Exam 31: Introduction to Fungi

Mycorrhizae are often found associated with the roots of vascular plants. Where are fungal endophytes typically found in vascular plants?

The closest relatives of fungi are thought to be the ________.

In which of the following human mycoses should one expect to find a growth pattern most similar to that of the mycelium that produces a fairy ring?

A fungal spore germinates, giving rise to a mycelium that grows outward into the soil surrounding the site where the spore originally landed. Which of the following accounts for the outward growth of the mycelium?

Use the following information to answer the question. Rose-picker's disease is caused by the yeast Sporothrix schenkii that if introduced into the human body can assume a hyphal morphology and grow along the interiors of lymphatic vessels until they reach a lymph node. Lymph nodes are important for the immune system because many white blood cells (phagocytes and lymphocytes) reside there. Given that a successful infection by S. schenkii damages lymph nodes themselves, which of the following is most probable?

Which of the following structures in an ascomycete is haploid?

A billionaire buys a sterile volcanic island that recently emerged from the sea. Seeding the island with which of the following would most likely accelerate the development of conditions that would support plant growth?

If all fungi in an environment were to suddenly die, then which group of organisms is most likely to benefit, due to the fact that its fungal competitors have been removed?

Which of the following cells or structures are associated with asexual reproduction in fungi?

At which stage of a basidiomycete's life cycle would reproduction be halted if an enzyme that prevented the fusion of hyphae was introduced?

In most fungi, karyogamy does not immediately follow plasmogamy. Which conclusion is most consistent with this information?

Which of the following best explains how mycorrhizal fungi are more efficient than plants at acquiring mineral nutrition from the soil?

Researchers grew two plants of different species (plant 1 and plant 2) and added the same mychorrhizal species to the soil. They then measured the growth of each plant after one month. Plant 1 grew significantly more than plant 2. Which of the following conclusions is most consistent with these results?

Which of the following describes the evolution of multicellularity in fungi and animals?

Which of the following observations would best support the hypothesis that the ability to form mycorrhizal associations arose very early in plant evolution?

Orchid seeds are tiny, with virtually no endosperm and with miniscule cotyledons. If orchid seeds are deposited in a dark, moist environment, then which of the following represents the most likely means by which fungi might assist in seed germination?