Question 1

The Inquisition found Galileo guilty of teaching condemned ideas and sentenced him

Accepted Answer

A) to be burned at the stake. 
B) to serve as a galley slave on a Mediterranean shipping vessel. 
C) five years of hard labor in prison. 
D) to write a tract in support of the Ptolemaic conception of the universe. 
E) to house arrest. 
A) to be burned at the stake. 
B) to serve as a galley slave on a Mediterranean shipping vessel. 
C) five years of hard labor in prison. 
D) to write a tract in support of the Ptolemaic conception of the universe. 
E) to house arrest.

Question 2

define the following term:
-geocentric conception

Accepted Answer

The term "geocentric conception" refers

Question 3

Renaissance humanists' mastery of Greek made new works of which of the following available?

Accepted Answer

A) Archimedes. 
B) Galen. 
C) Ptolemy. 
D) Plato. 
E) All of the above. 
A) Archimedes. 
B) Galen. 
C) Ptolemy. 
D) Plato. 
E) All of the above.

Question 4

For Spinoza, the failure to understand God led to

Accepted Answer

A) false worship of nature. 
B) people using nature for their own self-interest. 
C) a lack of moral judgment of others. 
D) sexual perversion. 
E) the establishment of divine right monarchies. 
A) false worship of nature. 
B) people using nature for their own self-interest. 
C) a lack of moral judgment of others. 
D) sexual perversion. 
E) the establishment of divine right monarchies.

Question 5

define the following term:
-Discourse on Method

Accepted Answer

The Discourse on Method is a philosophic

Question 6

What impact did the new scientific conception of the universe and the natural world have on Western society and secular authorities?

Accepted Answer

The new scientific conception of the uni

Question 7

define the following term:
-Scientific Revolution

Accepted Answer

The Scientific Revolution was a period o

Question 8

define the following term:
-On the Fabric of the Human Body

Accepted Answer

"On the Fabric of the Human Body" is a g

Question 9

define the following term:
-three laws of planetary motion

Accepted Answer

The three laws of planetary motion were

Question 10

Benedict de Spinoza

Accepted Answer

A) believed that humans were created separate from nature in order to rule the earth. 
B) claimed that God was not just the creator the universe; God was the universe. 
C) gained fame for his acceptance of Descartes's theory about the separation between mind and matter. 
D) rejected all forms of pantheistic belief. 
E) disagreed with the theory of a heliocentric universe. 
A) believed that humans were created separate from nature in order to rule the earth. 
B) claimed that God was not just the creator the universe; God was the universe. 
C) gained fame for his acceptance of Descartes's theory about the separation between mind and matter. 
D) rejected all forms of pantheistic belief. 
E) disagreed with the theory of a heliocentric universe.

Question 11

Copernicus's major book was titled

Accepted Answer

A) On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres . 
B) Novum Organum . 
C) Principia . 
D) On the Motion of the Heart and Blood . 
E) The Great Instauration . 
A) On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres . 
B) Novum Organum . 
C) Principia . 
D) On the Motion of the Heart and Blood . 
E) The Great Instauration .

Question 12

define the following term:
-"natural philosophers"

Accepted Answer

Natural philosophers were early scientis

Question 13

define the following term:
-rationalism

Accepted Answer

Rationalism is a philosophical doctrine

Question 14

Descartes believed that the world could be understood by

Accepted Answer

A) the same principles inherent in mathematical thinking. 
B) quiet contemplation and following of the Scriptures. 
C) mystical experiences. 
D) interpreting dreams and applying that knowledge to our everyday lives. 
E) incorporating the mind with the body. 
A) the same principles inherent in mathematical thinking. 
B) quiet contemplation and following of the Scriptures. 
C) mystical experiences. 
D) interpreting dreams and applying that knowledge to our everyday lives. 
E) incorporating the mind with the body.

Question 15

define the following term:
-Maria Winkelmann

Accepted Answer

Maria Winkelmann was a German astronomer

Question 16

define the following term:
-world-machine

Accepted Answer

The world-machine concept refers to the

Question 17

Among the following, the individual not associated with advances in medicine and chemistry is

Accepted Answer

A) Vesalius. 
B) Harvey. 
C) Paracelsus. 
D) Galen. 
E) Lavoisier. 
A) Vesalius. 
B) Harvey. 
C) Paracelsus. 
D) Galen. 
E) Lavoisier.

Question 18

define the following term:
-Ethics Demonstrated in the Geometrical Manner

Accepted Answer

Ethics demonstrated in a geometrical man

Question 19

Why is Descartes considered "the founder of modern rationalism," and how and why did rationalism influence the Western view of humankind?

Accepted Answer

Descartes is considered "the founder of

Question 20

The Scientific Revolution of the seventeenth century

Accepted Answer

A) was stimulated by a revived interest in ancient authorities, whose works were unknown in the medieval period. 
B) directly resulted from reaction and revolt against the social and historical conditions of the Middle Ages. 
C) was largely due to a monastic revolution in education. 
D) although an innovative phase in western thinking, was based upon the intellectual and scientific accomplishments of previous centuries. 
E) represented a complete break with the past. 
A) was stimulated by a revived interest in ancient authorities, whose works were unknown in the medieval period. 
B) directly resulted from reaction and revolt against the social and historical conditions of the Middle Ages. 
C) was largely due to a monastic revolution in education. 
D) although an innovative phase in western thinking, was based upon the intellectual and scientific accomplishments of previous centuries. 
E) represented a complete break with the past.

Exam 16: Toward a New Heaven and a New Earth: the Scientific Revolution and the Emergence of Modern Science

The Inquisition found Galileo guilty of teaching condemned ideas and sentenced him

define the following term: -geocentric conception

Renaissance humanists' mastery of Greek made new works of which of the following available?

For Spinoza, the failure to understand God led to

define the following term: -Discourse on Method

What impact did the new scientific conception of the universe and the natural world have on Western society and secular authorities?

define the following term: -Scientific Revolution

define the following term: -On the Fabric of the Human Body

define the following term: -three laws of planetary motion

Benedict de Spinoza

Copernicus's major book was titled

define the following term: -"natural philosophers"

define the following term: -rationalism

Descartes believed that the world could be understood by

define the following term: -Maria Winkelmann

define the following term: -world-machine

Among the following, the individual not associated with advances in medicine and chemistry is

define the following term: -Ethics Demonstrated in the Geometrical Manner

Why is Descartes considered "the founder of modern rationalism," and how and why did rationalism influence the Western view of humankind?

The Scientific Revolution of the seventeenth century

The Ancient Near East: the First Civilizations

The Ancient Near East: Peoples and Empires

The Civilization of the Greeks

The Hellenistic World

The Roman Republic

The Roman Empire

Late Antiquity and the Emergence of the Medieval World

European Civilization in the Early Middle Ages, 750-1000

The Recovery and Growth of European Society in the High Middle Ages

The Rise of Kingdoms and the Growth of Church Power

The Later Middle Ages: Crisis and Disintegration in the Fourteenth Century

Recovery and Rebirth: the Age of the Renaissance

Reformation and Religious Warfare in the Sixteenth Century

Europe and the World: New Encounters, 1500-1800

State Building and the Search for Order in the Seventeenth Century

The Eighteenth Century: an Age of Enlightenment

The Eighteenth Century: European States, International Wars, and Social Change

A Revolution in Politics: the Era of the French Revolution and Napoleon

The Industrial Revolution and Its Impact on European Society

Reaction, Revolution, and Romanticism, 1815-1850

An Age of Nationalism and Realism, 1850-1871

Mass Society in an Age of Progress, 1871-1894

An Age of Modernity, Anxiety, and Imperialism, 1894-1914

The Beginning of the Twentieth-Century Crisis: War and Revolution

The Futile Search for Stability: Europe Between the Wars, 1919-1939

The Deepening of the European Crisis: World War Ii

Cold War and a New Western World, 1945-1965

Protest and Stagnation: the Western World, 1965-1985

After the Fall: the Western World in a Global Age Since 1985

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