Exam 8: The Adaptive Mind: Learning

Jim and his father are watching the ball game on television. Jim's father starts to yawn and Jim soon follows. This is an example of ____.

Research suggests that children overimitate adults ____.

Greg, who mainly smoked cigarettes when out with friends, recently quit smoking. However, each time he visits a bar or restaurant with his friends, he has the strong urge to light up a cigarette. This is an example of ____.

In order to demonstrate the extent to which classical conditioning can be a factor in the development of a serious phobia, John Watson and Rosalie Raynor conducted a study where ______.

Who is likely to discontinue his or her behavior first if reinforcement completely stops?

In Garcia and Koelling's taste aversion study, why were the rats unable to associate a bright-noisy stimulus with feeling ill?

Ira has a problem where he tends to speak without thinking, and this has caused him to lose friend and to damage relationships at work. To reduce the frequency of this behavior, Ira wears a rubber band that fit loosely around his wrist .Whenever he begins to speak without thinking, he "snaps" himself with the rubber band just hard enough to sting a little bit. This is an example of ______ therapy.

Which of the following would decrease the likelihood of acquisition?

At dinner Candace eats several familiar foods (pasta, salad, bread)and an unfamiliar food (mussels). Later that evening she suffers abdominal discomfort. She attributes this to the mussels, but later learns that she had developed a sensitivity to gluten. Her misattribution of the problem to the mussels is likely due to ____.

A reinforcer that gains value from being associated with other things that are valued is called a(n)____ reinforcer.

In which of the following scenarios is Roxie, the dog, most likely to rapidly learn to associate a conditioned stimulus with food?

A modified cage containing levers or buttons that can be pressed or pecked by animals and is used to investigate operant conditioning is referred to as a ____.

The reappearance of conditioned responses after periods of rest between sessions of extinction training is called ____.

Three conditions must be met for punishment to have any observable effects on behavior: ____.

When is the matching law most applicable?

What is a key distinction between classical conditioning and operant conditioning?

What is a token economy?

Which of the following is likely to be the most effective form of punishment?

Thorndike's law of effect states that behavior is ____.

Learning is traditionally divided into three categories: associative, nonassociative, and ____.