Exam 7: Experimental and Quasi Experimental Designs

Explain the role of randomization in classical experiments.

With respect to internal validity issues, testing refers to changes in how subjects respond to measurement while ____________________ refers to changes in the measurement process itself.

An interrupted time-series design can be very useful in what type of research?

The mere fact that subjects know they are being studied can cause them to change their behavior. This phenomenon is known as the ____________________.

Give two specific examples of research where a quasi-experimental design would be more appropriate than a classical experiment. Why would each of your examples not fit the classical experiment model?

Dr. Smith was interested in whether there would be a reduction in the number of crimes in the central city once closed-circuit cameras went up and were monitored by police. To accomplish this study, Dr. Smith looked at the police records for the four-square-block area where the cameras were installed each week for six months. Dr. Smith was using what method?

How does a cohort design differ from other quasi-experimental designs?

External validity in an experimental design refers to:

How can a researcher be sure that threats to internal validity are being ruled out in the design?

Instead of making one pretest and one posttest measure, the ____________________ makes a longer series of observations before and after introducing an experimental treatment.

When referring to whether results from experiments conducted in one setting would be obtained in other settings, our main concern is one of ____________________ validity.

Which of the following is not considered a threat to internal validity in an experimental design?

When random assignment is not possible, the choice is often

Which of the following is accurate?

Two dimensions to generalizability are:

In the classical experiment subjects are measured on the independent variable before the experiment begins and again after the dependent variable has been manipulated by the researcher.

While the interrupted time-series design can be used in cause-and-effect studies, it is really useless in applied studies.

In a classical experiment the researcher uses a ____________________ to offset the effects of the experiment itself.

If randomization is not possible, what should the researcher do?

Which of the following is true concerning independent and dependent variables in classical experiments?