Exam 7: Deviance, Conformity, and Social Control: With Emphasis on Mass Surveillance

When there are not enough legitimate opportunities open to satisfy all who seek to achieve valued goals, ___________ exists.

Informal sanctions are

When people believe someone is watching, they may censor or police themselves or find ways to avoid the "gaze". Their dynamic applies to

"Criminal behavior is learned." This statement is most closely associated with which theory of deviance?

According to Robert K. Merton, structural strain exists in the United States because

Elaborate on the meaning of the following statement: "Almost any behavior or appearance can qualify as deviant under the right circumstances." Give examples to support your writing.

A Chinese man recalls "As a boy, I did not know what a god looked like, but I knew that Mao was the god of our lives. When I was six, I accidentally broke a large porcelain Mao badge. Fear gripped me. In my life until that moment, the breaking of the badge seemed the worst thing I had ever done. Desperate to hide my crime, I took the pieces and threw them down a public toilet. For months I felt guilty." This guilt is a sign that this boy had

What sociological concept addresses the question, "what does it mean to know someone is or could be watching you at any time?"

Margie comes to the conclusion that individual privacy is unachievable, but grudgingly gives consent to being "watched" in return for services. From a structural strain point of view Margie is engaged in

Staff Sergeant Ivan Frederick testified that when at the Abu Ghraib Prison "I questioned some of the things that I saw….such as leaving inmates in their cells with no clothes or in female underpants-and the answer I got was 'This is how military intelligence wants it done.'" The dynamics Frederick described best correspond with

The Panopticon is a metaphor for what Foucault calls

Adolescents at a middle school tease a girl because she has yet to shave her legs. The teasing represents an example of a ______ sanction.

Reseachers Michael L. Radelet and Adam Bedau reviewed more than 800 cases of innocent people being convicted of capital crimes, and they found that 56 had

_________________ includes the methods used to teach, persuade, or force people to comply with norms and expectations.

The question "What does it mean to live in a society organized around surveillance but where personal privacy is protected by the constitution?" captures the dynamics of

People who violate ______ are usually punished severely; they are ostracized, institutionalized, and sometimes even executed.

For labeling theorists, the critical focus in the study of deviance is the

A student writes, "I used to sell drugs. I was very careful. I watched who I sold to and didn't take any new customers. I was never caught." This student can be classified as

__________ are people that have broken the rules and are caught, punished, and labeled as outsiders.

Think about a typical day. List what parts of your day-today life (activities)are monitored. Is there anything you do that may raise questions about your activities or motivations if revealed?