Question 1

Explain why we have a more complete historical record of diversity in North American dinosaurs than we do of rain forest organisms.

Accepted Answer

Few fossils of tropical rainfo

Question 2

Acquired variations that are favorable to the survival of an organim tend to be present in greater frequency in the next generation of those organisms.
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Analysis of mitochondrial DNA from different species of stickleback fish in three lakes disproves the hypothesis of a common ancestor for all three species.
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Darwin observed that species found on ocean islands do not resemble species on islands with similar environment in other parts of the world.
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Whose findings of evolution by natural selection were presented with those of Darwin?

Accepted Answer

A)  Alfred Wallace 
B)  Carolus Linnaeus 
C)  Charles Lyell 
D)  Gregor Mendel 
E)  Thomas Malthus 
A)  Alfred Wallace 
B)  Carolus Linnaeus 
C)  Charles Lyell 
D)  Gregor Mendel 
E)  Thomas Malthus

Question 6

When populations with separate ancestors adapt in similar ways to similar environmental constraints, it is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A)  biogeography. 
B)  coevolution. 
C)  convergent evolution. 
D)  homologous evolution. 
E)  natural selection. 
A)  biogeography. 
B)  coevolution. 
C)  convergent evolution. 
D)  homologous evolution. 
E)  natural selection.

Question 7

When it is said that the genetic code is universal, it means that all organisms share the same:

Accepted Answer

A)  genes. 
B)  mitochondrial DNA. 
C)  coding mechanism. 
D)  ribosomal structure. 
E)  nuclear composition. 
A)  genes. 
B)  mitochondrial DNA. 
C)  coding mechanism. 
D)  ribosomal structure. 
E)  nuclear composition.

Question 8

A cactus spine and a pea tendril illustrate homoplasy because both are modified leaves.
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Provide a brief explanation of the relationship between amino acid sequences in proteins and nucleotide sequences in DNA and what they can reveal about evolutionary relationships.

Accepted Answer

Proteins and DNA contain a record of evo

Question 10

Australia has distinctive organisms, such as egg-laying mammals and pouched mammals (marsupials), because they have:

Accepted Answer

A)  an unusual climate that has triggered natural selection. 
B)  selective conditions that have been relaxed. 
C)  been separated and isolated from other land masses for a long period of time. 
D)  experienced a significantly slower rate of evolutionary change. 
E)  fewer species of organisms than most continents. 
A)  an unusual climate that has triggered natural selection. 
B)  selective conditions that have been relaxed. 
C)  been separated and isolated from other land masses for a long period of time. 
D)  experienced a significantly slower rate of evolutionary change. 
E)  fewer species of organisms than most continents.

Question 11

Compare and contrast the homology that occurs in the forelimbs of mammals.

Accepted Answer

Concepts to Consider: Definition of homo

Question 12

What part of Darwin's theory was incomplete due to a lack of knowledge at the time of publication? How does the synthetic theory of evolution explain this?

Accepted Answer

Concepts to Consider: Mendelia

Question 13

Figure 18-3
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).
 $\Omega$
    $\Omega$
-The results in Figure 18-3 support the conclusion that:

Accepted Answer

A)  natural selection does not occur in guppies. 
B)  natural selection can occur in guppies within a few generations. 
C)  predation is not a selective force in determining the average size of guppies. 
D)  male body weight increased proportionately more than female body weight. 
E)  in the experimental setting, the guppies produced fewer, larger offspring. 
A)  natural selection does not occur in guppies. 
B)  natural selection can occur in guppies within a few generations. 
C)  predation is not a selective force in determining the average size of guppies. 
D)  male body weight increased proportionately more than female body weight. 
E)  in the experimental setting, the guppies produced fewer, larger offspring.

Question 14

The decrease of carbon-12 in a fossil indicates the age of that fossil.
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

__________ arranged organisms into a scale of nature and first stated that organisms changed toward the more complex and perfect.

Accepted Answer

A)  Dobzhansky 
B)  Lamarck 
C)  Erasmus Darwin 
D)  Charles Darwin 
E)  Aristotle 
A)  Dobzhansky 
B)  Lamarck 
C)  Erasmus Darwin 
D)  Charles Darwin 
E)  Aristotle

Question 16

MATCHING
Match the description with the different types of evidence for evolution.
a.artificial selection
d.fossil record
b.adaptation
e.biogeography
c.nucleotide sequence comparisons
-breeding only organisms that share the desired trait

Accepted Answer

The answer of MATCHING
Match the description with the different types...

Question 17

The rapid evolution of bacteria and fungi in certain environments is used in the field of:

Accepted Answer

A)  bioremediation. 
B)  human disease genetics. 
C)  medical diagnostics. 
D)  human genome sequencing. 
E)  plant genomics. 
A)  bioremediation. 
B)  human disease genetics. 
C)  medical diagnostics. 
D)  human genome sequencing. 
E)  plant genomics.

Question 18

The accumulation of genetic changes in vertebrates that modified the basic body plan laid out in fish development illustrates evolutionary development from a common ancester.
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Food supplies that sustain animal populations have the capacity to increase:

Accepted Answer

A)  arithmetically. 
B)  by accumulation and deduction. 
C)  geometrically. 
D)  symmetrically. 
E)  migration rates. 
A)  arithmetically. 
B)  by accumulation and deduction. 
C)  geometrically. 
D)  symmetrically. 
E)  migration rates.

Question 20

If two species have homologous structures:

Accepted Answer

A)  the structures have the same function. 
B)  the structures are identical. 
C)  the species are related by a common ancestry. 
D)  the species have very different ancestors. 
E)  the structures have the same function and they are identical. 
A)  the structures have the same function. 
B)  the structures are identical. 
C)  the species are related by a common ancestry. 
D)  the species have very different ancestors. 
E)  the structures have the same function and they are identical.

Exam 18: Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

Explain why we have a more complete historical record of diversity in North American dinosaurs than we do of rain forest organisms.

Acquired variations that are favorable to the survival of an organim tend to be present in greater frequency in the next generation of those organisms. __________________

Analysis of mitochondrial DNA from different species of stickleback fish in three lakes disproves the hypothesis of a common ancestor for all three species. __________________

Darwin observed that species found on ocean islands do not resemble species on islands with similar environment in other parts of the world. __________________

Whose findings of evolution by natural selection were presented with those of Darwin?

When populations with separate ancestors adapt in similar ways to similar environmental constraints, it is referred to as:

When it is said that the genetic code is universal, it means that all organisms share the same:

A cactus spine and a pea tendril illustrate homoplasy because both are modified leaves. __________________

Provide a brief explanation of the relationship between amino acid sequences in proteins and nucleotide sequences in DNA and what they can reveal about evolutionary relationships.

Australia has distinctive organisms, such as egg-laying mammals and pouched mammals (marsupials), because they have:

Compare and contrast the homology that occurs in the forelimbs of mammals.

What part of Darwin's theory was incomplete due to a lack of knowledge at the time of publication? How does the synthetic theory of evolution explain this?

Figure 18-3 Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s). Ω\OmegaΩ Ω\OmegaΩ -The results in Figure 18-3 support the conclusion that:

The decrease of carbon-12 in a fossil indicates the age of that fossil. __________________

__________ arranged organisms into a scale of nature and first stated that organisms changed toward the more complex and perfect.

MATCHING Match the description with the different types of evidence for evolution. a.artificial selection d.fossil record b.adaptation e.biogeography c.nucleotide sequence comparisons -breeding only organisms that share the desired trait

The rapid evolution of bacteria and fungi in certain environments is used in the field of:

The accumulation of genetic changes in vertebrates that modified the basic body plan laid out in fish development illustrates evolutionary development from a common ancester. __________________

Food supplies that sustain animal populations have the capacity to increase:

If two species have homologous structures:

A View of Life

Atoms and Molecules: the Chemical Basis of Life

The Chemistry of Life: Organic Compounds

Organization of the Cell

Biological Membranes

Cell Communication

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Make Atp: Energy-Releasing Pathways

Photosynthesis: Capturing Light Energy

Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

The Basic Principles of Heredity

Dna: the Carrier of Genetic Information

Gene Expression

Gene Regulation

Dna Technology and Genomics

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

Developmental Genetics

Evolutionary Change in Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

The Evolution of Primates

Understanding Diversity: Systematics

Viruses and Subviral Agents

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

The Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Sponges, Cnidarians, Ctenophores, and Protostomes

The Deuterostomes

Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Leaf Structure and Function

Stem Structure and Transport

Roots and Mineral Nutrition

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals

Animal Structure and Function: an Introduction

Protection, Support, and Movement

Neural Signaling

Neural Regulation

Sensory Systems

Internal Transport

The Immune System: Internal Defense

Gas Exchange

Processing Food and Nutrition

Osmoregulation and Disposal of Metabolic Wastes

Endocrine Regulation

Reproduction

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Introduction to Ecology: Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and the Biosphere

Ecology and the Geography of Life

Biological Diversity and Conservation Biology

Filters

Figure 18-3 Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s). $\Omega$ $Figure 18-3 Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s). \Omega \Omega -The results in Figure 18-3 support the conclusion that:$ $\Omega$ -The results in Figure 18-3 support the conclusion that: