Question 1

The part of the microscope indicated by the arrow in Figure 4.1 is the (ocular/objective/condenser) lens.

Accepted Answer

condenser

Question 2

Fluorescent dyes and lasers are used to visualize specimens on ________ microscopes.

Accepted Answer

A)  phase-contrast 
B)  dark-field 
C)  fluorescent 
D)  confocal 
E)  bright-field 
A)  phase-contrast 
B)  dark-field 
C)  fluorescent 
D)  confocal 
E)  bright-field D

Question 3

Why does immersion oil improve resolution?

Accepted Answer

A)  It allows light to travel at a uniform speed on its way to the lens. 
B)  It decreases the working distance. 
C)  It increases the numerical aperture. 
D)  It increases numerical aperture and maintains a uniform light speed. 
E)  It increases the angle of refraction of the light. 
A)  It allows light to travel at a uniform speed on its way to the lens. 
B)  It decreases the working distance. 
C)  It increases the numerical aperture. 
D)  It increases numerical aperture and maintains a uniform light speed. 
E)  It increases the angle of refraction of the light. D

Question 4

In a transmission electron microscope, the "lenses" are

Accepted Answer

A)  made of glass. 
B)  thin films of metal. 
C)  lasers. 
D)  magnets. 
E)  vacuums. 
A)  made of glass. 
B)  thin films of metal. 
C)  lasers. 
D)  magnets. 
E)  vacuums.

Question 5

The resolution of a microscope lens is a function of the lens' (aperture/color/contrast).

Accepted Answer

The answer of The resolution of a microscope lens is...

Question 6

The rules of naming organisms are called

Accepted Answer

A)  taxonomy. 
B)  nomenclature. 
C)  classification. 
D)  binomials. 
E)  identification. 
A)  taxonomy. 
B)  nomenclature. 
C)  classification. 
D)  binomials. 
E)  identification.

Question 7

Phage typing is useful for identifying bacteria because of the specificity of (antibodies/bacteriophages/PCR) for unique bacterial structures.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Phage typing is useful for identifying bacteria...

Question 8

In the Schaffer-Fulton endospore stain, heat is a (fixation/mordant/staining) step.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the Schaffer-Fulton endospore stain, heat is...

Question 9

Which of the following phenomena produces magnification?

Accepted Answer

A)  the wavelength of a radiation source 
B)  the refraction of radiation as it passes through a lens 
C)  the thickness of a microscopic specimen 
D)  the numerical aperture of a lens 
E)  the length of an objective lens 
A)  the wavelength of a radiation source 
B)  the refraction of radiation as it passes through a lens 
C)  the thickness of a microscopic specimen 
D)  the numerical aperture of a lens 
E)  the length of an objective lens

Question 10

You are shown a micrograph from a light microscope in which the specimens appear sharply focused and nearly three-dimensional. The micrograph is probably from a(n) ________ microscope.

Accepted Answer

A)  dark-field 
B)  phase-contrast 
C)  Nomarski (differential interference contrast) 
D)  bright-field 
E)  atomic force 
A)  dark-field 
B)  phase-contrast 
C)  Nomarski (differential interference contrast) 
D)  bright-field 
E)  atomic force

Question 11

The ability of a lens to gather light is referred to as its

Accepted Answer

A)  resolution. 
B)  numerical aperture. 
C)  refraction. 
D)  contrast. 
E)  magnification. 
A)  resolution. 
B)  numerical aperture. 
C)  refraction. 
D)  contrast. 
E)  magnification.

Question 12

The function of a mordant in staining procedures is to

Accepted Answer

A)  fix the specimen to the slide. 
B)  provide contrasting color. 
C)  decrease the solubility of dye molecules. 
D)  remove dye from certain structures. 
E)  damage cellular structures so they take up dyes better. 
A)  fix the specimen to the slide. 
B)  provide contrasting color. 
C)  decrease the solubility of dye molecules. 
D)  remove dye from certain structures. 
E)  damage cellular structures so they take up dyes better.

Question 13

The Gram stain works because of differences in the ________ of bacteria.

Accepted Answer

A)  genetic characteristics 
B)  cell walls 
C)  cell membranes 
D)  antigens 
E)  capsules 
A)  genetic characteristics 
B)  cell walls 
C)  cell membranes 
D)  antigens 
E)  capsules

Question 14

A serological test that involves the clumping of antigen and antibody is the (agglutination/antigen/ELISA) test.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A serological test that involves the clumping...

Question 15

Compare and contrast the light microscope with the electron microscope.

Accepted Answer

Both the light microscope and the electr

Question 16

The three domains proposed by Carl Woese and George Fox are the Archaea, the Eukarya, and the Protista.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

If a microbiology lab student left the safranin out of the Gram stain procedure, what would be the result?

Accepted Answer

A)  All cells would be purple. 
B)  Gram-positive cells would be purple and Gram-negative cells would be colorless. 
C)  All cells would be pink. 
D)  Gram-positive cells would be pink and Gram-negative cells would be purple. 
E)  Gram-positive cells would be colorless and Gram-negative cells would be pink. 
A)  All cells would be purple. 
B)  Gram-positive cells would be purple and Gram-negative cells would be colorless. 
C)  All cells would be pink. 
D)  Gram-positive cells would be pink and Gram-negative cells would be purple. 
E)  Gram-positive cells would be colorless and Gram-negative cells would be pink.

Question 18

Histological samples prepared with the ________ stain may reveal the presence of abnormal cells.

Accepted Answer

A)  acid-fast 
B)  Gram 
C)  simple safranin 
D)  methylene blue 
E)  hematoxylin and eosin (H
E)  
A)  acid-fast 
B)  Gram 
C)  simple safranin 
D)  methylene blue 
E)  hematoxylin and eosin (H
E)

Question 19

Low contrast specimens are made easier to see by

Accepted Answer

A)  increasing the amount of light passing through the slide. 
B)  using dyes that react with their structures. 
C)  adding color filters to the microscope. 
D)  using smaller aperture lenses. 
E)  drying them in a vacuum. 
A)  increasing the amount of light passing through the slide. 
B)  using dyes that react with their structures. 
C)  adding color filters to the microscope. 
D)  using smaller aperture lenses. 
E)  drying them in a vacuum.

Question 20

In Gram staining, ethanol-acetone is used as a

Accepted Answer

A)  decolorizing agent. 
B)  counterstain. 
C)  mordant. 
D)  drying agent. 
E)  primary stain. 
A)  decolorizing agent. 
B)  counterstain. 
C)  mordant. 
D)  drying agent. 
E)  primary stain.

Exam 4: Microscopy, Staining, and Classification

The part of the microscope indicated by the arrow in Figure 4.1 is the (ocular/objective/condenser) lens.

Fluorescent dyes and lasers are used to visualize specimens on ________ microscopes.

Why does immersion oil improve resolution?

In a transmission electron microscope, the "lenses" are

The resolution of a microscope lens is a function of the lens' (aperture/color/contrast).

The rules of naming organisms are called

Phage typing is useful for identifying bacteria because of the specificity of (antibodies/bacteriophages/PCR) for unique bacterial structures.

In the Schaffer-Fulton endospore stain, heat is a (fixation/mordant/staining) step.

Which of the following phenomena produces magnification?

You are shown a micrograph from a light microscope in which the specimens appear sharply focused and nearly three-dimensional. The micrograph is probably from a(n) ________ microscope.

The ability of a lens to gather light is referred to as its

The function of a mordant in staining procedures is to

The Gram stain works because of differences in the ________ of bacteria.

A serological test that involves the clumping of antigen and antibody is the (agglutination/antigen/ELISA) test.

Compare and contrast the light microscope with the electron microscope.

The three domains proposed by Carl Woese and George Fox are the Archaea, the Eukarya, and the Protista.

If a microbiology lab student left the safranin out of the Gram stain procedure, what would be the result?

Histological samples prepared with the ________ stain may reveal the presence of abnormal cells.

Low contrast specimens are made easier to see by

In Gram staining, ethanol-acetone is used as a

A Brief History of Microbiology

The Chemistry of Microbiology

Cell Structure and Function

Microbial Metabolism

Microbial Nutrition and Growth

Microbial Genetics

Recombinant DNA Technology

Controlling Microbial Growth in the Environment

Controlling Microbial Growth in the Body: Antimicrobial Drugs

Characterizing and Classifying Prokaryotes

Characterizing and Classifying Eukaryotes

Characterizing and Classifying Viruses, Viroids, and Prions

Infection, Infectious Diseases, and Epidemiology

Innate Immunity

Adaptive Immunity

Immunization and Immune Testing

Immune Disorders

Microbial Diseases of the Skin and Wounds

Microbial Diseases of the Nervous System and Eyes

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Microbial Diseases of the Respiratory System

Microbial Diseases of the Digestive System

Microbial Diseases of the Urinary and Reproductive Systems

Applied and Industrial Microbiology

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