Question 1

An essay question is a _________ test of memory; a multiple-choice question is a __________.

Accepted Answer

A) recall; recall test also 
B) recall; recognition test 
C) recall; relearning test 
D) recognition; recognition test also 
A) recall; recall test also 
B) recall; recognition test 
C) recall; relearning test 
D) recognition; recognition test also

Question 2

Which of the following is the best definition of the effect of salience

Accepted Answer

A) The tendency to verify rather than challenge our existing schemas 
B) Errors in memory that result from receiving new, conflicting information 
C) When stimuli that are bright or colorful grab our attention 
D) When we are more certain of our judgments than we should be 
A) The tendency to verify rather than challenge our existing schemas 
B) Errors in memory that result from receiving new, conflicting information 
C) When stimuli that are bright or colorful grab our attention 
D) When we are more certain of our judgments than we should be

Question 3

"I know it! It's um . . . um . . . ," begins a trivia game contestant excitedly. The contestant is engaged in a test of her ________ memory.

Accepted Answer

A) external 
B) explicit 
C) extrinsic 
D) internal 
A) external 
B) explicit 
C) extrinsic 
D) internal

Question 4

Nana is taking a Spanish final at the end of the spring semester. The problem is, the French vocabulary she learned the semester before keeps getting in the way, causing her to forget Spanish words. Nana is experiencing ________ interference.

Accepted Answer

A) retroactive 
B) progressive 
C) proactive 
D) retrograde 
A) retroactive 
B) progressive 
C) proactive 
D) retrograde

Question 5

Flashbulb memories:

Accepted Answer

A) typically concern major, unexpected public or personal events 
B) are remarkably accurate, even years after the initial event 
C) are due to special encoding mechanisms for emotionally charged events 
D) are more accurate than memories for more mundane events 
A) typically concern major, unexpected public or personal events 
B) are remarkably accurate, even years after the initial event 
C) are due to special encoding mechanisms for emotionally charged events 
D) are more accurate than memories for more mundane events

Question 6

Owen has trouble remembering a friend's new phone number; he keeps recalling the old number instead. Completing a rental application, Pippa finds she can't recall one of her previous addresses, as she's had several addresses since. Owen is experiencing __________ interference; Pippa is experiencing _________.

Accepted Answer

A) retrograde; anterograde interference 
B) retroactive; retroactive interference as well 
C) proactive; proactive interference as well 
D) proactive; retroactive interference 
A) retrograde; anterograde interference 
B) retroactive; retroactive interference as well 
C) proactive; proactive interference as well 
D) proactive; retroactive interference

Question 7

Which of the following alternatives best expresses psychologist Elizabeth Loftus' position on the validity of recovered memories

Accepted Answer

A) Recovered memories are often false.They reflect confusion regarding the source of a memory. 
B) Recovered memories are often false.They reflect an impairment of implicit memory mechanisms. 
C) Recovered memories are often false.They reflect a failure of maintenance rehearsal. 
D) Recovered memories are often false.They reflect limitations on working memory capacity. 
A) Recovered memories are often false.They reflect confusion regarding the source of a memory. 
B) Recovered memories are often false.They reflect an impairment of implicit memory mechanisms. 
C) Recovered memories are often false.They reflect a failure of maintenance rehearsal. 
D) Recovered memories are often false.They reflect limitations on working memory capacity.

Question 8

In ________ interference, information learned earlier disrupts the recall of information learned more recently; in _________ interference, recently learned information disrupts the recall of information learned earlier.

Accepted Answer

A) retroactive; proactive 
B) proactive; retroactive 
C) regressive; progressive 
D) progressive; regressive 
A) retroactive; proactive 
B) proactive; retroactive 
C) regressive; progressive 
D) progressive; regressive

Question 9

Based on controlled studies, which of the following popular memory supplements seems to be effective

Accepted Answer

A) methylphenidate 
B) amphetamines 
C) gingko biloba 
D) none of these 
A) methylphenidate 
B) amphetamines 
C) gingko biloba 
D) none of these

Question 10

Henry's dog, Sparky, has been rolling in the mud. Henry must bathe Sparky before the dog gets mud all over the carpet. However, Henry is unable to find the plug for the tub. Sitting on the counter right beside the tub is a fifty-cent piece. In his frustration, Henry fails to see that the coin could be used as an emergency plug for the tub. What happened to Henry

Accepted Answer

A) He displayed heuristic processing. 
B) He fell prey to the confirmation bias. 
C) He suffered from functional fixedness. 
D) His thinking was counterfactual. 
A) He displayed heuristic processing. 
B) He fell prey to the confirmation bias. 
C) He suffered from functional fixedness. 
D) His thinking was counterfactual.

Question 11

Jamal's introductory psychology class is held in Room A. For the final exam, the students in Jamal's class are divided among Rooms A, B, and C. Jamal's memory for the material is likely to be best if he takes the test in which room

Accepted Answer

A) Room A 
B) the largest of the three rooms 
C) the smallest of the three rooms 
D) the room most different from Room A 
A) Room A 
B) the largest of the three rooms 
C) the smallest of the three rooms 
D) the room most different from Room A

Question 12

"I know it! It's um . . . um . . . It starts with 'G'," begins a trivia game contestant excitedly. The contestant is falling prey to the _______ effect.

Accepted Answer

A) tip-of-the-tongue 
B) flashbulb memory 
C) source confusion 
D) retrograde interference 
A) tip-of-the-tongue 
B) flashbulb memory 
C) source confusion 
D) retrograde interference

Question 13

Functional fixedness reflects an effect of schemas on problem solving.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Which of the following is true about studying

Accepted Answer

A) Studying and rehearsing past initial mastery increases interference, impairing memory. 
B) Studying and rehearsing past initial mastery doesn't actually hurt, but it doesn't help either. 
C) Studying and rehearsing past initial mastery improves short-term retention, but doesn't do much over the longer term. 
D) Studying and rehearsing past initial mastery improves long-term retention. 
A) Studying and rehearsing past initial mastery increases interference, impairing memory. 
B) Studying and rehearsing past initial mastery doesn't actually hurt, but it doesn't help either. 
C) Studying and rehearsing past initial mastery improves short-term retention, but doesn't do much over the longer term. 
D) Studying and rehearsing past initial mastery improves long-term retention.

Question 15

Joanne will not go out at night because she hears from her local news station about the large number of muggings and robberies that occur in her city. However, crime in Joanne's city has actually gone down in the past few years. To which bias is Joanne falling victim

Accepted Answer

A) the representativeness heuristic 
B) functional fixedness 
C) the availability heuristic 
D) the confirmation bias 
A) the representativeness heuristic 
B) functional fixedness 
C) the availability heuristic 
D) the confirmation bias

Question 16

According to your text, one of the key brain regions in explicit memory is a limbic system structure called the ________.

Accepted Answer

A) hippocampus 
B) hypothalamus 
C) amygdala 
D) thalamus 
A) hippocampus 
B) hypothalamus 
C) amygdala 
D) thalamus

Question 17

Grouping pieces of information together to expand the effective capacity of short-term memory is termed _________.

Accepted Answer

A) chunking 
B) clumping 
C) consolidating 
D) compacting 
A) chunking 
B) clumping 
C) consolidating 
D) compacting

Question 18

Relearning measures allow the assessment of:

Accepted Answer

A) procedural memory, such as that involved in playing a video game 
B) semantic memory, such as that involved in knowing the state capitals 
C) semantic memory, such as that involved in crocheting a sweater 
D) both procedural memory, such as that involved in playing a video game, and semantic memory, such as that involved in knowing the state capitals 
A) procedural memory, such as that involved in playing a video game 
B) semantic memory, such as that involved in knowing the state capitals 
C) semantic memory, such as that involved in crocheting a sweater 
D) both procedural memory, such as that involved in playing a video game, and semantic memory, such as that involved in knowing the state capitals

Question 19

Which of these statements does NOT accurately identify a general difference between computers and the human brain

Accepted Answer

A) Computers process information in a serial fashion, whereas the brain processes information in a parallel fashion. 
B) The brain processes information faster than computers do. 
C) Whereas computers distinguish between memory and processing, the brain does not. 
D) The brain is more powerful than any computer. 
A) Computers process information in a serial fashion, whereas the brain processes information in a parallel fashion. 
B) The brain processes information faster than computers do. 
C) Whereas computers distinguish between memory and processing, the brain does not. 
D) The brain is more powerful than any computer.

Question 20

A jeweler is unable to fix a particular mounting in a ring because she can imagine only the conventional uses for her tools. This best demonstrates which of the following

Accepted Answer

A) The confirmation bias 
B) Functional fixedness 
C) Counterfactual thinking 
D) The representativeness heuristic 
A) The confirmation bias 
B) Functional fixedness 
C) Counterfactual thinking 
D) The representativeness heuristic

An essay question is a _ test of memory; a multiple-choice question is a __.

Which of the following is the best definition of the effect of salience

"I know it! It's um . . . um . . . ," begins a trivia game contestant excitedly. The contestant is engaged in a test of her ________ memory.

Nana is taking a Spanish final at the end of the spring semester. The problem is, the French vocabulary she learned the semester before keeps getting in the way, causing her to forget Spanish words. Nana is experiencing ________ interference.

Flashbulb memories:

Owen has trouble remembering a friend's new phone number; he keeps recalling the old number instead. Completing a rental application, Pippa finds she can't recall one of her previous addresses, as she's had several addresses since. Owen is experiencing __ interference; Pippa is experiencing _.

Which of the following alternatives best expresses psychologist Elizabeth Loftus' position on the validity of recovered memories

In interference, information learned earlier disrupts the recall of information learned more recently; in _ interference, recently learned information disrupts the recall of information learned earlier.

Based on controlled studies, which of the following popular memory supplements seems to be effective

Jamal's introductory psychology class is held in Room A. For the final exam, the students in Jamal's class are divided among Rooms A, B, and C. Jamal's memory for the material is likely to be best if he takes the test in which room

"I know it! It's um . . . um . . . It starts with 'G'," begins a trivia game contestant excitedly. The contestant is falling prey to the _______ effect.

Functional fixedness reflects an effect of schemas on problem solving.

Which of the following is true about studying

Joanne will not go out at night because she hears from her local news station about the large number of muggings and robberies that occur in her city. However, crime in Joanne's city has actually gone down in the past few years. To which bias is Joanne falling victim

According to your text, one of the key brain regions in explicit memory is a limbic system structure called the ________.

Grouping pieces of information together to expand the effective capacity of short-term memory is termed _________.

Relearning measures allow the assessment of:

Which of these statements does NOT accurately identify a general difference between computers and the human brain

A jeweler is unable to fix a particular mounting in a ring because she can imagine only the conventional uses for her tools. This best demonstrates which of the following

Introducing Psychology

Psychological Science

Brains, Bodies, and Behavior

Sensing and Perceiving

States of Consciousness

Growing and Developing

Learning

Intelligence and Language

Emotions and Motivations

Psychology in Our Social Lives

Personality

Defining Psychological Disorders

Treating Psychological Disorders

Filters

Exam 8: Remembering and Judging

An essay question is a _________ test of memory; a multiple-choice question is a __________.

Which of the following is the best definition of the effect of salience

"I know it! It's um . . . um . . . ," begins a trivia game contestant excitedly. The contestant is engaged in a test of her ________ memory.

Nana is taking a Spanish final at the end of the spring semester. The problem is, the French vocabulary she learned the semester before keeps getting in the way, causing her to forget Spanish words. Nana is experiencing ________ interference.

Flashbulb memories:

Which of the following alternatives best expresses psychologist Elizabeth Loftus' position on the validity of recovered memories

In ________ interference, information learned earlier disrupts the recall of information learned more recently; in _________ interference, recently learned information disrupts the recall of information learned earlier.

Based on controlled studies, which of the following popular memory supplements seems to be effective

Jamal's introductory psychology class is held in Room A. For the final exam, the students in Jamal's class are divided among Rooms A, B, and C. Jamal's memory for the material is likely to be best if he takes the test in which room

"I know it! It's um . . . um . . . It starts with 'G'," begins a trivia game contestant excitedly. The contestant is falling prey to the _______ effect.

Functional fixedness reflects an effect of schemas on problem solving.

Which of the following is true about studying

Joanne will not go out at night because she hears from her local news station about the large number of muggings and robberies that occur in her city. However, crime in Joanne's city has actually gone down in the past few years. To which bias is Joanne falling victim

According to your text, one of the key brain regions in explicit memory is a limbic system structure called the ________.

Grouping pieces of information together to expand the effective capacity of short-term memory is termed _________.

Relearning measures allow the assessment of:

Which of these statements does NOT accurately identify a general difference between computers and the human brain

A jeweler is unable to fix a particular mounting in a ring because she can imagine only the conventional uses for her tools. This best demonstrates which of the following

Introducing Psychology

Psychological Science

Brains, Bodies, and Behavior

Sensing and Perceiving

States of Consciousness

Growing and Developing

Learning

Intelligence and Language

Emotions and Motivations

Psychology in Our Social Lives

Personality

Defining Psychological Disorders

Treating Psychological Disorders

Filters

An essay question is a _ test of memory; a multiple-choice question is a __.

In interference, information learned earlier disrupts the recall of information learned more recently; in _ interference, recently learned information disrupts the recall of information learned earlier.