Question 1

Which pattern of reinforcement and punishment is most likely to lead children to attribute events to internal and controllable causes?

Accepted Answer

A) Successes are rewarded and failures are punished. 
B) Successes are ignored and failures are punished. 
C) Effort is rewarded, regardless of success or failure. 
D) Successes are rewarded and failures are ignored. 
A) Successes are rewarded and failures are punished. 
B) Successes are ignored and failures are punished. 
C) Effort is rewarded, regardless of success or failure. 
D) Successes are rewarded and failures are ignored. D

Question 2

Which one of the following students is most likely to have facilitating anxiety?

Accepted Answer

A) Ross does not begin his twenty-page research report for his psychology class until the night before it is due. 
B) Grant has heard that his statistics professor is an easy grader, so he is not the least bit worried about getting at least a B in his statistics course. 
C) Kurt cannot find the note cards he made for his book report, and in five minutes it will be his turn to give his report. 
D) Iain is nervous about doing well in the 100-meter dash. 
A) Ross does not begin his twenty-page research report for his psychology class until the night before it is due. 
B) Grant has heard that his statistics professor is an easy grader, so he is not the least bit worried about getting at least a B in his statistics course. 
C) Kurt cannot find the note cards he made for his book report, and in five minutes it will be his turn to give his report. 
D) Iain is nervous about doing well in the 100-meter dash. D

Question 3

Three of the following are part of a tip sheet authored by researchers at the University of Waterloo.Which one of the following is not necessarily a tip found on "Motivating students: Creating an inspiring environment"?

Accepted Answer

A) attend to students' sense of inclusion. 
B) attend to students' sense of competence. 
C) attend to students' personal meanings of course material. 
D) attend to students' self-handicapping strategies 
A) attend to students' sense of inclusion. 
B) attend to students' sense of competence. 
C) attend to students' personal meanings of course material. 
D) attend to students' self-handicapping strategies D

Question 4

What are the two additional conditions for intrinsic motivation?

Accepted Answer

A) self-reinforcement and drive. 
B) self-efficacy and achievement motivation. 
C) self-efficacy and self-determination. 
D) self-concept and self-determination. 
A) self-reinforcement and drive. 
B) self-efficacy and achievement motivation. 
C) self-efficacy and self-determination. 
D) self-concept and self-determination.

Question 5

Which one of the following examples characterizes anxiety rather than fear, as the textbook distinguishes between the two terms?

Accepted Answer

A) Olivia has to get up in front of her class to give an oral presentation about Central America.She has prepared well for the presentation but still feels nervous. 
B) Paula does not want to go home because she just failed a history exam.Her parents have told her she will be grounded for two weeks if she fails a test. 
C) Margot does not want to give her oral presentation about sickle-cell anemia.She always stutters badly, and she knows some of her classmates will laugh at her. 
D) Shannon is apprehensive about the possibility of a tornado.There have been several tornado warnings throughout the day, and she can hear the wind howling loudly outside the classroom window. 
A) Olivia has to get up in front of her class to give an oral presentation about Central America.She has prepared well for the presentation but still feels nervous. 
B) Paula does not want to go home because she just failed a history exam.Her parents have told her she will be grounded for two weeks if she fails a test. 
C) Margot does not want to give her oral presentation about sickle-cell anemia.She always stutters badly, and she knows some of her classmates will laugh at her. 
D) Shannon is apprehensive about the possibility of a tornado.There have been several tornado warnings throughout the day, and she can hear the wind howling loudly outside the classroom window.

Question 6

Mr.Maleska has high expectations for his students' classroom performance.With this in mind, we would expect him to:

Accepted Answer

A) overlook assignments on which they perform poorly. 
B) give students many opportunities to answer questions. 
C) give little if any feedback about how students are doing. 
D) give his students more help than they really need to complete tasks successfully. 
A) overlook assignments on which they perform poorly. 
B) give students many opportunities to answer questions. 
C) give little if any feedback about how students are doing. 
D) give his students more help than they really need to complete tasks successfully.

Question 7

Based on what you know about the need for affiliation, which of the following teachers in likely to be meeting the needs of all students in a diverse classroom?

Accepted Answer

A) Ms.Brown always uses group work in science class. 
B) Ms.Dupree allows students to choose whether they want to work independently or in groups for half of her math classes. 
C) Mr.Thompson gives independent seatwork to students who have behaviour problems. 
D) Mr.LeBlanc allows students free time to socialize once their reading is completed. 
A) Ms.Brown always uses group work in science class. 
B) Ms.Dupree allows students to choose whether they want to work independently or in groups for half of her math classes. 
C) Mr.Thompson gives independent seatwork to students who have behaviour problems. 
D) Mr.LeBlanc allows students free time to socialize once their reading is completed.

Question 8

Which one of the following exemplifies situational interest rather than personal interest?

Accepted Answer

A) Vijay finds the Guinness Book of World Records on a library shelf and is intrigued by the strange people it describes. 
B) Blaine cannot think of anything he would rather do than play video games with his friends. 
C) Chuck spends every Saturday and Sunday working on the 1951 Chevy in his garage. 
D) Harry loves to snorkel and hopes to major in marine biology when he goes to college. 
A) Vijay finds the Guinness Book of World Records on a library shelf and is intrigued by the strange people it describes. 
B) Blaine cannot think of anything he would rather do than play video games with his friends. 
C) Chuck spends every Saturday and Sunday working on the 1951 Chevy in his garage. 
D) Harry loves to snorkel and hopes to major in marine biology when he goes to college.

Question 9

Which one of the following statements indicates that the speaker is focused on a performance-avoidance goal?

Accepted Answer

A) "This is my chance to show all my classmates how smart I am." 
B) "Boy, I hope I don't screw this problem up.If I do, I'll look like an idiot." 
C) "I'd really like to become a better math student.I hope the teacher gives me feedback about how I can improve my skills." 
D) "I need to do well in my science classes so I can get into a good engineering school." 
A) "This is my chance to show all my classmates how smart I am." 
B) "Boy, I hope I don't screw this problem up.If I do, I'll look like an idiot." 
C) "I'd really like to become a better math student.I hope the teacher gives me feedback about how I can improve my skills." 
D) "I need to do well in my science classes so I can get into a good engineering school."

Question 10

Which one of the following examples best illustrates the concept of situated motivation?

Accepted Answer

A) Nathan gets extremely upset when he gets anything less than a perfect score on a test paper, probably because his parents have always expected him to be perfect at everything he does. 
B) Last year Ophelia was bored to tears in history class, but this year she loves history because her teacher seems to make the subject come alive. 
C) Polly is afraid of water because once, when she was a little girl, she almost drowned. 
D) Quinton would really like to play on his high school basketball team but, because he is quite short, he has settled for what he considers to be second-best, being on the wrestling team. 
A) Nathan gets extremely upset when he gets anything less than a perfect score on a test paper, probably because his parents have always expected him to be perfect at everything he does. 
B) Last year Ophelia was bored to tears in history class, but this year she loves history because her teacher seems to make the subject come alive. 
C) Polly is afraid of water because once, when she was a little girl, she almost drowned. 
D) Quinton would really like to play on his high school basketball team but, because he is quite short, he has settled for what he considers to be second-best, being on the wrestling team.

Question 11

Which one of the following is the best response to the question "Why does motivation often lead to improved academic performance?":

Accepted Answer

A) because it increases IQ scores. 
B) because of the indirect effects of energy and effort. 
C) because it help students to attend better. 
D) because it increases independence.. 
A) because it increases IQ scores. 
B) because of the indirect effects of energy and effort. 
C) because it help students to attend better. 
D) because it increases independence..

Question 12

Some motivation theorists believe that human beings have a basic need for relatedness.
a.Explain what theorists mean by this concept, and describe three different student behaviours you might see that would indicate a high need for relatedness.
b.Describe three different strategies you might use to address students' need for relatedness in the classroom.Be specific as to what you might do.

Accepted Answer

Responses to the two parts of the questi

Question 13

Which one of the following teachers is most likely to promote intrinsic motivation in his or her students?

Accepted Answer

A) Mr.Albertson promises his students that if they all finish their short stories by Friday morning, he will give them a half an hour of free time on Friday afternoon. 
B) Ms.Petrella describes events in history so vividly that her students are captivated during the entire lesson. 
C) Ms.Shaw tells students in her algebra class that she is extremely disappointed in their performance on the last test. 
D) Mr.Yoo sends "good news" letters home to parents whenever students have a B average or better. 
A) Mr.Albertson promises his students that if they all finish their short stories by Friday morning, he will give them a half an hour of free time on Friday afternoon. 
B) Ms.Petrella describes events in history so vividly that her students are captivated during the entire lesson. 
C) Ms.Shaw tells students in her algebra class that she is extremely disappointed in their performance on the last test. 
D) Mr.Yoo sends "good news" letters home to parents whenever students have a B average or better.

Question 14

Four students-Ann, Barbara, Carl, and David-do very well on a difficult mathematics test.Given what we know about gender differences in attributions, how are these students most likely to interpret their high test scores?

Accepted Answer

A) Ann and Barbara will say they tried hard; Carl and David will say they are just naturally good in math. 
B) Ann and Barbara will say they are naturally good in math; Carl and David will say they tried hard. 
C) Ann and Barbara will say they were lucky; Carl and David will say their teacher likes them. 
D) Ann and Barbara will say their teacher likes them; Carl and David will say they were lucky. 
A) Ann and Barbara will say they tried hard; Carl and David will say they are just naturally good in math. 
B) Ann and Barbara will say they are naturally good in math; Carl and David will say they tried hard. 
C) Ann and Barbara will say they were lucky; Carl and David will say their teacher likes them. 
D) Ann and Barbara will say their teacher likes them; Carl and David will say they were lucky.

Question 15

Kumar is a good student.He attributes his success partly to studying long hours and partly to his intelligence ("It runs in the family," he says).From the perspective of attribution theory, three of the following statements are likely to be accurate descriptions of Kumar.Which one is probably not an accurate description?

Accepted Answer

A) When he is confused about class material, he is reluctant to ask questions. 
B) He feels proud of his academic accomplishments. 
C) He expects to continue doing well in school over the next few years. 
D) He has high self-efficacy regarding school tasks. 
A) When he is confused about class material, he is reluctant to ask questions. 
B) He feels proud of his academic accomplishments. 
C) He expects to continue doing well in school over the next few years. 
D) He has high self-efficacy regarding school tasks.

Question 16

Which one of the following teaching strategies is most likely to increase students' sense of self-determination?

Accepted Answer

A) Mr.Elliot reminds his students that they cannot participate in the extracurricular sports program if their grade-point-averages fall below 2.0. 
B) Ms.Browning asks her third graders to develop some class rules to ensure that all class members will have a chance to express their ideas openly. 
C) Mr.Crowell explains to his middle school students why good writing skills are important in the business world. 
D) Mr.Diaz gives his students enough practice with basic arithmetic facts that they learn them to a level of automaticity. 
A) Mr.Elliot reminds his students that they cannot participate in the extracurricular sports program if their grade-point-averages fall below 2.0. 
B) Ms.Browning asks her third graders to develop some class rules to ensure that all class members will have a chance to express their ideas openly. 
C) Mr.Crowell explains to his middle school students why good writing skills are important in the business world. 
D) Mr.Diaz gives his students enough practice with basic arithmetic facts that they learn them to a level of automaticity.

Question 17

Which one of the following illustrates the role of expectancy in motivation?

Accepted Answer

A) Antonio plays for hours on end in the bathtub. 
B) Bernie's parents promise him a new bike if he can learn. 
C) Chip's older brother almost drowned last year. 
D) Drew is pretty sure he can learn if he tries. 
A) Antonio plays for hours on end in the bathtub. 
B) Bernie's parents promise him a new bike if he can learn. 
C) Chip's older brother almost drowned last year. 
D) Drew is pretty sure he can learn if he tries.

Question 18

A recent study by Programme for International Student Achievement (PISA, 2007) focused on achievement in science literacy among Canadian 15-year olds.Which of the following is not a finding from this study?

Accepted Answer

A) Canadian students scored above the International average. 
B) Students in French-language systems performed better than English-language systems across the country. 
C) Science achievement was related to parents' level of post-secondary education. 
D) Socio-Economic Status (SES) was related to science achievement. 
A) Canadian students scored above the International average. 
B) Students in French-language systems performed better than English-language systems across the country. 
C) Science achievement was related to parents' level of post-secondary education. 
D) Socio-Economic Status (SES) was related to science achievement.

Question 19

Three of the following strategies will enable us to capitalize on students' goals as we try to motivate them to learn and achieve in the classroom.Which strategy is not recommended?

Accepted Answer

A) Encourage students to focus on long-term rather than short-term goals. 
B) Keep students' accomplishments confidential, especially if they are trying to hide their high achievement from their peers. 
C) Plan activities through which students can simultaneously meet both their academic goals and their social goals. 
D) Show students how the things they learn in class are relevant to their present and future needs. 
A) Encourage students to focus on long-term rather than short-term goals. 
B) Keep students' accomplishments confidential, especially if they are trying to hide their high achievement from their peers. 
C) Plan activities through which students can simultaneously meet both their academic goals and their social goals. 
D) Show students how the things they learn in class are relevant to their present and future needs.

Question 20

Three of the following are typically associated with mastery goals.Which one is associated with performance goals (especially performance-avoidance goals)?

Accepted Answer

A) believing that competent people usually succeed without much effort 
B) believing that errors are an inevitable part of the learning process 
C) engaging in such processes as meaningful learning and elaboration 
D) being satisfied with one's performance if it shows improvement over time 
A) believing that competent people usually succeed without much effort 
B) believing that errors are an inevitable part of the learning process 
C) engaging in such processes as meaningful learning and elaboration 
D) being satisfied with one's performance if it shows improvement over time

Which pattern of reinforcement and punishment is most likely to lead children to attribute events to internal and controllable causes?

Which one of the following students is most likely to have facilitating anxiety?

Three of the following are part of a tip sheet authored by researchers at the University of Waterloo.Which one of the following is not necessarily a tip found on "Motivating students: Creating an inspiring environment"?

What are the two additional conditions for intrinsic motivation?

Which one of the following examples characterizes anxiety rather than fear, as the textbook distinguishes between the two terms?

Mr.Maleska has high expectations for his students' classroom performance.With this in mind, we would expect him to:

Based on what you know about the need for affiliation, which of the following teachers in likely to be meeting the needs of all students in a diverse classroom?

Which one of the following exemplifies situational interest rather than personal interest?

Which one of the following statements indicates that the speaker is focused on a performance-avoidance goal?

Which one of the following examples best illustrates the concept of situated motivation?

Which one of the following is the best response to the question "Why does motivation often lead to improved academic performance?":

Which one of the following teachers is most likely to promote intrinsic motivation in his or her students?

Four students-Ann, Barbara, Carl, and David-do very well on a difficult mathematics test.Given what we know about gender differences in attributions, how are these students most likely to interpret their high test scores?

Which one of the following teaching strategies is most likely to increase students' sense of self-determination?

Which one of the following illustrates the role of expectancy in motivation?

A recent study by Programme for International Student Achievement (PISA, 2007) focused on achievement in science literacy among Canadian 15-year olds.Which of the following is not a finding from this study?

Three of the following strategies will enable us to capitalize on students' goals as we try to motivate them to learn and achieve in the classroom.Which strategy is not recommended?

Three of the following are typically associated with mastery goals.Which one is associated with performance goals (especially performance-avoidance goals)?

Educational Psychology and Teacher Decision Making

Cognitive and Linguistic Development

Personal, Social, and Moral Development

Individual and Group Differences

Learning and Behaviour Processes

Learning and Cognitive Processes

Knowledge Construction

Social Cognitive Views of Learning

Instructional Strategies

Creating and Maintaining a Productive Classroom Environment

Instructional Assessment

Describing Relationships with Correlation Coefficients

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Exam 9: Motivation, Affect, and Cognition

Which pattern of reinforcement and punishment is most likely to lead children to attribute events to internal and controllable causes?

Which one of the following students is most likely to have facilitating anxiety?

Three of the following are part of a tip sheet authored by researchers at the University of Waterloo.Which one of the following is not necessarily a tip found on "Motivating students: Creating an inspiring environment"?

What are the two additional conditions for intrinsic motivation?

Which one of the following examples characterizes anxiety rather than fear, as the textbook distinguishes between the two terms?

Mr.Maleska has high expectations for his students' classroom performance.With this in mind, we would expect him to:

Based on what you know about the need for affiliation, which of the following teachers in likely to be meeting the needs of all students in a diverse classroom?

Which one of the following exemplifies situational interest rather than personal interest?

Which one of the following statements indicates that the speaker is focused on a performance-avoidance goal?

Which one of the following examples best illustrates the concept of situated motivation?

Which one of the following is the best response to the question "Why does motivation often lead to improved academic performance?":

Which one of the following teachers is most likely to promote intrinsic motivation in his or her students?

Four students-Ann, Barbara, Carl, and David-do very well on a difficult mathematics test.Given what we know about gender differences in attributions, how are these students most likely to interpret their high test scores?

Which one of the following teaching strategies is most likely to increase students' sense of self-determination?

Which one of the following illustrates the role of expectancy in motivation?

A recent study by Programme for International Student Achievement (PISA, 2007) focused on achievement in science literacy among Canadian 15-year olds.Which of the following is not a finding from this study?

Three of the following strategies will enable us to capitalize on students' goals as we try to motivate them to learn and achieve in the classroom.Which strategy is not recommended?

Three of the following are typically associated with mastery goals.Which one is associated with performance goals (especially performance-avoidance goals)?

Educational Psychology and Teacher Decision Making

Cognitive and Linguistic Development

Personal, Social, and Moral Development

Individual and Group Differences

Learning and Behaviour Processes

Learning and Cognitive Processes

Knowledge Construction

Social Cognitive Views of Learning

Instructional Strategies

Creating and Maintaining a Productive Classroom Environment

Instructional Assessment

Describing Relationships with Correlation Coefficients

Filters