Question 1

One-millionth of a meter is called a

Accepted Answer

A)  centimeter. 
B)  decimeter. 
C)  micrometer. 
D)  millimeter. 
E)  nanometer. 
A)  centimeter. 
B)  decimeter. 
C)  micrometer. 
D)  millimeter. 
E)  nanometer.

Question 2

Viruses are not included in the taxonomic scheme proposed by Carl Woese because they lack

Accepted Answer

A)  genetic material. 
B)  ribosomal RNA. 
C)  proteins. 
D)  lipid membranes. 
E)  cytoplasm. 
A)  genetic material. 
B)  ribosomal RNA. 
C)  proteins. 
D)  lipid membranes. 
E)  cytoplasm.

Question 3

Low contrast specimens are made easier to see by

Accepted Answer

A)  increasing the amount of light passing through the slide. 
B)  using dyes that react with their structures. 
C)  adding color filters to the microscope. 
D)  using smaller aperture lenses. 
E)  drying them in a vacuum. 
A)  increasing the amount of light passing through the slide. 
B)  using dyes that react with their structures. 
C)  adding color filters to the microscope. 
D)  using smaller aperture lenses. 
E)  drying them in a vacuum.

Question 4

In a compound microscope,the lens that directs light into the eye is the (ocular/condenser/objective)lens.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In a compound microscope,the lens that directs...

Question 5

The ability of a lens to gather light is referred to as its

Accepted Answer

A)  resolution. 
B)  numerical aperture. 
C)  refraction. 
D)  contrast. 
E)  magnification. 
A)  resolution. 
B)  numerical aperture. 
C)  refraction. 
D)  contrast. 
E)  magnification.

Question 6

The Gram stain works because of differences in the ________ of bacteria.

Accepted Answer

A)  genetic characteristics 
B)  cell walls 
C)  cell membranes 
D)  antigens 
E)  capsules 
A)  genetic characteristics 
B)  cell walls 
C)  cell membranes 
D)  antigens 
E)  capsules

Question 7

Figure 4.2 represents a (dichotomous/classification/taxonomic)key of the type used to identify a microbe.

Accepted Answer

The answer of   Figure 4.2 represents a (dichotomous/classification/taxonomic)key...

Question 8

What role does safranin play in the Gram stain procedure?

Accepted Answer

A)  primary stain 
B)  mordant 
C)  decolorizing agent 
D)  counterstain 
E)  negative stain 
A)  primary stain 
B)  mordant 
C)  decolorizing agent 
D)  counterstain 
E)  negative stain

Question 9

Specimens are prepared for ________ microscopy using electron-dense stains.

Accepted Answer

A)  atomic probe 
B)  bright-field 
C)  confocal 
D)  transmission electron 
E)  scanning tunneling 
A)  atomic probe 
B)  bright-field 
C)  confocal 
D)  transmission electron 
E)  scanning tunneling

Question 10

List and explain five types of techniques that can be used to identify unknown microorganisms.

Accepted Answer

There are five major types of identifica

Question 11

A sample from a patient is prepared using the Gomori methenamine silver stain.What type of microbe is suspected of being present?

Accepted Answer

A)  bacteria 
B)  parasitic worm larva 
C)  fungus 
D)  protozoal parasite 
E)  virus 
A)  bacteria 
B)  parasitic worm larva 
C)  fungus 
D)  protozoal parasite 
E)  virus

Question 12

A(n)(acidic/metallic/fluorescent)molecule is one that absorbs invisible radiation and emits visible light.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A(n)(acidic/metallic/fluorescent)molecule is one that absorbs invisible radiation...

Question 13

Three-dimensional images of specimens can be obtained using scanning electron microscopes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Images of living specimens can be produced using atomic force microscopes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The system of taxonomy used today was originated by (Linnaeus/Darwin/Woese).(Be sure to capitalize your answer.)

Accepted Answer

The answer of The system of taxonomy used today was...

Question 16

You are a scientist studying the highly specific interactions of bacteriophages with their host cells when they first encounter the cell.Discuss what microscope(s)and preparation procedures you might use for this study.

Accepted Answer

A scanning electron microscope can produ

Question 17

Bacteria and many other microbes do not ________ and therefore do not fit Linneaus' definition species.

Accepted Answer

A)  reproduce sexually 
B)  have nuclei 
C)  exchange genetic material 
D)  have cytoplasmic membranes 
E)  reproduce asexually 
A)  reproduce sexually 
B)  have nuclei 
C)  exchange genetic material 
D)  have cytoplasmic membranes 
E)  reproduce asexually

Question 18

Which of the following phenomena produces magnification?

Accepted Answer

A)  the wavelength of a radiation source 
B)  the refraction of radiation as it passes through a lens 
C)  the thickness of a microscopic specimen 
D)  the numerical aperture of a lens 
E)  the length of an objective lens 
A)  the wavelength of a radiation source 
B)  the refraction of radiation as it passes through a lens 
C)  the thickness of a microscopic specimen 
D)  the numerical aperture of a lens 
E)  the length of an objective lens

Question 19

Why does immersion oil improve resolution?

Accepted Answer

A)  It allows light to travel at a uniform speed on its way to the lens. 
B)  It decreases the working distance. 
C)  It increases the numerical aperture. 
D)  It increases numerical aperture and maintains a uniform light speed. 
E)  It increases the angle of refraction of the light. 
A)  It allows light to travel at a uniform speed on its way to the lens. 
B)  It decreases the working distance. 
C)  It increases the numerical aperture. 
D)  It increases numerical aperture and maintains a uniform light speed. 
E)  It increases the angle of refraction of the light.

Question 20

Tungsten is a reagent used in the

Accepted Answer

A)  acid-fast stain. 
B)  electron microscopy stain. 
C)  endospore stain. 
D)  flagellar stain. 
E)  negative stain. 
A)  acid-fast stain. 
B)  electron microscopy stain. 
C)  endospore stain. 
D)  flagellar stain. 
E)  negative stain.

Exam 4: Microscopy, Staining, and Classification

One-millionth of a meter is called a

Viruses are not included in the taxonomic scheme proposed by Carl Woese because they lack

Low contrast specimens are made easier to see by

In a compound microscope,the lens that directs light into the eye is the (ocular/condenser/objective)lens.

The ability of a lens to gather light is referred to as its

The Gram stain works because of differences in the ________ of bacteria.

Figure 4.2 represents a (dichotomous/classification/taxonomic)key of the type used to identify a microbe.

What role does safranin play in the Gram stain procedure?

Specimens are prepared for ________ microscopy using electron-dense stains.

List and explain five types of techniques that can be used to identify unknown microorganisms.

A sample from a patient is prepared using the Gomori methenamine silver stain.What type of microbe is suspected of being present?

A(n)(acidic/metallic/fluorescent)molecule is one that absorbs invisible radiation and emits visible light.

Three-dimensional images of specimens can be obtained using scanning electron microscopes.

Images of living specimens can be produced using atomic force microscopes.

The system of taxonomy used today was originated by (Linnaeus/Darwin/Woese).(Be sure to capitalize your answer.)

You are a scientist studying the highly specific interactions of bacteriophages with their host cells when they first encounter the cell.Discuss what microscope(s)and preparation procedures you might use for this study.

Bacteria and many other microbes do not ________ and therefore do not fit Linneaus' definition species.

Which of the following phenomena produces magnification?

Why does immersion oil improve resolution?

Tungsten is a reagent used in the

A Brief History of Microbiology

The Chemistry of Microbiology

Cell Structure and Function

Microbial Metabolism

Microbial Nutrition and Growth

Microbial Genetics

Recombinant DNA Technology

Controlling Microbial Growth in the Environment

Controlling Microbial Growth in the Body: Antimicrobial Drugs

Characterizing and Classifying Prokaryotes

Characterizing and Classifying Eukaryotes

Characterizing and Classifying Viruses, Viroids, and Prions

Infection, Infectious Diseases, and Epidemiology

Innate Immunity

Adaptive Immunity

Immunization and Immune Testing

Immune Disorders

Pathogenic Gram Positive Bacteria

Pathogenic Gram-Negative Cocci and Bacilli

Rickettsias, Chlamydias, Spirochetes, and Vibrios

Pathogenic Fungi

Parasitic Protozoa, Helminths, and Arthropod Vectors

Pathogenic DNA Viruses

Pathogenic RNA Viruses

Applied and Environmental Microbiology

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