Exam 8: Cognition and Language

Barriers to effective problem solving, such as functional fixedness and mental sets, BEST reflect the unifying theme in psychology that

The two sentences "The boy hit the ball" and "The ball was hit by the boy" are the same in regard to

You have a pair of pliers and a bag of nuts in the shell.You are lamenting the fact that you can't shell the nuts because you do not have a nutcracker.Your inability to perceive the pliers as a makeshift nutcracker demonstrates ____ on your part.

Summarise the effects of bilingualism on language and cognitive development.

The area of psychology that refers broadly to mental processes or thinking is

A mental "rule of thumb" for problem solving is referred to as

The process that involves evaluating alternatives and making choices among them is known as

According to Simon's theory of bounded rationality, people tend to use

Evolutionary psychologists suggest that when people have to make quick decisions they tend to

When people persist in using problem-solving strategies that have worked in the past, they are displaying ____________________.

Working backward is a good strategy to follow when

Evolutionary theorists argue all of the following EXCEPT that

In which case would working backward to solve a problem be an effective strategy?

Which of the following is NOT a common heuristic for problem-solving?

The failure to recognise that you can use a tool as a weight is an example of the problem-solving barrier known as functional fixedness.

When Alaina is working on her bicycle, she brings her entire tool kit out on the driveway and starts pulling wrenches from the tool kit at random, trying them until she finds one that fits.Alaina's approach when she is working on her bicycle could be best described as

The active efforts to discover what must be done to achieve a goal that is not readily attainable is the cognitive structure known as

In order to decide which car to buy, Jim makes a list of desired qualities and rates each of the cars he is considering on a scale of one to ten.After totaling the points each car receives on all the desired qualities, he is going to purchase the car with the most points.Jim is using the ____ strategy of decision-making.

Christine has been following the state lottery for over a year, and she has a record of the number of times every number has been selected.She is ready to invest R1000 in lottery tickets with the same six-number combination on each ticket.She is going to choose the six numbers that have occurred the least frequently in the last year because she is sure they will be picked eventually.In this case, Christine is showing evidence of

Cognition refers to