Question 1

Use the figure to answer the following question.   Which Roman numeral indicates a brain region that controls hand-eye coordination?

Accepted Answer

A)  I 
B)  II 
C)  III 
D)  V 
A)  I 
B)  II 
C)  III 
D)  V

Question 2

Use the figure to answer the following question.   Which parts of the brain regulate the "fight-or-flight" response?

Accepted Answer

A)  I and IV 
B)  II and III 
C)  II and V 
D)  III and V 
A)  I and IV 
B)  II and III 
C)  II and V 
D)  III and V

Question 3

Which of the following illustrates a circadian rhythm?

Accepted Answer

A)  Canada geese migrate north in the spring and south in the fall. 
B)  Hummingbirds lay eggs when local flowers are abundant. 
C)  A dog barks whenever someone knocks on the door of its home. 
D)  Raccoons routinely sleep during the day and are active at night. 
A)  Canada geese migrate north in the spring and south in the fall. 
B)  Hummingbirds lay eggs when local flowers are abundant. 
C)  A dog barks whenever someone knocks on the door of its home. 
D)  Raccoons routinely sleep during the day and are active at night.

Question 4

In which part of the brain are movement and balance coordinated?

Accepted Answer

A)  cerebrum 
B)  cerebellum 
C)  thalamus 
D)  medulla oblongata 
A)  cerebrum 
B)  cerebellum 
C)  thalamus 
D)  medulla oblongata

Question 5

Which of the following pairs of glial cells have functions that are most similar to each other?

Accepted Answer

A)  astrocytes and ependymal cells 
B)  oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells 
C)  radial glia and ependymal cells 
D)  Schwann cells and microglia 
A)  astrocytes and ependymal cells 
B)  oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells 
C)  radial glia and ependymal cells 
D)  Schwann cells and microglia

Question 6

What enables the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions to bring about opposing effects in most organs they impact?

Accepted Answer

A)  postganglionic neurons in the sympathetic division release norepinephrine; postganglionic neurons in the parasympathetic division release acetylcholine 
B)  axons in the sympathetic division are myelinated while axons in the parasympathetic division are unmyelinated 
C)  the sympathetic division consists only of gray matter; the parasympathetic division consists only of white matter 
D)  the sympathetic division is associated with ganglia while the parasympathetic division does not involve ganglia 
A)  postganglionic neurons in the sympathetic division release norepinephrine; postganglionic neurons in the parasympathetic division release acetylcholine 
B)  axons in the sympathetic division are myelinated while axons in the parasympathetic division are unmyelinated 
C)  the sympathetic division consists only of gray matter; the parasympathetic division consists only of white matter 
D)  the sympathetic division is associated with ganglia while the parasympathetic division does not involve ganglia

Question 7

Stem cell transplants may someday be used to treat Parkinson's disease. How could stem cell transplants alleviate the symptoms of Parkinson's disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  by preventing temporal lobe seizures 
B)  by repairing sites of traumatic brain injury 
C)  by replenishing missing ion channels 
D)  by secreting the neurotransmitter dopamine 
A)  by preventing temporal lobe seizures 
B)  by repairing sites of traumatic brain injury 
C)  by replenishing missing ion channels 
D)  by secreting the neurotransmitter dopamine

Question 8

Which of the following organisms demonstrates cephalization?

Accepted Answer

A)  jellies 
B)  hydras 
C)  planarians 
D)  sea stars 
A)  jellies 
B)  hydras 
C)  planarians 
D)  sea stars

Question 9

Which of the following types of organisms is most likely to have a nerve net?

Accepted Answer

A)  sea anemone 
B)  planarian 
C)  octopus 
D)  shark 
A)  sea anemone 
B)  planarian 
C)  octopus 
D)  shark

Question 10

After suffering a stroke, a patient can see objects anywhere in front of him but pays attention only to objects in his right field of vision. When asked to describe these objects, he has difficulty judging their size and distance. What part of the brain was likely damaged by the stroke?

Accepted Answer

A)  the left frontal lobe 
B)  the right frontal lobe 
C)  the right parietal lobe 
D)  the corpus callosum 
A)  the left frontal lobe 
B)  the right frontal lobe 
C)  the right parietal lobe 
D)  the corpus callosum

Question 11

Which of the following is associated with the PNS of a chicken?

Accepted Answer

A)  brain 
B)  hollow dorsal nerve cord 
C)  ganglia 
D)  neurons that carry out integration 
A)  brain 
B)  hollow dorsal nerve cord 
C)  ganglia 
D)  neurons that carry out integration

Question 12

In which of the following have advances in research most improved our understanding of mental illness?

Accepted Answer

A)  the structural organization of the brain 
B)  the sequence of developmental specialization 
C)  the chemicals involved in brain communications 
D)  the nature of the blood-brain barrier 
A)  the structural organization of the brain 
B)  the sequence of developmental specialization 
C)  the chemicals involved in brain communications 
D)  the nature of the blood-brain barrier

Question 13

What is a key difference between arousal and sleep?

Accepted Answer

A)  During sleep we are not aware of the external world. 
B)  During sleep external stimuli are received but not consciously perceived. 
C)  During sleep activities in our cerebrum shut down and rest. 
D)  Arousal involves the cerebrum but not the midbrain. Sleep mostly involves the midbrain and not the cerebrum. 
A)  During sleep we are not aware of the external world. 
B)  During sleep external stimuli are received but not consciously perceived. 
C)  During sleep activities in our cerebrum shut down and rest. 
D)  Arousal involves the cerebrum but not the midbrain. Sleep mostly involves the midbrain and not the cerebrum.

Question 14

Which of the following must happen for long-term potentiation to occur in the hippocampus?

Accepted Answer

A)  a presynaptic neuron must release more acetylcholine neurotransmitter into the synapse 
B)  NMDA receptors must be unblocked so that they can respond to glutamate 
C)  the postsynaptic cell responds to glutamate by opening AMPA receptors 
D)  the presynaptic cell must grow more axon terminals to synapse with the dendrites of the postsynaptic cell 
A)  a presynaptic neuron must release more acetylcholine neurotransmitter into the synapse 
B)  NMDA receptors must be unblocked so that they can respond to glutamate 
C)  the postsynaptic cell responds to glutamate by opening AMPA receptors 
D)  the presynaptic cell must grow more axon terminals to synapse with the dendrites of the postsynaptic cell

Question 15

Long-term potentiation is required for which of the following functions?

Accepted Answer

A)  elimination of memories, especially after trauma 
B)  integration of the somatosensory and motor systems 
C)  the integration of sight and sound into memories 
D)  memory storage and learning 
A)  elimination of memories, especially after trauma 
B)  integration of the somatosensory and motor systems 
C)  the integration of sight and sound into memories 
D)  memory storage and learning

Question 16

In which part of the brain is hunger and thirst regulated?

Accepted Answer

A)  cerebrum 
B)  thalamus 
C)  hypothalamus 
D)  medulla oblongata 
A)  cerebrum 
B)  thalamus 
C)  hypothalamus 
D)  medulla oblongata

Question 17

Which of the following correctly matches a type of glial cell to one of its functions?

Accepted Answer

A)  astrocytes-participate in the formation of the blood-brain barrier 
B)  oligodendrocytes-produce myelin sheaths in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) 
C)  radial glia-guard against pathogens 
D)  Schwann cells-form tracks along which newly formed neurons migrate 
A)  astrocytes-participate in the formation of the blood-brain barrier 
B)  oligodendrocytes-produce myelin sheaths in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) 
C)  radial glia-guard against pathogens 
D)  Schwann cells-form tracks along which newly formed neurons migrate

Question 18

Patients with damage to Wernicke's area have difficulty ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  coordinating limb movement 
B)  generating speech 
C)  recognizing faces 
D)  understanding language 
A)  coordinating limb movement 
B)  generating speech 
C)  recognizing faces 
D)  understanding language

Question 19

The telencephalon region of the developing brain of a mammal ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  divides further into the metencephalon and myelencephalon 
B)  develops from the midbrain 
C)  gives rise to the thalamus and hypothalamus 
D)  gives rise to the cerebrum 
A)  divides further into the metencephalon and myelencephalon 
B)  develops from the midbrain 
C)  gives rise to the thalamus and hypothalamus 
D)  gives rise to the cerebrum

Question 20

What sense is most likely to be impaired by an injury to the temporal lobe?

Accepted Answer

A)  hearing 
B)  sight 
C)  taste 
D)  touch 
A)  hearing 
B)  sight 
C)  taste 
D)  touch

Exam 49: Neural Regulation in Animals

Use the figure to answer the following question. Which Roman numeral indicates a brain region that controls hand-eye coordination?

Use the figure to answer the following question. Which parts of the brain regulate the "fight-or-flight" response?

Which of the following illustrates a circadian rhythm?

In which part of the brain are movement and balance coordinated?

Which of the following pairs of glial cells have functions that are most similar to each other?

What enables the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions to bring about opposing effects in most organs they impact?

Stem cell transplants may someday be used to treat Parkinson's disease. How could stem cell transplants alleviate the symptoms of Parkinson's disease?

Which of the following organisms demonstrates cephalization?

Which of the following types of organisms is most likely to have a nerve net?

After suffering a stroke, a patient can see objects anywhere in front of him but pays attention only to objects in his right field of vision. When asked to describe these objects, he has difficulty judging their size and distance. What part of the brain was likely damaged by the stroke?

Which of the following is associated with the PNS of a chicken?

In which of the following have advances in research most improved our understanding of mental illness?

What is a key difference between arousal and sleep?

Which of the following must happen for long-term potentiation to occur in the hippocampus?

Long-term potentiation is required for which of the following functions?

In which part of the brain is hunger and thirst regulated?

Which of the following correctly matches a type of glial cell to one of its functions?

Patients with damage to Wernicke's area have difficulty ________.

The telencephalon region of the developing brain of a mammal ________.

What sense is most likely to be impaired by an injury to the temporal lobe?

Biology and Its Themes

Atoms and Molecules

The Chemistry of Water

Carbon: the Basis of Molecular Diversity

Biological Macromolecules and Lipids

Energy and Life

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Membranes

Cellular Signaling

Cell Respiration

Photosynthetic Processes

Mitosis

Sexual Life Cycles and Meiosis

Mendelian Genetics

Linkage and Chromosomes

Nucleic Acids and Inheritance

Expression of Genes

Control of Gene Expression

Dna Technology

The Evolution of Genomes

How Evolution Works

Phylogenetic Reconstruction

Microevolution

Species and Speciation

Macroevolution

Introduction to Viruses

Prokaryotes

The Origin and Evolution of Eukaryotes

Nonvascular and Seedless Vascular Plants

Seed Plants

Introduction to Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Invertebrates

Vertebrates

Plant Structure and Growth

Transport in Vascular Plants

Plant Nutrition

Reproduction of Flowering Plants

Plant Signals and Behavior

The Animal Body

Chemical Signals in Animals

Animal Digestive Systems

Animal Transport Systems

Animal Excretory Systems

Animal Reproductive Systems

Development in Animals

Animal Defenses Against Infection

Electrical Signals in Animals

Sensation and Movement in Animals

An Overview of Ecology

Behavioral Ecology

Populations and Life History Traits

Biodiversity and Communities

Energy Flow and Chemical Cycling in Ecosystems

Conservation and Global Ecology

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