Question 1

Cesare Beccaria advocated a justice system that

Accepted Answer

A) actually rehabilitated the criminal. 
B) was separate from the Church. 
C) recognized the social problems cause by poverty and the institution of property. 
D) did not concern itself with sin. 
E) All of these 
A) actually rehabilitated the criminal. 
B) was separate from the Church. 
C) recognized the social problems cause by poverty and the institution of property. 
D) did not concern itself with sin. 
E) All of these

Question 2

Enlightenment economic thought included all the following except

Accepted Answer

A) acceptance of self-interest as something good. 
B) praise for entrepreneurship and free markets unencumbered by governments. 
C) money as the critical factor in a capitalist economy. 
D) order lay beneath the seeming disorder of commerce and the laws of economics could be discovered. 
E) the inevitability of progress in capitalism. 
A) acceptance of self-interest as something good. 
B) praise for entrepreneurship and free markets unencumbered by governments. 
C) money as the critical factor in a capitalist economy. 
D) order lay beneath the seeming disorder of commerce and the laws of economics could be discovered. 
E) the inevitability of progress in capitalism.

Question 3

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
-atheism

Accepted Answer

Atheism is the absence of belief in the

Question 4

Instructions: Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).  
-Show 
A) the alliances of the major European states prior to the 1756 diplomatic revolution.
B) the alliances of the major European states after the 1756 diplomatic revolution.

Accepted Answer

Prior to the 1756 diplomatic revolution,

Question 5

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
-general will

Accepted Answer

The term "general will" refers to the co

Question 6

Which of the following statements was true concerning freedom of expression during the seventeenth century?

Accepted Answer

A) Even in the Netherlands, those who opposed the Calvinist clergy could be detained without a time limit for release. 
B) The publishing industry was still strictly controlled toward the end of the eighteenth century. 
C) The liberality professed at Oxford University offered students the chance to express heretical ideas. 
D) Those who professed Enlightenment principles hoped for more social freedom but were unwilling to attack political institutions in print. 
E) Freedom of expression was practiced only in English-speaking countries. 
A) Even in the Netherlands, those who opposed the Calvinist clergy could be detained without a time limit for release. 
B) The publishing industry was still strictly controlled toward the end of the eighteenth century. 
C) The liberality professed at Oxford University offered students the chance to express heretical ideas. 
D) Those who professed Enlightenment principles hoped for more social freedom but were unwilling to attack political institutions in print. 
E) Freedom of expression was practiced only in English-speaking countries.

Question 7

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
-deism

Accepted Answer

Deism is a philosophical belief that pos

Question 8

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
-freethinker

Accepted Answer

A freethinker is someone who forms their

Question 9

Instructions: Please write a thorough, well-organized essay to answer each question.
-In what ways was the Enlightenment a threat to the old regimes in Europe?

Accepted Answer

The Enlightenment was a threat to the ol

Question 10

Enlightenment philosophes

Accepted Answer

A) advocated the abolition of slavery. 
B) had mixed attitudes towards slavery. 
C) believed that slavery was a necessary evil. 
D) thought slavery was not a pressing problem. 
E) coupled slavery with the institution of private property. 
A) advocated the abolition of slavery. 
B) had mixed attitudes towards slavery. 
C) believed that slavery was a necessary evil. 
D) thought slavery was not a pressing problem. 
E) coupled slavery with the institution of private property.

Question 11

All of the following were true of Austria except

Accepted Answer

A) a dynamic, innovative central administration. 
B) a concentration on its eastern non-German territories. 
C) consolidated control of the German parts of the Holy Roman Empire. 
D) acquisition of the southern Netherlands, later called Belgium. 
E) a progressive mother-son imperial partnership. 
A) a dynamic, innovative central administration. 
B) a concentration on its eastern non-German territories. 
C) consolidated control of the German parts of the Holy Roman Empire. 
D) acquisition of the southern Netherlands, later called Belgium. 
E) a progressive mother-son imperial partnership.

Question 12

The term freethinking, as applied to individuals in the eighteenth century, suggested

Accepted Answer

A) their readiness to criticize church dogmas. 
B) willingness to move to political action. 
C) their clubs would not be confined to one topic. 
D) their thoughts would not be stifled by a monarch. 
E) unstructured reflection. 
A) their readiness to criticize church dogmas. 
B) willingness to move to political action. 
C) their clubs would not be confined to one topic. 
D) their thoughts would not be stifled by a monarch. 
E) unstructured reflection.

Question 13

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
-laissez faire

Accepted Answer

Laissez-faire is an economic theory that

Question 14

Thomas Hobbes appealed to Enlightenment thinkers by his

Accepted Answer

A) concept of a state of nature superseded by a social contract. 
B) belief that self-interest is a valid reason for political activity. 
C) refusal to use God as a justification for absolutism. 
D) idea that all political powers rests on a contract among the governed. 
E) All of these 
A) concept of a state of nature superseded by a social contract. 
B) belief that self-interest is a valid reason for political activity. 
C) refusal to use God as a justification for absolutism. 
D) idea that all political powers rests on a contract among the governed. 
E) All of these

Question 15

The scientific societies that flourished throughout Europe

Accepted Answer

A) had their members perform experiments, listen to scientific papers, and collect samples of rarities. 
B) permitted any inquisitive man to dabble in science or try to become a scientist. 
C) inspired groups specifically interested in the application of scientific knowledge. 
D) developed in various forms, often competing among themselves. 
E) All of these 
A) had their members perform experiments, listen to scientific papers, and collect samples of rarities. 
B) permitted any inquisitive man to dabble in science or try to become a scientist. 
C) inspired groups specifically interested in the application of scientific knowledge. 
D) developed in various forms, often competing among themselves. 
E) All of these

Question 16

Instructions: Please write a thorough, well-organized essay to answer each question.
-Discuss why capitalists could find a champion in Adam Smith.Would Adam Smith have wanted to be such a champion? Can some issues that interested Adam Smith have a relationship to contemporary ones?

Accepted Answer

Adam Smith, often referred to as the fat

Question 17

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
-tabula rasa

Accepted Answer

Tabula rasa is a Latin term that transla

Question 18

Which of the following countries did not have enlightened despotism in the eighteenth century?

Accepted Answer

A) England 
B) Austria 
C) Spain 
D) Prussia 
E) Russia 
A) England 
B) Austria 
C) Spain 
D) Prussia 
E) Russia

Question 19

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
-state of nature

Accepted Answer

The state of nature refers to a hypothet

Question 20

Venues for the production and sharing of Enlightenment ideas included

Accepted Answer

A) coffee houses. 
B) Masonic lodges. 
C) scientific academies. 
D) salons. 
E) All of these 
A) coffee houses. 
B) Masonic lodges. 
C) scientific academies. 
D) salons. 
E) All of these

Cesare Beccaria advocated a justice system that

Enlightenment economic thought included all the following except

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important? -atheism

Instructions: Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s). -Show A) the alliances of the major European states prior to the 1756 diplomatic revolution. B) the alliances of the major European states after the 1756 diplomatic revolution.

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important? -general will

Which of the following statements was true concerning freedom of expression during the seventeenth century?

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important? -deism

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important? -freethinker

Instructions: Please write a thorough, well-organized essay to answer each question. -In what ways was the Enlightenment a threat to the old regimes in Europe?

Enlightenment philosophes

All of the following were true of Austria except

The term freethinking, as applied to individuals in the eighteenth century, suggested

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important? -laissez faire

Thomas Hobbes appealed to Enlightenment thinkers by his

The scientific societies that flourished throughout Europe

Instructions: Please write a thorough, well-organized essay to answer each question. -Discuss why capitalists could find a champion in Adam Smith.Would Adam Smith have wanted to be such a champion? Can some issues that interested Adam Smith have a relationship to contemporary ones?

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important? -tabula rasa

Which of the following countries did not have enlightened despotism in the eighteenth century?

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important? -state of nature

Venues for the production and sharing of Enlightenment ideas included

The Ancient Near East: the First Civilizations

The Hebrews: a New View of God and the Individual

The Greek City-State: Democratic Politics

Greek Thought: From Myth to Reason

The Hellenistic Age: Cultural Diffusion

The Roman Republic: City-State to World Empire

The Roman Empire: a World-State

Early Christianity: a World Religion

The Heirs of Rome: Byzantium, Islam, and Latin Christendom

The High Middle Ages: Vitality and Renewal

The Flowering of Medieval Culture: the Christian Synthesis

The Late Middle Ages: Crisis and Dissolution

The Renaissance: Transition to the Modern Age

The Reformation: the Shattering of Christian Unity

European Expansion: Economic and Social Transformations

The Rise of Sovereignty: Transition to the Modern State

The Scientific Revolution: the Universe Seen As a Mechanism

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Exam 18: The Age of Enlightenment: Reason and Reform

Cesare Beccaria advocated a justice system that

Enlightenment economic thought included all the following except

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important? -atheism

Instructions: Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s). -Show A) the alliances of the major European states prior to the 1756 diplomatic revolution. B) the alliances of the major European states after the 1756 diplomatic revolution.

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important? -general will

Which of the following statements was true concerning freedom of expression during the seventeenth century?

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important? -deism

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important? -freethinker

Instructions: Please write a thorough, well-organized essay to answer each question. -In what ways was the Enlightenment a threat to the old regimes in Europe?

Enlightenment philosophes

All of the following were true of Austria except

The term freethinking, as applied to individuals in the eighteenth century, suggested

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important? -laissez faire

Thomas Hobbes appealed to Enlightenment thinkers by his

The scientific societies that flourished throughout Europe

Instructions: Please write a thorough, well-organized essay to answer each question. -Discuss why capitalists could find a champion in Adam Smith.Would Adam Smith have wanted to be such a champion? Can some issues that interested Adam Smith have a relationship to contemporary ones?

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important? -tabula rasa

Which of the following countries did not have enlightened despotism in the eighteenth century?

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important? -state of nature

Venues for the production and sharing of Enlightenment ideas included

The Ancient Near East: the First Civilizations

The Hebrews: a New View of God and the Individual

The Greek City-State: Democratic Politics

Greek Thought: From Myth to Reason

The Hellenistic Age: Cultural Diffusion

The Roman Republic: City-State to World Empire

The Roman Empire: a World-State

Early Christianity: a World Religion

The Heirs of Rome: Byzantium, Islam, and Latin Christendom

The High Middle Ages: Vitality and Renewal

The Flowering of Medieval Culture: the Christian Synthesis

The Late Middle Ages: Crisis and Dissolution

The Renaissance: Transition to the Modern Age

The Reformation: the Shattering of Christian Unity

European Expansion: Economic and Social Transformations

The Rise of Sovereignty: Transition to the Modern State

The Scientific Revolution: the Universe Seen As a Mechanism

Filters