Question 1

Green and purple sulfur bacteria will carry out anaerobic photosynthesis primarily in

Accepted Answer

A)  zone 1. 
B)  zone 2. 
C)  zone 3. 
D)  zone 4. 
E)  both zones 1 and 2. 
A)  zone 1. 
B)  zone 2. 
C)  zone 3. 
D)  zone 4. 
E)  both zones 1 and 2.

Question 2

Cyanobacteria produce a cell type known as a (cyst/heterocyst/nodule) that protects nitrogenase from the exposure to oxygen.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Cyanobacteria produce a cell type known as...

Question 3

Which of the following infectious diseases currently tops the list of bioterrorist threats?

Accepted Answer

A)  anthrax 
B)  the plague 
C)  smallpox 
D)  botulism 
E)  cholera 
A)  anthrax 
B)  the plague 
C)  smallpox 
D)  botulism 
E)  cholera

Question 4

Photoautotrophs reside in the ________ zone(s) of marine environments.

Accepted Answer

A)  abyssal 
B)  limnetic 
C)  littoral 
D)  both limnetic and littoral 
E)  abyssal, limnetic and littoral 
A)  abyssal 
B)  limnetic 
C)  littoral 
D)  both limnetic and littoral 
E)  abyssal, limnetic and littoral

Question 5

In April 2010 an oil rig blowout resulted in a major crude oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico. How was the majority of the crude oil cleaned out of the Gulf?

Accepted Answer

A)  Humans collected the oil from the surface of the water and along the coastline. 
B)  Artificial bioremediation, crude-oil eating microbes were poured into the ocean. 
C)  Natural bioremediation by microbes already present in the ocean. 
D)  Both human collection of oil and artificial bioremediation. 
E)  The crude oil still has not been cleaned up. 
A)  Humans collected the oil from the surface of the water and along the coastline. 
B)  Artificial bioremediation, crude-oil eating microbes were poured into the ocean. 
C)  Natural bioremediation by microbes already present in the ocean. 
D)  Both human collection of oil and artificial bioremediation. 
E)  The crude oil still has not been cleaned up.

Question 6

A biological select agent spread by (aerosols/contact/ingestion) has a high threat level.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A biological select agent spread by (aerosols/contact/ingestion)...

Question 7

What nutrient most commonly contributes to eutrophication?

Accepted Answer

A)  phosphorus 
B)  nitrite 
C)  sulfide 
D)  methane 
E)  iron oxides 
A)  phosphorus 
B)  nitrite 
C)  sulfide 
D)  methane 
E)  iron oxides

Question 8

What microbes thrive in waterlogged soil?

Accepted Answer

A)  anaerobes 
B)  obligate aerobes 
C)  halophiles 
D)  thermophiles 
E)  bacteria capable of forming endospores 
A)  anaerobes 
B)  obligate aerobes 
C)  halophiles 
D)  thermophiles 
E)  bacteria capable of forming endospores

Question 9

The greatest diversity of the human microbiome is found

Accepted Answer

A)  on the skin. 
B)  in the mouth. 
C)  in the intestine. 
D)  in the urinary system. 
E)  in the respiratory system. 
A)  on the skin. 
B)  in the mouth. 
C)  in the intestine. 
D)  in the urinary system. 
E)  in the respiratory system.

Question 10

The interactions between microbes in a guild are constantly changing.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Which of the following human diseases may result from exposure to soil containing the microbe responsible?

Accepted Answer

A)  blastomycosis 
B)  giardiasis 
C)  crown gall disease 
D)  cryptosporidiosis 
E)  saxitoxin poisoning 
A)  blastomycosis 
B)  giardiasis 
C)  crown gall disease 
D)  cryptosporidiosis 
E)  saxitoxin poisoning

Question 12

Only prokaryotes fix nitrogen.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Rivers typically lack a(n) (anaerobic/littoral/limnetic) zone.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Rivers typically lack a(n) (anaerobic/littoral/limnetic) zone....

Question 14

The majority of the microbial carbon cycling activity will typically occur in

Accepted Answer

A)  subsoil. 
B)  topsoil. 
C)  deep soil. 
D)  on the surface of the soil. 
E)  all depths of soil. 
A)  subsoil. 
B)  topsoil. 
C)  deep soil. 
D)  on the surface of the soil. 
E)  all depths of soil.

Question 15

Which of the following is the best definition of antagonism?

Accepted Answer

A)  competition for limited resources 
B)  cooperation in utilization of resources 
C)  microbes living in the same environment without harming each other 
D)  microbes producing products that interfere with the growth of others 
E)  competition and producing products that interfere with growth 
A)  competition for limited resources 
B)  cooperation in utilization of resources 
C)  microbes living in the same environment without harming each other 
D)  microbes producing products that interfere with the growth of others 
E)  competition and producing products that interfere with growth

Question 16

Which of the following is the CORRECT sequence of microbial associations from smallest to largest?

Accepted Answer

A)  populations, guilds, communities, microhabitats, ecosystem 
B)  populations, communities, microhabitats, ecosystem, guilds 
C)  communities, microhabitats, ecosystem, guilds, populations 
D)  populations, communities, ecosystem, guilds, microhabitats 
E)  ecosystem, populations, communities, microhabitats, guilds 
A)  populations, guilds, communities, microhabitats, ecosystem 
B)  populations, communities, microhabitats, ecosystem, guilds 
C)  communities, microhabitats, ecosystem, guilds, populations 
D)  populations, communities, ecosystem, guilds, microhabitats 
E)  ecosystem, populations, communities, microhabitats, guilds

Question 17

Without the activities of microorganisms, the functioning of earth's ecosystems would cease.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Biomining takes advantage of prokaryotes ability to ________ metals.

Accepted Answer

A)  reduce 
B)  reduce the solubility of 
C)  oxidize 
D)  directly solubilize 
E)  bioaccumulate 
A)  reduce 
B)  reduce the solubility of 
C)  oxidize 
D)  directly solubilize 
E)  bioaccumulate

Question 19

What is nitrogen fixation?

Accepted Answer

A)  the conversion of nitrate (NO₃⁻) into nucleic acids 
B)  the incorporation of ammonia (NH₃) into amino acids 
C)  the release of ammonia (NH₄⁻) from decomposing organic material 
D)  the conversion of atmospheric nitrogen (N₂) into ammonia (NH₃) 
E)  the conversion of ammonia (NH₃) into ammonium ion (NH₄⁺) 
A)  the conversion of nitrate (NO₃⁻) into nucleic acids 
B)  the incorporation of ammonia (NH₃) into amino acids 
C)  the release of ammonia (NH₄⁻) from decomposing organic material 
D)  the conversion of atmospheric nitrogen (N₂) into ammonia (NH₃) 
E)  the conversion of ammonia (NH₃) into ammonium ion (NH₄⁺)

Question 20

Which of the following is a specific example of bioremediation?

Accepted Answer

A)  the purification of water for drinking 
B)  the treatment of wastewater 
C)  the treatment of sludge 
D)  the degradation of crude oil spilled along the Alaska coastline 
E)  acid mine drainage 
A)  the purification of water for drinking 
B)  the treatment of wastewater 
C)  the treatment of sludge 
D)  the degradation of crude oil spilled along the Alaska coastline 
E)  acid mine drainage

Exam 26: Microbial Ecology and Microbiomes

Green and purple sulfur bacteria will carry out anaerobic photosynthesis primarily in

Cyanobacteria produce a cell type known as a (cyst/heterocyst/nodule) that protects nitrogenase from the exposure to oxygen.

Which of the following infectious diseases currently tops the list of bioterrorist threats?

Photoautotrophs reside in the ________ zone(s) of marine environments.

In April 2010 an oil rig blowout resulted in a major crude oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico. How was the majority of the crude oil cleaned out of the Gulf?

A biological select agent spread by (aerosols/contact/ingestion) has a high threat level.

What nutrient most commonly contributes to eutrophication?

What microbes thrive in waterlogged soil?

The greatest diversity of the human microbiome is found

The interactions between microbes in a guild are constantly changing.

Which of the following human diseases may result from exposure to soil containing the microbe responsible?

Only prokaryotes fix nitrogen.

Rivers typically lack a(n) (anaerobic/littoral/limnetic) zone.

The majority of the microbial carbon cycling activity will typically occur in

Which of the following is the best definition of antagonism?

Which of the following is the CORRECT sequence of microbial associations from smallest to largest?

Without the activities of microorganisms, the functioning of earth's ecosystems would cease.

Biomining takes advantage of prokaryotes ability to ________ metals.

What is nitrogen fixation?

Which of the following is a specific example of bioremediation?

A Brief History of Microbiology

The Chemistry of Microbiology

Cell Structure and Function

Microscopy, Staining, and Classification

Microbial Metabolism

Microbial Nutrition and Growth

Microbial Genetics

Recombinant DNA Technology

Controlling Microbial Growth in the Environment

Controlling Microbial Growth in the Body: Antimicrobial Drugs

Characterizing and Classifying Prokaryotes

Characterizing and Classifying Eukaryotes

Characterizing and Classifying Viruses, Viroids, and Prions

Infection, Infectious Diseases, and Epidemiology

Innate Immunity

Adaptive Immunity

Immunization and Immune Testing

Immune Disorders

Microbial Diseases of the Skin and Wounds

Microbial Diseases of the Nervous System and Eyes

Microbial Cardiovascular and Systemic Diseases

Microbial Diseases of the Respiratory System

Microbial Diseases of the Digestive System

Microbial Diseases of the Urinary and Reproductive Systems

Applied and Industrial Microbiology

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