Exam 2: Defining and Measuring Energy

The most variable aspect of daily energy expenditure is the amount of energy expended through _______________.

What contributes the smallest amount of energy expended over a 24-hour period?

It has long been known that a starvation state can reduce resting metabolic rate by ____ percent or more.

The caloric content of an individual food, a combination of foods in a meal, or the total amount of food consumed in a day can only be estimated.

When "energy in" is greater than "energy out" a person's body weight will _______________.

Distinguish between direct and indirect calorimetry. Compare and contrast several different measures of indirect calorimetry, considering accuracy and ease of use.

The greatest source of error when using a food diary is the accurate recording of both the types and amounts of foods and beverages consumed.

Using the Cunningham Equation estimate the resting metabolic rate of a 25-year-old female endurance athlete who is 5'8" and weighs 145 lb. At 20 percent body fat she has approximately 52.7 kg of fat-free mass.

As stored energy is released to perform some type of work, it is referred to as ____.

In the energy balance equation, the only component of "energy in" is ____.

The storage of carbohydrates by forming glycogen for later use is an example of ____ work.

The TEF is typically calculated by multiplying daily caloric intake by 10 percent.

The energy content of ____ is estimated to be the same kcal\g.

When thyroid hormones are elevated above normal concentrations, RMR is abnormally low.

It is estimated that sedentary people use about ____ kilocalories of energy per kilogram body weight daily.

The International System of Units (SI units)for energy is the ____.

On average, 1 liter of oxygen consumed is equivalent to ____ kcal of energy expended.

The maintenance of the distribution of ions across cell membranes is an example of ____ work.