slowly budded out. 
E)  always detectable in the infected person.

Question 8

Phage-encoded enzymes are

Accepted Answer

A)  all produced simultaneously AND are used to customize the cell for viral production. 
B)  produced in a sequential manner AND are used to destroy the host cell. 
C)  are strictly host enzymes AND are used to customize the cell for viral production. 
D)  produced in a sequential manner AND are used to customize the cell for viral production. 
E)  all produced simultaneously AND are used to destroy the host cell. 
A)  all produced simultaneously AND are used to customize the cell for viral production. 
B)  produced in a sequential manner AND are used to destroy the host cell. 
C)  are strictly host enzymes AND are used to customize the cell for viral production. 
D)  produced in a sequential manner AND are used to customize the cell for viral production. 
E)  all produced simultaneously AND are used to destroy the host cell.

Question 9

Viroids cause disease in

Accepted Answer

A)  animals. 
B)  plants. 
C)  bacteria. 
D)  fungi. 
E)  plants and fungi. 
A)  animals. 
B)  plants. 
C)  bacteria. 
D)  fungi. 
E)  plants and fungi.

Question 10

The protein projections on the surface of a virus that are involved in attachment to the host cell are called

Accepted Answer

A)  suckers. 
B)  pili. 
C)  cilia. 
D)  spikes. 
E)  hooks. 
A)  suckers. 
B)  pili. 
C)  cilia. 
D)  spikes. 
E)  hooks.

Question 11

Capsids are made of a number of capsomeres that are covalently bonded to one another.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Phage-encoded proteins are

Accepted Answer

A)  coded for by host DNA. 
B)  coded for by phage DNA. 
C)  proteins normally present in the uninfected cell. 
D)  early proteins. 
E)  coded for by phage DNA AND early proteins. 
A)  coded for by host DNA. 
B)  coded for by phage DNA. 
C)  proteins normally present in the uninfected cell. 
D)  early proteins. 
E)  coded for by phage DNA AND early proteins.

Question 13

The activation of the SOS system in a bacterium infected with a prophage results in

Accepted Answer

A)  destruction of certain bacterial genes AND destruction of the viral repressor through host protease activity. 
B)  destruction of the viral repressor through host protease activity AND complete lysis of the bacterial culture. 
C)  destruction of the viral repressor through host protease activity AND mutation of the DNA 
D)  complete lysis of the bacterial culture, destruction of the viral genes, AND mutation of the DNA. 
E)  destruction of certain bacterial genes AND complete lysis of the bacterial culture. 
A)  destruction of certain bacterial genes AND destruction of the viral repressor through host protease activity. 
B)  destruction of the viral repressor through host protease activity AND complete lysis of the bacterial culture. 
C)  destruction of the viral repressor through host protease activity AND mutation of the DNA 
D)  complete lysis of the bacterial culture, destruction of the viral genes, AND mutation of the DNA. 
E)  destruction of certain bacterial genes AND complete lysis of the bacterial culture.

Question 14

Genetic exchange in segmented viruses that allows a zoonotic virus to infect humans is an example

Accepted Answer

A)  antigenic shift. 
B)  hemagglutination. 
C)  genetic reassortment. 
D)  antigenic drift. 
E)  mutagenesis. 
A)  antigenic shift. 
B)  hemagglutination. 
C)  genetic reassortment. 
D)  antigenic drift. 
E)  mutagenesis.

Question 15

The changes that occur in virally infected cells are characteristic for a particular virus and are referred to as the

Accepted Answer

A)  cytopathic effect. 
B)  phenotypic effect. 
C)  genotypic expression. 
D)  cytology. 
E)  symptomatic effect. 
A)  cytopathic effect. 
B)  phenotypic effect. 
C)  genotypic expression. 
D)  cytology. 
E)  symptomatic effect.

Question 16

A virion is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  pathogenic virus. 
B)  subviral particle. 
C)  complete, extracellular virus particle. 
D)  enveloped virus particle. 
E)  non-enveloped virus particle. 
A)  pathogenic virus. 
B)  subviral particle. 
C)  complete, extracellular virus particle. 
D)  enveloped virus particle. 
E)  non-enveloped virus particle.

Question 17

The filamentous phages all contain

Accepted Answer

A)  single-stranded DNA. 
B)  double-stranded DNA. 
C)  single-stranded RNA. 
D)  double-stranded RNA. 
E)  single-stranded RNA, OR single-stranded DNA. 
A)  single-stranded DNA. 
B)  double-stranded DNA. 
C)  single-stranded RNA. 
D)  double-stranded RNA. 
E)  single-stranded RNA, OR single-stranded DNA.

Question 18

The enveloped viruses typically obtain their envelope

Accepted Answer

A)  from the host cytoplasmic membrane as they exit the host. 
B)  from a newly constructed viral-derived membrane. 
C)  from the nuclear membrane as they exit the host. 
D)  from endoplasmic reticulum in the host. 
E)  from the host peptidoglycan as they exit. 
A)  from the host cytoplasmic membrane as they exit the host. 
B)  from a newly constructed viral-derived membrane. 
C)  from the nuclear membrane as they exit the host. 
D)  from endoplasmic reticulum in the host. 
E)  from the host peptidoglycan as they exit.

Question 19

If reasonably pure preparations of virus are available, the number of virus present may be determined by

Accepted Answer

A)  photocolorimetry. 
B)  electron microscopy. 
C)  gas chromatography. 
D)  light microscopy. 
E)  spectrophotometry. 
A)  photocolorimetry. 
B)  electron microscopy. 
C)  gas chromatography. 
D)  light microscopy. 
E)  spectrophotometry.

Question 20

The receptors to which animal virus attachment proteins usually bind are

Accepted Answer

A)  glycoproteins. 
B)  proteins. 
C)  carbohydrates. 
D)  nucleic acid. 
E)  lipids. 
A)  glycoproteins. 
B)  proteins. 
C)  carbohydrates. 
D)  nucleic acid. 
E)  lipids.

Exam 13: Viruses, Viroids, and Prions

Animal viruses are divided into a number of families whose names end in

What part of the attached bacteriophage enters through the host cell wall?

Virulent as well as temperate phages can serve as generalized transducing phages.

All of the statements about specialized transduction are correct EXCEPT

Viruses are commonly referred to by their ________ name.

Why is it virtually impossible to eradicate a disease caused by a zoonotic virus?

In latent infections, the virions are

Phage-encoded enzymes are

Viroids cause disease in

The protein projections on the surface of a virus that are involved in attachment to the host cell are called

Capsids are made of a number of capsomeres that are covalently bonded to one another.

Phage-encoded proteins are

The activation of the SOS system in a bacterium infected with a prophage results in

Genetic exchange in segmented viruses that allows a zoonotic virus to infect humans is an example

The changes that occur in virally infected cells are characteristic for a particular virus and are referred to as the

A virion is a(n)

The filamentous phages all contain

The enveloped viruses typically obtain their envelope

If reasonably pure preparations of virus are available, the number of virus present may be determined by

The receptors to which animal virus attachment proteins usually bind are

Humans and the Microbial World

The Molecules of Life

Microscopy and Cell Structure

Dynamics of Microbial Growth

Control of Microbial Growth

Microbial Metabolism: Fueling Cell Growth

The Blueprint of Life, from DNA to Protein

Bacterial Genetics

Biotechnology

Identifying and Classifying Microorganisms

The Diversity of Bacteria and Archaea

The Eukaryotic Members of the Microbial World

The Innate Immune Response

The Adaptive Immune Response

Host-Microbe Interactions

Immunological Disorders

Applications of Immune Responses

Epidemiology

Antimicrobial Medications

Respiratory System Infections

Skin Infections

Wound Infections

Digestive System Infections

Blood and Lymphatic Infections

Nervous System Infections

Genitourinary Tract Infections

Microbial Ecology

Environmental Microbiology: Treatment of Water, Wastes, and Polluted Habitats

Food Microbiology

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