Question 1

Newton believed that God did was not present in the physical universe.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Renaissance humanists' mastery of Greek made new works of which of the following available?

Accepted Answer

A) Archimedes. 
B) Galen. 
C) Ptolemy. 
D) Plato. 
E) All of these are correct. 
A) Archimedes. 
B) Galen. 
C) Ptolemy. 
D) Plato. 
E) All of these are correct.

Question 3

All of the following are considered possible influences and causes of the Scientific Revolution EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) the practical knowledge and technical skills emphasized by sixteenth-century universities. 
B) mathematical and naturalistic skills of Renaissance artists. 
C) the Hermetic belief in magic and alchemy. 
D) the humanists' rediscovery of Greek mathematicians and thinkers. 
E) the inspired work of a few intellectuals. 
A) the practical knowledge and technical skills emphasized by sixteenth-century universities. 
B) mathematical and naturalistic skills of Renaissance artists. 
C) the Hermetic belief in magic and alchemy. 
D) the humanists' rediscovery of Greek mathematicians and thinkers. 
E) the inspired work of a few intellectuals.

Question 4

For each historical identification question, define the term and briefly describe its historical significance. 
alchemy

Accepted Answer

Alchemy is an ancient practice that comb

Question 5

For each historical identification question, define the term and briefly describe its historical significance. 
Francis Bacon

Accepted Answer

Francis Bacon was an English philosopher

Question 6

Despite his place in the history of modern science, Isaac Newton remained extremely interested in aspects of the occult world.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Who was Maria Winkelmann?

Accepted Answer

A) An English aristocrat 
B) A German astronomer 
C) A founder of England's Royal Society 
D) The mother of the more famous Robert Boyle 
E) A Dutch brewer 
A) An English aristocrat 
B) A German astronomer 
C) A founder of England's Royal Society 
D) The mother of the more famous Robert Boyle 
E) A Dutch brewer

Question 8

Unlike Francis Bacon, who argued that humanity's powers were to be used to "conquer nature," Benedict de Spinoza claimed that nature does not exist for human domination because nature and the universe and humanity itself are all part of God.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

The greatest achievements in science during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries came in what three areas?

Accepted Answer

A) astronomy, medicine, and mechanics 
B) astronomy, botany, and chemistry 
C) biology, mechanics, and ballistics 
D) engineering, physics, and dentistry 
E) biology, surgery, and astronomy 
A) astronomy, medicine, and mechanics 
B) astronomy, botany, and chemistry 
C) biology, mechanics, and ballistics 
D) engineering, physics, and dentistry 
E) biology, surgery, and astronomy

Question 10

Descartes asserted that he would accept only those things that the Bible said were true.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Which statement best describes the Scientific Revolution of the seventeenth century?

Accepted Answer

A) It was stimulated by a revived interest in Galen and Aristotle. 
B) It directly resulted from reaction and revolt against the social and historical conditions of the Middle Ages. 
C) It was largely due to a monastic revolution. 
D) Although an innovative phase in western thinking, it was based upon the intellectual and scientific accomplishments of previous centuries. 
E) It marked a complete break with the past. 
A) It was stimulated by a revived interest in Galen and Aristotle. 
B) It directly resulted from reaction and revolt against the social and historical conditions of the Middle Ages. 
C) It was largely due to a monastic revolution. 
D) Although an innovative phase in western thinking, it was based upon the intellectual and scientific accomplishments of previous centuries. 
E) It marked a complete break with the past.

Question 12

What was the name of Descartes' book that outlined his theories about the universe?

Accepted Answer

A) On the Revolution of Heavenly Bodies 
B) On the Fabric of the Human Body 
C) Two Natures 
D) Mind Over Matter 
E) Discourse on Method 
A) On the Revolution of Heavenly Bodies 
B) On the Fabric of the Human Body 
C) Two Natures 
D) Mind Over Matter 
E) Discourse on Method

Question 13

Who was the first European to make systematic observations of the heavens by telescope?

Accepted Answer

A) Galileo 
B) Copernicus 
C) Galen 
D) Kepler 
E) Newton 
A) Galileo 
B) Copernicus 
C) Galen 
D) Kepler 
E) Newton

Question 14

Paracelsus revolutionized the world of medicine in the sixteenth century by

Accepted Answer

A) disproving Galen's ancient theory of two separate blood systems. 
B) dissecting human rather than animal cadavers. 
C) advocating the chemical philosophy of medicine. 
D) rejecting the medieval medical philosophy of the four humors. 
E) discovering the circulation of blood throughout the body. 
A) disproving Galen's ancient theory of two separate blood systems. 
B) dissecting human rather than animal cadavers. 
C) advocating the chemical philosophy of medicine. 
D) rejecting the medieval medical philosophy of the four humors. 
E) discovering the circulation of blood throughout the body.

Question 15

What was true of the English Royal Society?

Accepted Answer

A) It was created by royal order in 1603. 
B) It received little government encouragement. 
C) It was under direct government control. 
D) Its members were paid government officials. 
E) It was less important than its Italian counterparts. 
A) It was created by royal order in 1603. 
B) It received little government encouragement. 
C) It was under direct government control. 
D) Its members were paid government officials. 
E) It was less important than its Italian counterparts.

Question 16

For each historical identification question, define the term and briefly describe its historical significance. 
heliocentric conception

Accepted Answer

The term "heliocentric conception" refer

Question 17

Who sought to discover the "music of the spheres"?

Accepted Answer

A) Galileo 
B) Kepler 
C) Newton 
D) Galen 
E) Harvey 
A) Galileo 
B) Kepler 
C) Newton 
D) Galen 
E) Harvey

Question 18

Robert Boyle conducted important research into the nature of gases.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

During the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, female midwives

Accepted Answer

A) gained great fame and wealth, as childbirth was defined as a female scientific specialty. 
B) increased dramatically in number, due to women's abilities to read midwifery manuals. 
C) were replaced by men who used devices and techniques derived from the study of anatomy. 
D) were newly organized into their own craft guilds, regulated by aristocratic and royal patrons. 
E) began to receive recognition and training as medical professionals in universities. 
A) gained great fame and wealth, as childbirth was defined as a female scientific specialty. 
B) increased dramatically in number, due to women's abilities to read midwifery manuals. 
C) were replaced by men who used devices and techniques derived from the study of anatomy. 
D) were newly organized into their own craft guilds, regulated by aristocratic and royal patrons. 
E) began to receive recognition and training as medical professionals in universities.

Question 20

In what ways did Copernicus, Galileo, Kepler, and Newton challenge prevailing ideas about the structure of the universe? What elements of that cosmology did they leave intact?

Accepted Answer

Copernicus, Galileo, Kepler, and Newton

Exam 16: Toward a New Heaven and a New Earth: the Scientific Revolution and the Emergence of Modern Science

Newton believed that God did was not present in the physical universe.

Renaissance humanists' mastery of Greek made new works of which of the following available?

All of the following are considered possible influences and causes of the Scientific Revolution EXCEPT

For each historical identification question, define the term and briefly describe its historical significance. alchemy

For each historical identification question, define the term and briefly describe its historical significance. Francis Bacon

Despite his place in the history of modern science, Isaac Newton remained extremely interested in aspects of the occult world.

Who was Maria Winkelmann?

Unlike Francis Bacon, who argued that humanity's powers were to be used to "conquer nature," Benedict de Spinoza claimed that nature does not exist for human domination because nature and the universe and humanity itself are all part of God.

The greatest achievements in science during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries came in what three areas?

Descartes asserted that he would accept only those things that the Bible said were true.

Which statement best describes the Scientific Revolution of the seventeenth century?

What was the name of Descartes' book that outlined his theories about the universe?

Who was the first European to make systematic observations of the heavens by telescope?

Paracelsus revolutionized the world of medicine in the sixteenth century by

What was true of the English Royal Society?

For each historical identification question, define the term and briefly describe its historical significance. heliocentric conception

Who sought to discover the "music of the spheres"?

Robert Boyle conducted important research into the nature of gases.

During the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, female midwives

In what ways did Copernicus, Galileo, Kepler, and Newton challenge prevailing ideas about the structure of the universe? What elements of that cosmology did they leave intact?

The Ancient Near East: The First Civilizations

The Ancient Near East: Peoples and Empires

The Civilization of the Greeks

The Hellenistic World

The Roman Republic

The Roman Empire

Late Antiquity and the Emergence of the Medieval World

European Civilization in the Early Middle Ages, 750-1000

The Recovery and Growth of European Society in the High Middle Ages

The Rise of Kingdoms and the Growth of Church Power

The Later Middle Ages: Crisis and Disintegration in the Fourteenth Century

Recovery and Rebirth: the Age of the Renaissance

Reformation and Religious Warfare in the Sixteenth Century

Europe and the World: New Encounters, 1500-1800

State Building and the Search for Order in the Seventeenth Century

The Eighteenth Century: an Age of Enlightenment

The Eighteenth Century: European States, International Wars, and Social Change

A Revolution in Politics: the Era of the French Revolution and Napoleon

The Industrial Revolution and Its Impact on European Society

Reaction, Revolution, and Romanticism, 1815-1850

An Age of Nationalism and Realism, 1850-1871

Mass Society in an Age of Progress, 1871-1894

An Age of Modernity, Anxiety, and Imperialism, 1894-1914

The Beginning of the Twentieth-Century Crisis: War and Revolution

The Futile Search for Stability: Europe Between the Wars, 1919-1939

The Deepening of the European Crisis: World War II

Cold War and a New Western World, 1945-1965

Protest and Stagnation: The Western World, 1965-1985

After the Fall: The Western World in a Global Age Since 1985

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