Question 1

If a cell reverses the process of beta-oxidation, which of the following molecules will it make?

Accepted Answer

A)  glycerol 
B)  amino acids 
C)  fatty acids 
D)  nucleotides 
E)  starch 
A)  glycerol 
B)  amino acids 
C)  fatty acids 
D)  nucleotides 
E)  starch

Question 2

Another term for a protein catalyst is a(n) (enzyme/ribozyme).

Accepted Answer

The answer of Another term for a protein catalyst is...

Question 3

Which of the following is associated with the Calvin-Benson cycle?

Accepted Answer

A)  acetyl-CoA 
B)  TMAO 
C)  RuBP 
D)  FADH₂ 
E)  PABA 
A)  acetyl-CoA 
B)  TMAO 
C)  RuBP 
D)  FADH₂ 
E)  PABA

Question 4

The various types of chlorophyll differ in the

Accepted Answer

A)  amount of light they can absorb. 
B)  amount of ATP they produce. 
C)  number of electrons they release. 
D)  amount of oxygen they utilize. 
E)  wavelengths of light they absorb. 
A)  amount of light they can absorb. 
B)  amount of ATP they produce. 
C)  number of electrons they release. 
D)  amount of oxygen they utilize. 
E)  wavelengths of light they absorb.

Question 5

The conversion of amino acids to carbohydrates is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  amination. 
B)  gluconeogenesis. 
C)  substrate-level phosphorylation. 
D)  beta-oxidation. 
E)  electron transport. 
A)  amination. 
B)  gluconeogenesis. 
C)  substrate-level phosphorylation. 
D)  beta-oxidation. 
E)  electron transport.

Question 6

The conversion of pyruvic acid to acetyl-CoA can be described as ________, because a molecule of CO₂ is produced as a by-product.

Accepted Answer

A)  decarboxylation 
B)  amination 
C)  respiration 
D)  oxidation 
E)  phosphorylation 
A)  decarboxylation 
B)  amination 
C)  respiration 
D)  oxidation 
E)  phosphorylation

Question 7

Which of the following is TRUE concerning the structure and function of enzymes?

Accepted Answer

A)  All enzymes bind cofactors necessary for their function. 
B)  An apoenzyme is a combination of a cofactor bound to a holoenzyme. 
C)  Enzymes can function at a wide range of pH. 
D)  Competitive inhibition of an enzyme occurs when an inhibitor binds to an allosteric site on the enzyme. 
E)  After an enzyme has catalyzed a reaction, it resumes its original shape and can interact with a new substrate molecule. 
A)  All enzymes bind cofactors necessary for their function. 
B)  An apoenzyme is a combination of a cofactor bound to a holoenzyme. 
C)  Enzymes can function at a wide range of pH. 
D)  Competitive inhibition of an enzyme occurs when an inhibitor binds to an allosteric site on the enzyme. 
E)  After an enzyme has catalyzed a reaction, it resumes its original shape and can interact with a new substrate molecule.

Question 8

Noncyclic photophosphorylation produces

Accepted Answer

A)  ATP only. 
B)  oxygen. 
C)  NADPH only. 
D)  ATP and NADPH. 
E)  water and ATP. 
A)  ATP only. 
B)  oxygen. 
C)  NADPH only. 
D)  ATP and NADPH. 
E)  water and ATP.

Question 9

Discuss the interrelationships between anabolic and catabolic pathways. Provide specific examples in your answer.

Accepted Answer

Catabolic pathways generate the energy r

Question 10

The process illustrated in the figure above is an example of a(n) ________ reaction.

Accepted Answer

A)  amination 
B)  reduction 
C)  oxidation 
D)  transamination 
E)  transferase 
A)  amination 
B)  reduction 
C)  oxidation 
D)  transamination 
E)  transferase

Question 11

Amino acids are converted to substrates of the Krebs cycle by (beta-oxidation/deamination/transamination).

Accepted Answer

The answer of Amino acids are converted to substrates of...

Question 12

All substrates for ribozymes are RNA molecules.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

The molecule that an enzyme acts upon is known as its

Accepted Answer

A)  substrate. 
B)  coenzyme. 
C)  apoenzyme. 
D)  product. 
E)  catalyst. 
A)  substrate. 
B)  coenzyme. 
C)  apoenzyme. 
D)  product. 
E)  catalyst.

Question 14

The reactions of photosynthesis take place in the ________ of prokaryotes.

Accepted Answer

A)  thylakoids 
B)  cytoplasm 
C)  nucleoid 
D)  cristae 
E)  outer membrane 
A)  thylakoids 
B)  cytoplasm 
C)  nucleoid 
D)  cristae 
E)  outer membrane

Question 15

The purpose of electron transport is to create a proton (concentration/gradient/pump) across a membrane that can then be used to make ATP.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The purpose of electron transport is to...

Question 16

An organic compound gains an electron from another molecule. The organic compound

Accepted Answer

A)  has been oxidized. 
B)  is an electron donor. 
C)  has been reduced. 
D)  has become more positively charged. 
E)  has lost a hydrogen atom. 
A)  has been oxidized. 
B)  is an electron donor. 
C)  has been reduced. 
D)  has become more positively charged. 
E)  has lost a hydrogen atom.

Question 17

Substrate-level phosphorylation occurs during which of the following stage(s) of glucose catabolism?

Accepted Answer

A)  formation of acetyl-CoA 
B)  lysis stage of glycolysis 
C)  energy-conservation stage of glycolysis 
D)  Krebs cycle 
E)  formation of acetyl-CoA and the Krebs cycle 
A)  formation of acetyl-CoA 
B)  lysis stage of glycolysis 
C)  energy-conservation stage of glycolysis 
D)  Krebs cycle 
E)  formation of acetyl-CoA and the Krebs cycle

Question 18

During chemiosmosis, electrons are pumped across a membrane to produce ATP.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Cells can use (active/allosteric/substrate) sites to regulate enzyme activity and thereby control their metabolism.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Cells can use (active/allosteric/substrate) sites to regulate...

Question 20

Chemical reactions that can proceed toward either anabolism or catabolism are called

Accepted Answer

A)  glycolytic. 
B)  light-independent. 
C)  synthetic. 
D)  cyclic. 
E)  amphibolic. 
A)  glycolytic. 
B)  light-independent. 
C)  synthetic. 
D)  cyclic. 
E)  amphibolic.

Exam 5: Microbial Metabolism

If a cell reverses the process of beta-oxidation, which of the following molecules will it make?

Another term for a protein catalyst is a(n) (enzyme/ribozyme).

Which of the following is associated with the Calvin-Benson cycle?

The various types of chlorophyll differ in the

The conversion of amino acids to carbohydrates is an example of

The conversion of pyruvic acid to acetyl-CoA can be described as ________, because a molecule of CO₂ is produced as a by-product.

Which of the following is TRUE concerning the structure and function of enzymes?

Noncyclic photophosphorylation produces

Discuss the interrelationships between anabolic and catabolic pathways. Provide specific examples in your answer.

The process illustrated in the figure above is an example of a(n) ________ reaction.

Amino acids are converted to substrates of the Krebs cycle by (beta-oxidation/deamination/transamination).

All substrates for ribozymes are RNA molecules.

The molecule that an enzyme acts upon is known as its

The reactions of photosynthesis take place in the ________ of prokaryotes.

The purpose of electron transport is to create a proton (concentration/gradient/pump) across a membrane that can then be used to make ATP.

An organic compound gains an electron from another molecule. The organic compound

Substrate-level phosphorylation occurs during which of the following stage(s) of glucose catabolism?

During chemiosmosis, electrons are pumped across a membrane to produce ATP.

Cells can use (active/allosteric/substrate) sites to regulate enzyme activity and thereby control their metabolism.

Chemical reactions that can proceed toward either anabolism or catabolism are called

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