Question 1

Young children who are given the opportunity for increased self-directed visual experiences also experience a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) increase in their vocabularies. 
B) increase in their motor skill progression. 
C) decrease in self-locomotion. 
D) decrease in visual perception. 
A) increase in their vocabularies. 
B) increase in their motor skill progression. 
C) decrease in self-locomotion. 
D) decrease in visual perception.

Question 2

Which theme has been contentious within developmental psychology since the inception of the field?

Accepted Answer

A) nature versus nurture 
B) continuity versus discontinuity 
C) stability versus instability 
D) active versus passivity 
A) nature versus nurture 
B) continuity versus discontinuity 
C) stability versus instability 
D) active versus passivity

Question 3

An infant's sibling always jumps off his bed with a loud bang after he wakes up from his nap. He then comes downstairs and greets the infant with a tickle, making the infant laugh and cough reflexively. Eventually, the infant begins to laugh and cough reflexively when he hears the bang, even before he sees his brother. In this scenario, the loud bang is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) conditioned stimulus. 
B) unconditioned stimulus. 
C) conditioned response. 
D) unconditioned response. 
A) conditioned stimulus. 
B) unconditioned stimulus. 
C) conditioned response. 
D) unconditioned response.

Question 4

Discuss three cues used for depth perception. For each type of cue, provide a definition, an example, and the age at which it develops.

Accepted Answer

Depth perception and distance knowledge

Question 5

Which statement about infants' colour vision is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A) By the end of the 1st month, infants' colour vision is similar to that of adults. 
B) Four-month-olds prefer more complex colours to basic colours. 
C) Two-month-olds respond similarly to two different shades of blue. 
D) All of these statements are true. 
A) By the end of the 1st month, infants' colour vision is similar to that of adults. 
B) Four-month-olds prefer more complex colours to basic colours. 
C) Two-month-olds respond similarly to two different shades of blue. 
D) All of these statements are true.

Question 6

Which statement about self-locomotion is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A) All infants begin self-locomotion with belly crawling. 
B) Infants typically begin to walk independently at approximately 11 to 12 months. 
C) Most belly crawlers shift to hands-and-knees crawling. 
D) Infants adjust their mode of self-locomotion according to their perception of the surface. 
A) All infants begin self-locomotion with belly crawling. 
B) Infants typically begin to walk independently at approximately 11 to 12 months. 
C) Most belly crawlers shift to hands-and-knees crawling. 
D) Infants adjust their mode of self-locomotion according to their perception of the surface.

Question 7

Habituation to a stimulus and increased response to a novel stimulus does NOT indicate

Accepted Answer

A) a preference for novelty. 
B) the ability to differentiate between the two stimuli. 
C) learning. 
D) a preference for the characteristics of the novel stimulus over the old one. 
A) a preference for novelty. 
B) the ability to differentiate between the two stimuli. 
C) learning. 
D) a preference for the characteristics of the novel stimulus over the old one.

Question 8

When a child tries to pick up an object from a 2-D representation, he or she is demonstrating a _____ error.

Accepted Answer

A) scale 
B) grasp 
C) media 
D) motor 
A) scale 
B) grasp 
C) media 
D) motor

Question 9

Individual differences in motor maturity at _____ months of age predict children's academic achievement at the age of 14 years.

Accepted Answer

A) 4 
B) 5 
C) 10 
D) 24 
A) 4 
B) 5 
C) 10 
D) 24

Question 10

Research on the music perception of infants has demonstrated that, with experience, humans

Accepted Answer

A) become less sensitive to differences in musical stimuli. 
B) become more sensitive to differences in musical stimuli. 
C) come to prefer consonant music over dissonant music. 
D) come to prefer dissonant music over consonant music. 
A) become less sensitive to differences in musical stimuli. 
B) become more sensitive to differences in musical stimuli. 
C) come to prefer consonant music over dissonant music. 
D) come to prefer dissonant music over consonant music.

Question 11

Optical expansion is a cue used to perceive

Accepted Answer

A) depth. 
B) colour. 
C) relative size. 
D) patterns. 
A) depth. 
B) colour. 
C) relative size. 
D) patterns.

Question 12

Many current theorists of motor development, including Esther Thelen, take the _____ approach.

Accepted Answer

A) dynamic-systems 
B) evolutionary 
C) Piagetian 
D) changing-modules 
A) dynamic-systems 
B) evolutionary 
C) Piagetian 
D) changing-modules

Question 13

Describe the visual abilities of newborn infants and research methodologies used to study infant vision development.

Accepted Answer

It was originally assumed that newborn i

Question 14

Which culture does not actively encourage motor development in infants?

Accepted Answer

A) Gusii 
B) Wolof 
C) Kung San 
D) urban China 
A) Gusii 
B) Wolof 
C) Kung San 
D) urban China

Question 15

Research using shallow and steep inclines has NOT demonstrated that

Accepted Answer

A) inexperienced crawlers are poor judges of what they can and cannot handle. 
B) infants are able to transfer judgment skills learned as crawlers to walking. 
C) experienced crawlers will disregard parents' encouragement when it is inconsistent with their own judgment. 
D) infants have to learn from experience what they can and cannot do. 
A) inexperienced crawlers are poor judges of what they can and cannot handle. 
B) infants are able to transfer judgment skills learned as crawlers to walking. 
C) experienced crawlers will disregard parents' encouragement when it is inconsistent with their own judgment. 
D) infants have to learn from experience what they can and cannot do.

Question 16

The idea that we learn by doing is called

Accepted Answer

A) social knowledge. 
B) object permanence. 
C) active learning. 
D) rational learning. 
A) social knowledge. 
B) object permanence. 
C) active learning. 
D) rational learning.

Question 17

Infants as young as _____ look longer at visual displays in which dimensions in each modality are congruent.

Accepted Answer

A) 2 months 
B) 4 months 
C) 9 months 
D) 13 months 
A) 2 months 
B) 4 months 
C) 9 months 
D) 13 months

Question 18

To elicit _____, the auditory syllable ba is dubbed onto a video of a person speaking the syllable ga. Someone watching this will hear the syllabus da.

Accepted Answer

A) the McGurk effect 
B) contrast sensitivity 
C) visual scanning 
D) perceptual constancy 
A) the McGurk effect 
B) contrast sensitivity 
C) visual scanning 
D) perceptual constancy

Question 19

The use of preferential looking to measure infants' visual acuity draws from research demonstrating that infants consistently prefer to look at _____ over _____.

Accepted Answer

A) simple designs; complex designs 
B) the colour red; the colour blue 
C) their mothers' faces; their fathers' faces 
D) a pattern; a grey block 
A) simple designs; complex designs 
B) the colour red; the colour blue 
C) their mothers' faces; their fathers' faces 
D) a pattern; a grey block

Question 20

Studies in which young infants were given "sticky mittens" demonstrated that

Accepted Answer

A) disrupting the necessity of reaching disrupted the natural maturation process. 
B) increased ability to interact with objects was associated with decreased interest in social partners. 
C) object exploration led to earlier reaching. 
D) pre-reaching behaviours emerged prior to 4 months of age. 
A) disrupting the necessity of reaching disrupted the natural maturation process. 
B) increased ability to interact with objects was associated with decreased interest in social partners. 
C) object exploration led to earlier reaching. 
D) pre-reaching behaviours emerged prior to 4 months of age.

Young children who are given the opportunity for increased self-directed visual experiences also experience a(n)

Which theme has been contentious within developmental psychology since the inception of the field?

Discuss three cues used for depth perception. For each type of cue, provide a definition, an example, and the age at which it develops.

Which statement about infants' colour vision is TRUE?

Which statement about self-locomotion is NOT true?

Habituation to a stimulus and increased response to a novel stimulus does NOT indicate

When a child tries to pick up an object from a 2-D representation, he or she is demonstrating a _____ error.

Individual differences in motor maturity at _____ months of age predict children's academic achievement at the age of 14 years.

Research on the music perception of infants has demonstrated that, with experience, humans

Optical expansion is a cue used to perceive

Many current theorists of motor development, including Esther Thelen, take the _____ approach.

Describe the visual abilities of newborn infants and research methodologies used to study infant vision development.

Which culture does not actively encourage motor development in infants?

Research using shallow and steep inclines has NOT demonstrated that

The idea that we learn by doing is called

Infants as young as _____ look longer at visual displays in which dimensions in each modality are congruent.

To elicit _____, the auditory syllable ba is dubbed onto a video of a person speaking the syllable ga. Someone watching this will hear the syllabus da.

The use of preferential looking to measure infants' visual acuity draws from research demonstrating that infants consistently prefer to look at _ over _.

Studies in which young infants were given "sticky mittens" demonstrated that

An Introduction to Child Development

Prenatal Development and the Newborn Period

Biology and Behavior

Theories of Cognitive Development

Development of Language and Symbol Use

Conceptual Development

Intelligence and Academic Achievement

Theories of Social Development

Emotional Development

Attachment to Others and Development of Self

The Family

Peer Relationships

Moral Development

Gender Development

Conclusions

Filters

Exam 5: Perception, Action, and Learning in Infancy

Young children who are given the opportunity for increased self-directed visual experiences also experience a(n)

Which theme has been contentious within developmental psychology since the inception of the field?

Discuss three cues used for depth perception. For each type of cue, provide a definition, an example, and the age at which it develops.

Which statement about infants' colour vision is TRUE?

Which statement about self-locomotion is NOT true?

Habituation to a stimulus and increased response to a novel stimulus does NOT indicate

When a child tries to pick up an object from a 2-D representation, he or she is demonstrating a _____ error.

Individual differences in motor maturity at _____ months of age predict children's academic achievement at the age of 14 years.

Research on the music perception of infants has demonstrated that, with experience, humans

Optical expansion is a cue used to perceive

Many current theorists of motor development, including Esther Thelen, take the _____ approach.

Describe the visual abilities of newborn infants and research methodologies used to study infant vision development.

Which culture does not actively encourage motor development in infants?

Research using shallow and steep inclines has NOT demonstrated that

The idea that we learn by doing is called

Infants as young as _____ look longer at visual displays in which dimensions in each modality are congruent.

To elicit _____, the auditory syllable ba is dubbed onto a video of a person speaking the syllable ga. Someone watching this will hear the syllabus da.

The use of preferential looking to measure infants' visual acuity draws from research demonstrating that infants consistently prefer to look at _____ over _____.

Studies in which young infants were given "sticky mittens" demonstrated that

An Introduction to Child Development

Prenatal Development and the Newborn Period

Biology and Behavior

Theories of Cognitive Development

Development of Language and Symbol Use

Conceptual Development

Intelligence and Academic Achievement

Theories of Social Development

Emotional Development

Attachment to Others and Development of Self

The Family

Peer Relationships

Moral Development

Gender Development

Conclusions

Filters

The use of preferential looking to measure infants' visual acuity draws from research demonstrating that infants consistently prefer to look at _ over _.