Exam 7: Experimental and Quasi Experimental Designs

The main reason why ____________________ is used to select subjects for control and experimental groups in a classical experiment is that the groups will be statistically equivalent.

Which of the following is least accurate?

Researchers conduct experiments copiously in an attempt to develop a more generalized understanding about:

In general, testing refers to changes in how subjects respond to measurement, whereas instrumentation is concerned with:

A(n) ____________________ experiment guards against experimenters' tendency to prejudge results by eliminating the possibility of either the researcher or the subjects knowing which group is the control and which group is the experimental.

In Widom's study of the effects of child abuse and its impact upon later criminal offenses, she selected a sample of children with court records of being abuse victims and gathered a comparison group that was matched on gender, race, age, and socioeconomic status. The technique used in this case was:

A group of students who completed a research methods class at the local college were given a questionnaire to assess their feelings about the homeless and after were randomly assigned to either the experimental group or the control group. The experimental group was required to volunteer at the local homeless shelter while the control group was not. After one month of volunteering, members of both groups were asked to complete the questionnaire on feelings concerning the homeless again. What type of research design is this?

Experimentation is an approach to research best suited for exploration.

Which of the following phrases is most true concerning random assignment to groups?

There may be legal reasons why randomization cannot be used in criminal justice research to assign subjects to either a control group or an experimental group.

Identify and discuss at least five threats to internal validity in experimental designs. Include in your answer ways of controlling for each of the threats you identify.

When using a nonequivalent-groups design the researcher will handle subject assignment to groups by:

Explain why experimentation is not well suited for the purposes of description and exploration.

The main reason that experiments in criminal justice are so easy to complete is that the researcher need only secure one experimental and one control group for any project.

In case-oriented research a large number of cases are examined in order to understand a small number of variables.

To assess the impact of child abuse upon later criminality, Dr. Rose chose to select some adults whose names appeared as child abuse victims in local police records and another group of adults who were not victims of abuse. What technique is being employed?

What technique can be used to help reduce the threat to experimental mortality?

Shortening the time between pretest and posttest or perhaps even offering cash payments to participants in an experiment are techniques that may be used to:

In real-life experiments, subjects deprived of the experimental stimulus may try to compensate by working harder; this is called

An example of variable-oriented research is the ____________________ design.