Exam 6: Observational Research: the Many Forms of Discipline in Parents Bag of Tricks

Dr. Yanira is an education specialist and has begun observing various schools throughout the county. Dr. Yanira randomly selected a private school in the area with the highest per-capita income to be her first school observation. She decided to base her request for budget, school supplies, and school lunches, among many other things, on that single observation. What is the main issue with her results from that single observation?

(Scenario I) After the authors completed the study, they decided to compare cognitive ability between liberal and conservative participants. Which measure of central tendency should the authors use to measure the typical cognitive ability of the two groups?

(Scenario I) Prejudice is a _____ variable.

Dr. Reef wanted to study relationship break-ups in natural settings. She enlisted several of her research assistants to recruit couples for the study. She fully disclosed the goals of the study to one of the individuals in the couple and only told the other individual that the study was focused on relationships. Dr. Reef devised "natural" scenarios where a break-up would occur and gained permission from both parties to observe. Dr. Reef was not fully honest with both participants for the sake of her research question, but the deception may not have been justifiable. Which of the following is true?

Dr. Regent was evaluating the inter-rater reliability between Trisha and Fitz's study observations. Which would be the most appropriate statistic to measure agreement between their observations?

Tobi and Alix were both trained by Dr. Hamil in the coding for his rodent behavior lab. However, Tobi and Alix differed significantly in their observations of "Sugar" the mouse. Tobi was consistent and reliable in his coding and observations of "Sugar." Yet, Alix was much more erratic in her accounting of "Sugar's" behaviors. Dr. Hamil would likely rate Tobi with:

The most frequently occurring score in a set of data is referred to as the:

Blind observations mean that trained observers do not know:

Concealment studies tend to drastically reduce issues with all of the following, EXCEPT:

Researchers at a local advocacy center are interested in the types of behaviors foster children engage in when in the presence of their foster family in comparison with their biological family. This would be indicative of:

Developing a research question to determine what a person feels, thinks, or does would be best suited for:

Researchers attempted to re-create a small-town doctor experience by transforming the laboratory into a doctor's office and furnishing it with instruments, décor, and staff that would be similar in the real setting. The researchers are attempting to increase the _____ with their efforts.

(Scenario II) Which variable in Scenario II was a continuous variable?

In a 2007 study that examined individuals' reactions to insults during a local train ride in the Netherlands found a number of findings. The results indicated:

Dr. Timmons is investigating criminal behavior trajectories, specifically the length of time between the first criminal act committed and the first criminal act that resulted with incarceration in prison. Dr. Timmons is interviewing hundreds of prisoners for his data collection. Dr. Timmons will be playing close attention to:

Dr. Haltyn was conducting a case study on an adolescent male in the school setting. She attended all of his classes and sat in the back of the room and recorded all of the adolescent male's behaviors in each class throughout the day. This would be an example of:

Approximately _____ countries have banned the use of physical punishment, such as spanking, on moral grounds.

The deliberate infliction of pain by physical force for the purpose of discipline best describes:

(Scenario I) If Brandt and Crawford (2016) became members of a far-left liberal organization and a far-right conservative organization in order to study the attitudes of liberals and conservatives toward out-group members, they would have engaged in:

Tiana wants to see if individuals react differently to negative feedback from men than from women. Tiana and other trained researchers are conducting this study within a laboratory setting. This would be an example of a(n):