Question 1

The process of eliminating those lymphocytes that react or respond against self-antigens is called

Accepted Answer

A)  phagocytosis. 
B)  inflammation. 
C)  negative selection. 
D)  activation of complement. 
E)  natural selection. 
A)  phagocytosis. 
B)  inflammation. 
C)  negative selection. 
D)  activation of complement. 
E)  natural selection. C

Question 2

Which of the following is usually the first cell type to leave the blood and enter infected tissues?

Accepted Answer

A)  eosinophil 
B)  lymphocyte 
C)  monocyte 
D)  natural killer cell 
E)  neutrophil 
A)  eosinophil 
B)  lymphocyte 
C)  monocyte 
D)  natural killer cell 
E)  neutrophil E

Question 3

Defense mechanisms that respond at the same speed and efficiency upon repeated exposure are classified as ______ immunity and defense mechanisms that increase in speed and strength upon repeated exposure are classified as ______ immunity.

Accepted Answer

A)  innate; non-specific 
B)  adaptive; innate 
C)  specific; innate 
D)  innate; adaptive 
A)  innate; non-specific 
B)  adaptive; innate 
C)  specific; innate 
D)  innate; adaptive D

Question 4

Several days after an initial contact with an antigen, antibody blood levels increases. This is a

Accepted Answer

A)  primer response. 
B)  primary response. 
C)  precipitating response. 
D)  principle response. 
E)  cascade response. 
A)  primer response. 
B)  primary response. 
C)  precipitating response. 
D)  principle response. 
E)  cascade response.

Question 5

Match the appropriate characteristic with the type of immunity.
-tears and saliva

Accepted Answer

A) innate immunity 
B) antibody-mediated immunity 
C) cell-mediated immunity 
D) both antibody and cell-mediated immunity 
E) innate immunity, antibody-mediated immunity and cell-mediated immunity 
A) innate immunity 
B) antibody-mediated immunity 
C) cell-mediated immunity 
D) both antibody and cell-mediated immunity 
E) innate immunity, antibody-mediated immunity and cell-mediated immunity

Question 6

An MHC class II/antigen complex on the surface of an antigen-presenting cell (APC) binds to a T-cell receptor. What results from this interaction?

Accepted Answer

A)  Other immune cells are inhibited 
B)  The antigen is phagocytized by the T cell 
C)  The T cell responds by directly destroying the APC 
D)  Other immune cells are stimulated to respond to the antigen 
A)  Other immune cells are inhibited 
B)  The antigen is phagocytized by the T cell 
C)  The T cell responds by directly destroying the APC 
D)  Other immune cells are stimulated to respond to the antigen

Question 7

Nonencapsulated lymphatic tissue called MALT includes all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

A)  tonsils. 
B)  Peyer patches. 
C)  lymph nodes. 
D)  diffuse lymphatic tissue. 
A)  tonsils. 
B)  Peyer patches. 
C)  lymph nodes. 
D)  diffuse lymphatic tissue.

Question 8

A surface chemical that prevents microbial growth is

Accepted Answer

A)  histamine. 
B)  leukotriene. 
C)  sebum. 
D)  kinin. 
E)  interferon. 
A)  histamine. 
B)  leukotriene. 
C)  sebum. 
D)  kinin. 
E)  interferon.

Question 9

During the development of lymphocytes, some pre-T and pre-B cells survive and develop into cells capable of an immune response, this is referred to as ______ selection. However some cells are suppressed from responding to self antigens, this is referred to as ______ selection.

Accepted Answer

A)  negative; positive 
B)  neutral; negative 
C)  negative; neutral 
D)  neutral; positive 
E)  positive; negative 
A)  negative; positive 
B)  neutral; negative 
C)  negative; neutral 
D)  neutral; positive 
E)  positive; negative

Question 10

Stimulating the proliferation of cytotoxic T cells to destroy cancer cells is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  immunotherapy. 
B)  immunocompetence. 
C)  tolerance. 
D)  passive artificial acquired immunity. 
E)  passive natural acquired immunity. 
A)  immunotherapy. 
B)  immunocompetence. 
C)  tolerance. 
D)  passive artificial acquired immunity. 
E)  passive natural acquired immunity.

Question 11

Which of the following statements accurately describes the thymus gland?

Accepted Answer

A)  The thymus gland lacks a capsule. 
B)  The thymus gland contains many reticular fibers. 
C)  The thymus gland decreases in size after age 60. 
D)  Lymphocytes are found only in the medulla of the thymus gland. 
E)  The thymus increases in size with aging. 
A)  The thymus gland lacks a capsule. 
B)  The thymus gland contains many reticular fibers. 
C)  The thymus gland decreases in size after age 60. 
D)  Lymphocytes are found only in the medulla of the thymus gland. 
E)  The thymus increases in size with aging.

Question 12

Match the term with the appropriate description.
-histamine

Accepted Answer

A) lipids that cause smooth muscle relaxation and vasodilation 
B) lymph nodules aggregated in the small intestinal wall 
C) rounded epithelial structures found in the medulla of thymus 
D) areas of a lymph node where lymphocytes divide 
E) a chemical released from mast cells that causes vasodilation 
A) lipids that cause smooth muscle relaxation and vasodilation 
B) lymph nodules aggregated in the small intestinal wall 
C) rounded epithelial structures found in the medulla of thymus 
D) areas of a lymph node where lymphocytes divide 
E) a chemical released from mast cells that causes vasodilation

Question 13

What is the function of thymosin?

Accepted Answer

A)  destroys damaged red blood cells 
B)  destroys damaged white blood cells 
C)  activates lymphocytes in lymph nodes 
D)  maturation of T-cells 
A)  destroys damaged red blood cells 
B)  destroys damaged white blood cells 
C)  activates lymphocytes in lymph nodes 
D)  maturation of T-cells

Question 14

Lymph capillaries are found in the

Accepted Answer

A)  epidermis. 
B)  cornea. 
C)  bone marrow. 
D)  central nervous system. 
E)  dermis. 
A)  epidermis. 
B)  cornea. 
C)  bone marrow. 
D)  central nervous system. 
E)  dermis.

Question 15

During the inflammatory response,

Accepted Answer

A)  vasoconstriction occurs. 
B)  chemical mediators are released. 
C)  vascular permeability is decreased. 
D)  neutrophil production is depressed. 
E)  blood flow is reduced. 
A)  vasoconstriction occurs. 
B)  chemical mediators are released. 
C)  vascular permeability is decreased. 
D)  neutrophil production is depressed. 
E)  blood flow is reduced.

Question 16

Match the appropriate characteristic with the type of immunity.
-memory cells

Accepted Answer

A) innate immunity 
B) antibody-mediated immunity 
C) cell-mediated immunity 
D) both antibody and cell-mediated immunity 
E) innate immunity, antibody-mediated immunity and cell-mediated immunity 
A) innate immunity 
B) antibody-mediated immunity 
C) cell-mediated immunity 
D) both antibody and cell-mediated immunity 
E) innate immunity, antibody-mediated immunity and cell-mediated immunity

Question 17

Cytotoxic T cells

Accepted Answer

A)  produce antibodies for general circulation. 
B)  attach to the surface of cells causing them to lyse. 
C)  cause precipitation of antigens. 
D)  have IgG antibodies on their cell membranes. 
E)  are destroyed after contact killing. 
A)  produce antibodies for general circulation. 
B)  attach to the surface of cells causing them to lyse. 
C)  cause precipitation of antigens. 
D)  have IgG antibodies on their cell membranes. 
E)  are destroyed after contact killing.

Question 18

Lymphocyte activation can occur in several ways. However, in all cases

Accepted Answer

A)  lymphocytes must recognize an antigen. 
B)  helper T cells are activated first and they then stimulate other cells. 
C)  antigen-presenting cells process the antigen and present it to the lymphocytes. 
D)  cytokines released by the antigen stimulate the lymphocyte response. 
E)  antigens must be able to recognize the lymphocytes. 
A)  lymphocytes must recognize an antigen. 
B)  helper T cells are activated first and they then stimulate other cells. 
C)  antigen-presenting cells process the antigen and present it to the lymphocytes. 
D)  cytokines released by the antigen stimulate the lymphocyte response. 
E)  antigens must be able to recognize the lymphocytes.

Question 19

A child is born with a congenital disease that results in total loss of B cells. Which of the following would be a consequence of this immunodeficiency?

Accepted Answer

A)  no lymphokine production 
B)  lack of antibody formation 
C)  nonfunctioning complement system 
D)  inability to form any type of memory cell 
E)  no antigens on the cells 
A)  no lymphokine production 
B)  lack of antibody formation 
C)  nonfunctioning complement system 
D)  inability to form any type of memory cell 
E)  no antigens on the cells

Question 20

Which is the proper order of events in cell-mediated immunity? (1) cloning of cytotoxic T cells and memory T cells
(2) antigen presented to T lymphocyte
(3) activation of T lymphocytes
(4) cytotoxic T cells attack target cells

Accepted Answer

A)  2, 3, 4, 1 
B)  1, 4, 2, 3 
C)  2, 3, 1, 4 
D)  3, 2, 4, 1 
E)  1, 2, 3, 4, 
A)  2, 3, 4, 1 
B)  1, 4, 2, 3 
C)  2, 3, 1, 4 
D)  3, 2, 4, 1 
E)  1, 2, 3, 4,

Exam 22: Lymphatic System and Immunity

The process of eliminating those lymphocytes that react or respond against self-antigens is called

Which of the following is usually the first cell type to leave the blood and enter infected tissues?

Defense mechanisms that respond at the same speed and efficiency upon repeated exposure are classified as ______ immunity and defense mechanisms that increase in speed and strength upon repeated exposure are classified as ______ immunity.

Several days after an initial contact with an antigen, antibody blood levels increases. This is a

Match the appropriate characteristic with the type of immunity. -tears and saliva

An MHC class II/antigen complex on the surface of an antigen-presenting cell (APC) binds to a T-cell receptor. What results from this interaction?

Nonencapsulated lymphatic tissue called MALT includes all of the following except:

A surface chemical that prevents microbial growth is

During the development of lymphocytes, some pre-T and pre-B cells survive and develop into cells capable of an immune response, this is referred to as ______ selection. However some cells are suppressed from responding to self antigens, this is referred to as ______ selection.

Stimulating the proliferation of cytotoxic T cells to destroy cancer cells is an example of

Which of the following statements accurately describes the thymus gland?

Match the term with the appropriate description. -histamine

What is the function of thymosin?

Lymph capillaries are found in the

During the inflammatory response,

Match the appropriate characteristic with the type of immunity. -memory cells

Cytotoxic T cells

Lymphocyte activation can occur in several ways. However, in all cases

A child is born with a congenital disease that results in total loss of B cells. Which of the following would be a consequence of this immunodeficiency?

Which is the proper order of events in cell-mediated immunity? (1) cloning of cytotoxic T cells and memory T cells (2) antigen presented to T lymphocyte (3) activation of T lymphocytes (4) cytotoxic T cells attack target cells

The Human Organism

The Chemical Basis of Life

Cell Biology

Tissues

Integumentary System

Skeletal System: Bones and Bone Tissue

Skeletal System: Gross Anatomy

Joints and Movement

Muscular System: Histology and Physiology

Muscular System: Gross Anatomy

Functional Organization of Nervous Tissue

Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

Brain and Cranial Nerves

Integration of Nervous System Functions

The Special Senses

Autonomic Nervous System

Functional Organization of the Endocrine System

Endocrine Glands

Cardiovascular System: Blood

Cardiovascular System: the Heart

Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

Respiratory System

Digestive System

Nutrition, Metabolism, and Temperature Regulation

Urinary System

Water, Electrolyte, and Acid-Based Balance

Reproductive System

Development, Growth, Aging, and Genetics

Filters

Defense mechanisms that respond at the same speed and efficiency upon repeated exposure are classified as immunity and defense mechanisms that increase in speed and strength upon repeated exposure are classified as immunity.

During the development of lymphocytes, some pre-T and pre-B cells survive and develop into cells capable of an immune response, this is referred to as selection. However some cells are suppressed from responding to self antigens, this is referred to as selection.