Exam 16: Toward a New Heaven and a New Earth: the Scientific Revolution and the Emergence of Modern Science

For each historical identification question, define the term and briefly describe its historical significance. Andreas Vesalius

For each historical identification question, define the term and briefly describe its historical significance. William Harvey

According to Bacon, science should begin with

Copernicus argued that the sun was in constant motion.

What was rationalism? Why is Descartes considered the founder of "modern rationalism"?

Kepler proved that the planets travel in circular orbits.

To what extent did the Scientific Revolution represent a revolutionary break with the past, and to what extent was it a continuation of old modes of thinking, knowledge, and perspectives?

Like many of the medieval scholastic philosophers, Blaise Pascal argued that the truths of Christianity could be proved by reason alone.

What existed at the center of the heliocentric conception of the universe?

Which one of the following comments best summarizes the impact of the Scientific Revolution on Western Civilization?

Isaac Newton's scientific discoveries

For each historical identification question, define the term and briefly describe its historical significance. "natural philosophers"

For each historical identification question, define the term and briefly describe its historical significance. metallurgy

Why were seventeenth-century European intellectuals so intent on developing methods of study for entire bodies and specific fields of human knowledge? What did it mean then to become a methodical (or systematic)thinker or researcher?

Compare the methods used by Bacon and Descartes. How did each thinker contribute to the development of the scientific method?

What was On the Fabric of the Human Body ?

Whose work represented the culmination of the attack on Ptolemaic-Aristotelian cosmology?

Kepler, Galileo, and Newton were all interested in

Francis Bacon stressed the importance of observation and experiment.

What most closely describes the royal and princely patronage of science during the seventeenth century?