Exam 12: Nutrients Involved in Bone Health

Calcium is primarily absorbed from which area of the intestinal tract?

Oxalic acid can inhibit the absorption of:

Which of the following is a modifiable risk factor that increases one's chances of developing osteoporosis?

One source of magnesium toxicity is:

Which of the following is MOST likely to occur if you were to consume too much calcium via the diet?

Janice is a 50-year-old female living in Winnipeg, Manitoba. She has just been to visit her elderly mother who is in assisted living. Her mother has had to move there from her apartment because of a hip fracture that occurred when she fell down last summer. The doctor has explained to Janice that her mother has osteoporosis. Currently Janice smokes and is physically inactive. When questioned about her diet she explains that she relies on take-out and processed foods because she lives on her own. Janice consumes six cups of coffee a day, two diet colas, and no dairy products. She does not drink alcohol on a regular basis, however, will have the occasional glass of wine. Evaluate Janice's risk for osteoporosis including both modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors. Suggest some changes that would help Janice decrease her risk for osteoporosis.

Which of the following plant sources of calcium has the lowest bioavailability?

In which of the following individuals would the bioavailability of calcium be the greatest?

A vitamin D deficiency in adults may lead to:

In addition to proper growth and development, bone remodeling is critical in maintaining:

Compare and contrast the different stages of bone growth in a five-year-old child, a 20-year-old, and a 45-year-old. Include an explanation of bone modeling in your response.

This hormone is secreted by the thyroid gland when blood levels of calcium rise.

Margaret's doctor is concerned about her bone mineral density. The doctor orders a dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry test. The results of the test indicate that Margaret's T-score is -3.5. How would you classify Margaret based on this test?

Dowager's hump is one characteristic of:

Fluorosis is associated with:

Which is our primary dietary source of vitamin D?

The compact bone that makes up the outer surface of bone is called:

Peak bone mass is typically achieved by what age?

You are reviewing a diet analysis report for a 45-year-old male with magnesium intakes of 250 mg/d. Which of the following foods would you recommend he consume more of?

Most of the body's phosphorus is stored in: