Question 1

When students summarize material they are studying, they learn it more thoroughly.Which one of these students is most effectively summarizing?

Accepted Answer

A) Jerry writes down the important ideas and identifies relationships among them. 
B) Laura writes down everything she can remember from the lesson. 
C) Nora writes each main point on a separate index card and then jots down all the details she can remember about each one. 
D) Phyllis lists the general themes of a lesson in single words and short phrases. 
A) Jerry writes down the important ideas and identifies relationships among them. 
B) Laura writes down everything she can remember from the lesson. 
C) Nora writes each main point on a separate index card and then jots down all the details she can remember about each one. 
D) Phyllis lists the general themes of a lesson in single words and short phrases. A

Question 2

Which of the following is considered to be the construction of a logical but incorrect memory?

Accepted Answer

A) social construction. 
B) elaboration. 
C) reconstruction error. 
D) co-construction fallacy. 
A) social construction. 
B) elaboration. 
C) reconstruction error. 
D) co-construction fallacy. C

Question 3

Ms.McNamara is teaching her students the concept of reptile.Ms.McNamara should not:

Accepted Answer

A) tell her students the defining features of a reptile. 
B) encourage her students to undergeneralize at first. 
C) show her students examples of reptiles. 
D) show her students things that are not reptiles. 
A) tell her students the defining features of a reptile. 
B) encourage her students to undergeneralize at first. 
C) show her students examples of reptiles. 
D) show her students things that are not reptiles. B

Question 4

Which one of the following pairs of students best illustrates a difference with respect to students' epistemological beliefs?

Accepted Answer

A) Irene thinks that doing well in high school is important for getting into a good college, but Isabelle thinks that she can get into college with mediocre grades as long as she has good references. 
B) Julie likes going to school because that is where she sees her friends every day, but Janette likes going to school because of all the new things she learns there. 
C) Keith thinks that learning geography means memorizing place names, but Kareem thinks that learning geography means understanding migration and settlement patterns. 
D) Lorne is well aware of the criteria that his teacher is using to evaluate his classroom performance, but Luke is clueless about why he is doing poorly in the same teacher's class. 
A) Irene thinks that doing well in high school is important for getting into a good college, but Isabelle thinks that she can get into college with mediocre grades as long as she has good references. 
B) Julie likes going to school because that is where she sees her friends every day, but Janette likes going to school because of all the new things she learns there. 
C) Keith thinks that learning geography means memorizing place names, but Kareem thinks that learning geography means understanding migration and settlement patterns. 
D) Lorne is well aware of the criteria that his teacher is using to evaluate his classroom performance, but Luke is clueless about why he is doing poorly in the same teacher's class.

Question 5

Which one of the following examples best illustrates the concept of distributed cognition?

Accepted Answer

A) Edie, Linda, and Dexter discuss various ways they might solve a physics problem. 
B) Mark, Jason, and Leanne each solve one-third of their homework problems and then share their results with the other two. 
C) Rhonda watches her favorite situation comedy while simultaneously eating an apple and doing her homework. 
D) Reginald thinks about the various plots he might use in the short story he is writing and then eventually chooses one of them. 
A) Edie, Linda, and Dexter discuss various ways they might solve a physics problem. 
B) Mark, Jason, and Leanne each solve one-third of their homework problems and then share their results with the other two. 
C) Rhonda watches her favorite situation comedy while simultaneously eating an apple and doing her homework. 
D) Reginald thinks about the various plots he might use in the short story he is writing and then eventually chooses one of them.

Question 6

The textbook advocates the use of classroom dialogues for promoting knowledge construction.Which one of the following student interactions is most likely to be effective in this regard?

Accepted Answer

A) Two students work together on a crossword puzzle that includes the new spelling words. 
B) The students in a cooperative learning group discuss different ways of solving a certain math problem. 
C) When a French teacher begins class by saying, "Comment allez-vous?" the students reply in unison, "Trés bien." 
D) Two students help each other prepare for a quiz by giving each other practice test questions. 
A) Two students work together on a crossword puzzle that includes the new spelling words. 
B) The students in a cooperative learning group discuss different ways of solving a certain math problem. 
C) When a French teacher begins class by saying, "Comment allez-vous?" the students reply in unison, "Trés bien." 
D) Two students help each other prepare for a quiz by giving each other practice test questions.

Question 7

Which one of the following teaching strategies best illustrates many educational psychologists' belief that, in some situations, less is more?

Accepted Answer

A) Provide a general overview of a topic before discussing it in depth. 
B) Present general ideas about a topic but minimize the use of supporting details. 
C) Teach fewer topics, but teach each one more thoroughly. 
D) Teach classroom material in short intervals of time, with lessons typically lasting 30 minutes at the most. 
A) Provide a general overview of a topic before discussing it in depth. 
B) Present general ideas about a topic but minimize the use of supporting details. 
C) Teach fewer topics, but teach each one more thoroughly. 
D) Teach classroom material in short intervals of time, with lessons typically lasting 30 minutes at the most.

Question 8

Three of the following teachers are following recommended practices for teaching concepts.Which one is not?

Accepted Answer

A) Mr.Adams teaches the concept fruit by showing examples of many different fruits and many different non-fruits. 
B) Mr.Benson teaches the concept reptile by limiting class discussion to dinosaurs-animals that students find especially interesting. 
C) Mr.Carlson teaches the concept vertebrate by giving a definition of the concept. 
D) After a lesson on the concept carbohydrate, Mr.Danielson asks students to give their own examples of the concept. 
A) Mr.Adams teaches the concept fruit by showing examples of many different fruits and many different non-fruits. 
B) Mr.Benson teaches the concept reptile by limiting class discussion to dinosaurs-animals that students find especially interesting. 
C) Mr.Carlson teaches the concept vertebrate by giving a definition of the concept. 
D) After a lesson on the concept carbohydrate, Mr.Danielson asks students to give their own examples of the concept.

Question 9

Which one of the following is said to increase meta-cognitive awareness and classroom achievement?

Accepted Answer

A) opportunities for conceptual change. 
B) knowledge of effective learning strategies. 
C) challenging homework. 
D) knowledge of subject matter. 
A) opportunities for conceptual change. 
B) knowledge of effective learning strategies. 
C) challenging homework. 
D) knowledge of subject matter.

Question 10

Three of the following strategies should help students learn to encode problems correctly in memory.Which one is unlikely to do so?

Accepted Answer

A) Make problems concrete for students. 
B) Point out features of a problem that give clues about how to solve it. 
C) Have students draw a picture of the problem. 
D) Have students work exclusively on one kind of problem at a time. 
A) Make problems concrete for students. 
B) Point out features of a problem that give clues about how to solve it. 
C) Have students draw a picture of the problem. 
D) Have students work exclusively on one kind of problem at a time.

Question 11

Describe what psychologists mean by the terms schema and script, and illustrate each of these concepts with a concrete example.Then explain how schemas and scripts sometimes play a role in knowledge construction.

Accepted Answer

A schema is an organized body of knowled

Question 12

Which one of the following examples most clearly illustrates the role of retrieval in problem solving?

Accepted Answer

A) Phillip is trying to solve a physics problem on a class exam.He is so anxious that he cannot remember how to do the problem. 
B) Aaron is trying to solve a problem on his physics test, but he was absent the day his teacher talked about such problems. 
C) Charlie is doing a series of addition problems.He overlooks the subtraction sign on the last problem, so he adds when he should subtract. 
D) Matthew is angry that another boy stole his bicycle, and so he steals a bicycle from someone else. 
A) Phillip is trying to solve a physics problem on a class exam.He is so anxious that he cannot remember how to do the problem. 
B) Aaron is trying to solve a problem on his physics test, but he was absent the day his teacher talked about such problems. 
C) Charlie is doing a series of addition problems.He overlooks the subtraction sign on the last problem, so he adds when he should subtract. 
D) Matthew is angry that another boy stole his bicycle, and so he steals a bicycle from someone else.

Question 13

In cognitive psychology, a script can best be described as:

Accepted Answer

A) a particular way of talking oneself through a difficult situation. 
B) knowledge about the typical sequence of events in an activity. 
C) the things (e.g., "small talk") that someone typically says when initiating a conversation with someone else. 
D) the strategy that a teacher suggests a student use to remember classroom material. 
A) a particular way of talking oneself through a difficult situation. 
B) knowledge about the typical sequence of events in an activity. 
C) the things (e.g., "small talk") that someone typically says when initiating a conversation with someone else. 
D) the strategy that a teacher suggests a student use to remember classroom material.

Question 14

Which one of the following is not necessarily a part of study skills training programs??

Accepted Answer

A) use domain specific context. 
B) independent study. 
C) initial scaffolding. 
D) explain utility of strategies. 
A) use domain specific context. 
B) independent study. 
C) initial scaffolding. 
D) explain utility of strategies.

Question 15

Cameron has been playing golf with his parents for many years.When he goes out for the school baseball team, he has trouble hitting the ball because he keeps confusing the swing of the bat with how he swings a golf club.Cameron's difficulty reflects:

Accepted Answer

A) negative transfer. 
B) general transfer. 
C) mental set in problem solving. 
D) rote learning. 
A) negative transfer. 
B) general transfer. 
C) mental set in problem solving. 
D) rote learning.

Question 16

Considering contemporary theorists' views on general transfer, the skill most likely to transfer across very different situations is the ability to:

Accepted Answer

A) be creative. 
B) take good notes on a lecture. 
C) remember complex ideas. 
D) memorize a poem. 
A) be creative. 
B) take good notes on a lecture. 
C) remember complex ideas. 
D) memorize a poem.

Question 17

Only one of the following students is definitely engaging in critical thinking.Which one?

Accepted Answer

A) Louisa has a puzzled look as she reads her textbook."I don't understand what the author is trying to say," she thinks. 
B) Samuel reads over his responses to the on an astronomy test."I think I've done my best," he tells himself."I'm pretty sure I answered the first two questions correctly.I'm not so sure how well I did on the last question, however." 
C) As Morgan watches her lab partner experiment with a pendulum, she says, "You just changed the length of the string at the same time you added more weight.That won't tell us anything." 
D) Raul jumps at the chance to learn how to use desktop publishing software."I'm particularly interested in learning how to integrate text and graphics," he tells his teacher. 
A) Louisa has a puzzled look as she reads her textbook."I don't understand what the author is trying to say," she thinks. 
B) Samuel reads over his responses to the on an astronomy test."I think I've done my best," he tells himself."I'm pretty sure I answered the first two questions correctly.I'm not so sure how well I did on the last question, however." 
C) As Morgan watches her lab partner experiment with a pendulum, she says, "You just changed the length of the string at the same time you added more weight.That won't tell us anything." 
D) Raul jumps at the chance to learn how to use desktop publishing software."I'm particularly interested in learning how to integrate text and graphics," he tells his teacher.

Question 18

Morris is trying to remember how to spell the word broccoli.He retrieves the first three letters (B R O) and the last three (O L I), then assumes that the "kuh" sound in the middle of the word must be a K.He writes "brokoli" on his paper.Morris' process of remembering how to spell the word (in this case, incorrectly) illustrates the use of:

Accepted Answer

A) a script. 
B) a retrieval cue. 
C) construction in retrieval. 
D) verbal mediation. 
A) a script. 
B) a retrieval cue. 
C) construction in retrieval. 
D) verbal mediation.

Question 19

You are hired to teach a struggling student (Joy) more effective study skills.Describe five different strategies that you will teach Joy so that she can study and learn more effectively.Include at least one strategy that will enable Joy to transfer the things she learns to new situations.

Accepted Answer

Strategies for teaching Joy effective st

Question 20

Three of the following strategies should help your students solve ill-defined problems more effectively.Which strategy is least likely to be useful to them?

Accepted Answer

A) Teach them to break a problem into several smaller and better-defined problems. 
B) Help them identify which pieces of information they need and which they do not. 
C) Teach them how to use the library or Internet to find any information they may need to solve the problem. 
D) If they get overly frustrated with the problem, give them the correct answer and explain the algorithm you used to find it. 
A) Teach them to break a problem into several smaller and better-defined problems. 
B) Help them identify which pieces of information they need and which they do not. 
C) Teach them how to use the library or Internet to find any information they may need to solve the problem. 
D) If they get overly frustrated with the problem, give them the correct answer and explain the algorithm you used to find it.

When students summarize material they are studying, they learn it more thoroughly.Which one of these students is most effectively summarizing?

Which of the following is considered to be the construction of a logical but incorrect memory?

Ms.McNamara is teaching her students the concept of reptile.Ms.McNamara should not:

Which one of the following pairs of students best illustrates a difference with respect to students' epistemological beliefs?

Which one of the following examples best illustrates the concept of distributed cognition?

The textbook advocates the use of classroom dialogues for promoting knowledge construction.Which one of the following student interactions is most likely to be effective in this regard?

Which one of the following teaching strategies best illustrates many educational psychologists' belief that, in some situations, less is more?

Three of the following teachers are following recommended practices for teaching concepts.Which one is not?

Which one of the following is said to increase meta-cognitive awareness and classroom achievement?

Three of the following strategies should help students learn to encode problems correctly in memory.Which one is unlikely to do so?

Describe what psychologists mean by the terms schema and script, and illustrate each of these concepts with a concrete example.Then explain how schemas and scripts sometimes play a role in knowledge construction.

Which one of the following examples most clearly illustrates the role of retrieval in problem solving?

In cognitive psychology, a script can best be described as:

Which one of the following is not necessarily a part of study skills training programs??

Cameron has been playing golf with his parents for many years.When he goes out for the school baseball team, he has trouble hitting the ball because he keeps confusing the swing of the bat with how he swings a golf club.Cameron's difficulty reflects:

Considering contemporary theorists' views on general transfer, the skill most likely to transfer across very different situations is the ability to:

Only one of the following students is definitely engaging in critical thinking.Which one?

You are hired to teach a struggling student (Joy) more effective study skills.Describe five different strategies that you will teach Joy so that she can study and learn more effectively.Include at least one strategy that will enable Joy to transfer the things she learns to new situations.

Three of the following strategies should help your students solve ill-defined problems more effectively.Which strategy is least likely to be useful to them?

Educational Psychology and Teacher Decision Making

Cognitive and Linguistic Development

Personal, Social, and Moral Development

Individual and Group Differences

Learning and Behaviour Processes

Learning and Cognitive Processes

Social Cognitive Views of Learning

Motivation, Affect, and Cognition

Instructional Strategies

Creating and Maintaining a Productive Classroom Environment

Instructional Assessment

Describing Relationships with Correlation Coefficients

Filters

Exam 7: Knowledge Construction

When students summarize material they are studying, they learn it more thoroughly.Which one of these students is most effectively summarizing?

Which of the following is considered to be the construction of a logical but incorrect memory?

Ms.McNamara is teaching her students the concept of reptile.Ms.McNamara should not:

Which one of the following pairs of students best illustrates a difference with respect to students' epistemological beliefs?

Which one of the following examples best illustrates the concept of distributed cognition?

The textbook advocates the use of classroom dialogues for promoting knowledge construction.Which one of the following student interactions is most likely to be effective in this regard?

Which one of the following teaching strategies best illustrates many educational psychologists' belief that, in some situations, less is more?

Three of the following teachers are following recommended practices for teaching concepts.Which one is not?

Which one of the following is said to increase meta-cognitive awareness and classroom achievement?

Three of the following strategies should help students learn to encode problems correctly in memory.Which one is unlikely to do so?

Describe what psychologists mean by the terms schema and script, and illustrate each of these concepts with a concrete example.Then explain how schemas and scripts sometimes play a role in knowledge construction.

Which one of the following examples most clearly illustrates the role of retrieval in problem solving?

In cognitive psychology, a script can best be described as:

Which one of the following is not necessarily a part of study skills training programs??

Cameron has been playing golf with his parents for many years.When he goes out for the school baseball team, he has trouble hitting the ball because he keeps confusing the swing of the bat with how he swings a golf club.Cameron's difficulty reflects:

Considering contemporary theorists' views on general transfer, the skill most likely to transfer across very different situations is the ability to:

Only one of the following students is definitely engaging in critical thinking.Which one?

You are hired to teach a struggling student (Joy) more effective study skills.Describe five different strategies that you will teach Joy so that she can study and learn more effectively.Include at least one strategy that will enable Joy to transfer the things she learns to new situations.

Three of the following strategies should help your students solve ill-defined problems more effectively.Which strategy is least likely to be useful to them?

Educational Psychology and Teacher Decision Making

Cognitive and Linguistic Development

Personal, Social, and Moral Development

Individual and Group Differences

Learning and Behaviour Processes

Learning and Cognitive Processes

Social Cognitive Views of Learning

Motivation, Affect, and Cognition

Instructional Strategies

Creating and Maintaining a Productive Classroom Environment

Instructional Assessment

Describing Relationships with Correlation Coefficients

Filters