Question 1

Which of the following is generally NOT considered an ethical issue regarding recombinant DNA technology?

Accepted Answer

A)  the modification of crop plants 
B)  screening of humans for genes that predispose them to disease 
C)  unforeseen impact on the environment 
D)  the modification of animals to produce pharmaceuticals for humans 
E)  answering basic research questions 
A)  the modification of crop plants 
B)  screening of humans for genes that predispose them to disease 
C)  unforeseen impact on the environment 
D)  the modification of animals to produce pharmaceuticals for humans 
E)  answering basic research questions

Question 2

Transgenic organisms

Accepted Answer

A)  contain cells from other organisms. 
B)  contain genetically engineered microbes. 
C)  are the same as clones. 
D)  contain genes from other organisms. 
E)  have genomes that have been sequenced completely. 
A)  contain cells from other organisms. 
B)  contain genetically engineered microbes. 
C)  are the same as clones. 
D)  contain genes from other organisms. 
E)  have genomes that have been sequenced completely.

Question 3

The microbes resident on human skin are part of the human microbiome.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Which of the following restriction enzyme sites would produce blunt-ended fragments? (The arrow represents the cutting site of the enzyme.)

Accepted Answer

A)  C↓CGG 
B)  G↓GATCC 
C)  G↓AATTC 
D)  CCC↓GGG 
E)  A↓AGCTT 
A)  C↓CGG 
B)  G↓GATCC 
C)  G↓AATTC 
D)  CCC↓GGG 
E)  A↓AGCTT

Question 5

The enzyme reverse transcriptase

Accepted Answer

A)  synthesizes DNA from a DNA template of the same polarity. 
B)  synthesizes DNA from an RNA template. 
C)  synthesizes RNA from an RNA template. 
D)  synthesizes RNA from a DNA template. 
E)  can synthesize DNA or RNA from an RNA template. 
A)  synthesizes DNA from a DNA template of the same polarity. 
B)  synthesizes DNA from an RNA template. 
C)  synthesizes RNA from an RNA template. 
D)  synthesizes RNA from a DNA template. 
E)  can synthesize DNA or RNA from an RNA template.

Question 6

Compare and contrast the two major categories of restriction enzymes.

Accepted Answer

All restriction enzymes recognize specif

Question 7

Which of the following statements regarding vectors is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Vectors are usually autonomously replicating DNA molecules. 
B)  A useful vector contains multiple restriction sites for insertion of DNA. 
C)  Vectors are generally over 100,000 base pairs in size. 
D)  Cloning vectors frequently contain sequences necessary for expression of inserted sequences. 
E)  Cloning vectors include a "marker" to facilitate identification of cells containing them. 
A)  Vectors are usually autonomously replicating DNA molecules. 
B)  A useful vector contains multiple restriction sites for insertion of DNA. 
C)  Vectors are generally over 100,000 base pairs in size. 
D)  Cloning vectors frequently contain sequences necessary for expression of inserted sequences. 
E)  Cloning vectors include a "marker" to facilitate identification of cells containing them.

Question 8

Synthesis of cDNA requires the use of

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA ligase. 
B)  agarose. 
C)  reverse transcriptase. 
D)  restriction enzymes. 
E)  fluorescent synthetic nucleotides. 
A)  DNA ligase. 
B)  agarose. 
C)  reverse transcriptase. 
D)  restriction enzymes. 
E)  fluorescent synthetic nucleotides.

Question 9

Replacing a patient's defective gene with a fragment containing a functional gene is

Accepted Answer

A)  gene therapy. 
B)  genomics. 
C)  gene cloning. 
D)  gene mapping. 
E)  gene selection. 
A)  gene therapy. 
B)  genomics. 
C)  gene cloning. 
D)  gene mapping. 
E)  gene selection.

Question 10

Under ideal conditions,the number of DNA molecules produced during PCR increases exponentially.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Small RNAs that bind to an mRNA and alter its expression are known as (antisense/probes/restriction)RNAs.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Small RNAs that bind to an mRNA...

Question 12

The use of microbes to make practical products such as vaccines or hormones is called (genomics/recombination/biotechnology).

Accepted Answer

The answer of The use of microbes to make practical...

Question 13

If all the following DNA fragments were analyzed on an electrophoresis gel,which one would migrate farthest from the negative electrode?

Accepted Answer

A)  5000 base pairs 
B)  750 base pairs 
C)  1000 base pairs 
D)  250 base pairs 
E)  2500 base pairs 
A)  5000 base pairs 
B)  750 base pairs 
C)  1000 base pairs 
D)  250 base pairs 
E)  2500 base pairs

Question 14

Probes used for detecting genetic sequences are frequently composed of

Accepted Answer

A)  agarose. 
B)  synthetic nucleic acids and labeled conjugates, such as fluorescent dyes. 
C)  restriction enzymes. 
D)  silicon chips. 
E)  nitrocellulose. 
A)  agarose. 
B)  synthetic nucleic acids and labeled conjugates, such as fluorescent dyes. 
C)  restriction enzymes. 
D)  silicon chips. 
E)  nitrocellulose.

Question 15

A DNA (library/microarray/screen)may be used to study the complex,changing patterns of mRNA production in an organism.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A DNA (library/microarray/screen)may be used to study...

Question 16

________ are used for cutting DNA molecules into fragments.

Accepted Answer

A)  Antisense RNAs 
B)  Mutagens 
C)  DNA polymerase and DNA ligase 
D)  Restriction enzymes 
E)  RNA polymerases 
A)  Antisense RNAs 
B)  Mutagens 
C)  DNA polymerase and DNA ligase 
D)  Restriction enzymes 
E)  RNA polymerases

Question 17

Which of the following is the best definition of biotechnology?

Accepted Answer

A)  The use of microorganisms to produce useful products. 
B)  The sequencing of microbial genomes. 
C)  The study of replication and recombination in microbes. 
D)  The study of genetic expression in microbes. 
E)  The deliberate modification of the genome of an organism for practical purposes. 
A)  The use of microorganisms to produce useful products. 
B)  The sequencing of microbial genomes. 
C)  The study of replication and recombination in microbes. 
D)  The study of genetic expression in microbes. 
E)  The deliberate modification of the genome of an organism for practical purposes.

Question 18

The process of locating genes within the nucleic acid of an organism is called (genetic/library/clone)mapping.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The process of locating genes within the...

Question 19

Discuss some of the impacts that tools and techniques of recombinant DNA technology have had on medicine.

Accepted Answer

Human gene libraries and DNA sequencing

Question 20

Discuss one of the pros and cons regarding the application of recombinant DNA technology.

Accepted Answer

A wide range of answers are po

Exam 8: Recombinant DNA Technology

Which of the following is generally NOT considered an ethical issue regarding recombinant DNA technology?

Transgenic organisms

The microbes resident on human skin are part of the human microbiome.

Which of the following restriction enzyme sites would produce blunt-ended fragments? (The arrow represents the cutting site of the enzyme.)

The enzyme reverse transcriptase

Compare and contrast the two major categories of restriction enzymes.

Which of the following statements regarding vectors is FALSE?

Synthesis of cDNA requires the use of

Replacing a patient's defective gene with a fragment containing a functional gene is

Under ideal conditions,the number of DNA molecules produced during PCR increases exponentially.

Small RNAs that bind to an mRNA and alter its expression are known as (antisense/probes/restriction)RNAs.

The use of microbes to make practical products such as vaccines or hormones is called (genomics/recombination/biotechnology).

If all the following DNA fragments were analyzed on an electrophoresis gel,which one would migrate farthest from the negative electrode?

Probes used for detecting genetic sequences are frequently composed of

A DNA (library/microarray/screen)may be used to study the complex,changing patterns of mRNA production in an organism.

________ are used for cutting DNA molecules into fragments.

Which of the following is the best definition of biotechnology?

The process of locating genes within the nucleic acid of an organism is called (genetic/library/clone)mapping.

Discuss some of the impacts that tools and techniques of recombinant DNA technology have had on medicine.

Discuss one of the pros and cons regarding the application of recombinant DNA technology.

A Brief History of Microbiology

The Chemistry of Microbiology

Cell Structure and Function

Microscopy, Staining, and Classification

Microbial Metabolism

Microbial Nutrition and Growth

Microbial Genetics

Controlling Microbial Growth in the Environment

Controlling Microbial Growth in the Body: Antimicrobial Drugs

Characterizing and Classifying Prokaryotes

Characterizing and Classifying Eukaryotes

Characterizing and Classifying Viruses, Viroids, and Prions

Infection, Infectious Diseases, and Epidemiology

Innate Immunity

Adaptive Immunity

Immunization and Immune Testing

Immune Disorders

Pathogenic Gram Positive Bacteria

Pathogenic Gram-Negative Cocci and Bacilli

Rickettsias, Chlamydias, Spirochetes, and Vibrios

Pathogenic Fungi

Parasitic Protozoa, Helminths, and Arthropod Vectors

Pathogenic DNA Viruses

Pathogenic RNA Viruses

Applied and Environmental Microbiology

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