Question 1

Passing on traits or characteristics that were acquired during the lifetime of an organism to its offspring is a concept that is attributed to:

Accepted Answer

A)  Alfred Wallace. 
B)  Charles Darwin. 
C)  Charles Lyell. 
D)  Jean Baptiste de Lamarck. 
E)  Thomas Malthus. 
A)  Alfred Wallace. 
B)  Charles Darwin. 
C)  Charles Lyell. 
D)  Jean Baptiste de Lamarck. 
E)  Thomas Malthus.

Question 2

The most important finding from the fossil record which supports the theory of evolution is:

Accepted Answer

A)  that life has evolved over time. 
B)  that life evolved in the ocean. 
C)  that most species are extinct. 
D)  that ancient species differed from those alive today. 
E)  the inaccuracy of the fossil record. 
A)  that life has evolved over time. 
B)  that life evolved in the ocean. 
C)  that most species are extinct. 
D)  that ancient species differed from those alive today. 
E)  the inaccuracy of the fossil record.

Question 3

Fossilized remains of humans and their immediate ancestors are found:

Accepted Answer

A)  only in rock formed from volcanoes. 
B)  only in relatively young rock. 
C)  in any rock from areas inhabited by humans. 
D)  only in rock from the Precambrian times. 
E)  only in relatively old rock. 
A)  only in rock formed from volcanoes. 
B)  only in relatively young rock. 
C)  in any rock from areas inhabited by humans. 
D)  only in rock from the Precambrian times. 
E)  only in relatively old rock.

Question 4

You have identified a new mammal species.You are surprised to find that it has a pelvis, but there is no evidence the species has legs.However, as a scientist you will most likely conclude:

Accepted Answer

A)  the pelvic bones are present because the animal is a mammal. 
B)  that this is a very young animal. 
C)  that you have found a mutant species. 
D)  the pelvic bones are analogous to the pelvic bones found in other mammals. 
E)  that the pelvis is a vestigial structure. 
A)  the pelvic bones are present because the animal is a mammal. 
B)  that this is a very young animal. 
C)  that you have found a mutant species. 
D)  the pelvic bones are analogous to the pelvic bones found in other mammals. 
E)  that the pelvis is a vestigial structure.

Question 5

Fossil evidence shows that giraffes living 1000 years ago had much shorter necks than the giraffes seen today.Which of the following statements best explains this observation?

Accepted Answer

A)  The two groups of giraffes are not related. 
B)  The two groups of giraffes arose as a result of convergent evolution. 
C)  The giraffes acquired longer necks through the continuing process of natural selection. 
D)  The difference in neck length supports Lamarck's hypothesis. 
E)  The difference in neck length is evidence for homoplastic inheritance. 
A)  The two groups of giraffes are not related. 
B)  The two groups of giraffes arose as a result of convergent evolution. 
C)  The giraffes acquired longer necks through the continuing process of natural selection. 
D)  The difference in neck length supports Lamarck's hypothesis. 
E)  The difference in neck length is evidence for homoplastic inheritance.

Question 6

Paleontologists have pieced together from fossils the evolution of the whale from:

Accepted Answer

A)  aquatic reptiles. 
B)  four-legged, land dwelling mammals. 
C)  sharks. 
D)  porpoises. 
E)  extinct aquatic birds. 
A)  aquatic reptiles. 
B)  four-legged, land dwelling mammals. 
C)  sharks. 
D)  porpoises. 
E)  extinct aquatic birds.

Question 7

When DNA sequences are compared, the closet living relative of humans is found to be the gorilla.
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Compare and contrast the following terms: homology and homoplasy.Provide two examples for each.

Accepted Answer

Homology is indicated when different fea

Question 9

MATCHING
Match the description with the different types of evidence for evolution.
a.artificial selection
d.fossil record
b.adaptation
e.biogeography
c.nucleotide sequence comparisons
-mutations

Accepted Answer

The answer of MATCHING
Match the description with the different types...

Question 10

Which of the following does not contribute to limits on population growth?

Accepted Answer

A)  snakes feeding on mice in a cornfield 
B)  bears having two cubs 
C)  the amount of light for photosynthesis 
D)  a disease-causing organism entering a population 
E)  an increase in the total rainfall in a normally dry environment 
A)  snakes feeding on mice in a cornfield 
B)  bears having two cubs 
C)  the amount of light for photosynthesis 
D)  a disease-causing organism entering a population 
E)  an increase in the total rainfall in a normally dry environment

Question 11

__________ penned an essay stating that populations have the capability to outgrow their food supply resulting in disease, famine, and competition.

Accepted Answer

A)  Erasmus Darwin 
B)  Aristotle 
C)  Thomas Malthus 
D)  Lamarck 
E)  Charles Darwin 
A)  Erasmus Darwin 
B)  Aristotle 
C)  Thomas Malthus 
D)  Lamarck 
E)  Charles Darwin

Question 12

Which of the following is not part of Darwin's mechanism of evolution?

Accepted Answer

A)  overproduction of offspring 
B)  competition among organisms 
C)  acquiring traits because they are needed 
D)  differential reproductive success 
E)  genetic variation among individuals 
A)  overproduction of offspring 
B)  competition among organisms 
C)  acquiring traits because they are needed 
D)  differential reproductive success 
E)  genetic variation among individuals

Question 13

Which of the following would be least likely to form a fossil?

Accepted Answer

A)  an animal with an exoskeleton 
B)  an animal with an endoskeleton 
C)  a marine organism 
D)  an organism in the tropical rain forest 
E)  an organism living in a lake 
A)  an animal with an exoskeleton 
B)  an animal with an endoskeleton 
C)  a marine organism 
D)  an organism in the tropical rain forest 
E)  an organism living in a lake

Question 14

After eleven years, the descendants of transferred guppies in Venezuela and Trinidad were significantly larger than their ancestors, indicating that the larger size of guppies was an adaptation to the new environment.
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Medicine must respond with new drugs and vaccinations to the slow evolution of disease-causing organisms such as bacteria and viruses.
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Bird wings and insect wings are considered to be examples of:

Accepted Answer

A)  divergent evolution. 
B)  homoplastic evolution. 
C)  vestigial structures. 
D)  convergent evolution. 
E)  coevolution. 
A)  divergent evolution. 
B)  homoplastic evolution. 
C)  vestigial structures. 
D)  convergent evolution. 
E)  coevolution.

Question 17

Which statement would not be supported by Darwin's concept of evolution?

Accepted Answer

A)  A population of wolves produces 500 offspring in an environment capable of supporting only 450. 
B)  A population of plants adapted to dry conditions survives a draught and reproduces, while another population best adapted to rainy weather dies and becomes extinct. 
C)  The offspring of three different female bears compete for the same food source. 
D)  All children in the same town are genetically different. 
E)  Five generations of farmers have warts on their hands. 
A)  A population of wolves produces 500 offspring in an environment capable of supporting only 450. 
B)  A population of plants adapted to dry conditions survives a draught and reproduces, while another population best adapted to rainy weather dies and becomes extinct. 
C)  The offspring of three different female bears compete for the same food source. 
D)  All children in the same town are genetically different. 
E)  Five generations of farmers have warts on their hands.

Question 18

DNA sequencing data suggest that evolutionary changes are related to an accumulation of:

Accepted Answer

A)  changes in DNA nucleotide sequences. 
B)  homologous structures. 
C)  index fossils. 
D)  vestigial organs. 
E)  convergent structures. 
A)  changes in DNA nucleotide sequences. 
B)  homologous structures. 
C)  index fossils. 
D)  vestigial organs. 
E)  convergent structures.

Question 19

MATCHING
Match the description with the different types of evidence for evolution.
a.artificial selection
d.fossil record
b.adaptation
e.biogeography
c.nucleotide sequence comparisons
-Explain this statement: "There is bias in the fossil record."

Accepted Answer

Concepts to Consider: Animals

Question 20

Evolution is genetic change in __________ that occurs over time.

Accepted Answer

A)  an individual 
B)  a population 
C)  a community 
D)  an ecosystem 
E)  the biosphere 
A)  an individual 
B)  a population 
C)  a community 
D)  an ecosystem 
E)  the biosphere

Exam 18: Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

Passing on traits or characteristics that were acquired during the lifetime of an organism to its offspring is a concept that is attributed to:

The most important finding from the fossil record which supports the theory of evolution is:

Fossilized remains of humans and their immediate ancestors are found:

You have identified a new mammal species.You are surprised to find that it has a pelvis, but there is no evidence the species has legs.However, as a scientist you will most likely conclude:

Fossil evidence shows that giraffes living 1000 years ago had much shorter necks than the giraffes seen today.Which of the following statements best explains this observation?

Paleontologists have pieced together from fossils the evolution of the whale from:

When DNA sequences are compared, the closet living relative of humans is found to be the gorilla. __________________

Compare and contrast the following terms: homology and homoplasy.Provide two examples for each.

MATCHING Match the description with the different types of evidence for evolution. a.artificial selection d.fossil record b.adaptation e.biogeography c.nucleotide sequence comparisons -mutations

Which of the following does not contribute to limits on population growth?

__________ penned an essay stating that populations have the capability to outgrow their food supply resulting in disease, famine, and competition.

Which of the following is not part of Darwin's mechanism of evolution?

Which of the following would be least likely to form a fossil?

After eleven years, the descendants of transferred guppies in Venezuela and Trinidad were significantly larger than their ancestors, indicating that the larger size of guppies was an adaptation to the new environment. __________________

Medicine must respond with new drugs and vaccinations to the slow evolution of disease-causing organisms such as bacteria and viruses. __________________

Bird wings and insect wings are considered to be examples of:

Which statement would not be supported by Darwin's concept of evolution?

DNA sequencing data suggest that evolutionary changes are related to an accumulation of:

MATCHING Match the description with the different types of evidence for evolution. a.artificial selection d.fossil record b.adaptation e.biogeography c.nucleotide sequence comparisons -Explain this statement: "There is bias in the fossil record."

Evolution is genetic change in __________ that occurs over time.

A View of Life

Atoms and Molecules: the Chemical Basis of Life

The Chemistry of Life: Organic Compounds

Organization of the Cell

Biological Membranes

Cell Communication

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Make Atp: Energy-Releasing Pathways

Photosynthesis: Capturing Light Energy

Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

The Basic Principles of Heredity

Dna: the Carrier of Genetic Information

Gene Expression

Gene Regulation

Dna Technology and Genomics

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

Developmental Genetics

Evolutionary Change in Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

The Evolution of Primates

Understanding Diversity: Systematics

Viruses and Subviral Agents

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

The Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Sponges, Cnidarians, Ctenophores, and Protostomes

The Deuterostomes

Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Leaf Structure and Function

Stem Structure and Transport

Roots and Mineral Nutrition

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals

Animal Structure and Function: an Introduction

Protection, Support, and Movement

Neural Signaling

Neural Regulation

Sensory Systems

Internal Transport

The Immune System: Internal Defense

Gas Exchange

Processing Food and Nutrition

Osmoregulation and Disposal of Metabolic Wastes

Endocrine Regulation

Reproduction

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Introduction to Ecology: Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and the Biosphere

Ecology and the Geography of Life

Biological Diversity and Conservation Biology

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