Exam 2: Defining and Measuring Energy

Bioenergetics is the process of converting food into biologically useful forms of energy

The response of ATP concentration in the muscle to exercise reveals a relatively large proportion of the ATP stored in the muscle is not able to be used for force production, even during very high-intensity exercise.

ATP is composed of adenosine with two phosphate groups attached.

Energy is the ____.

The law of conservation of energy states, "Within a closed system, energy is neither created nor destroyed."

Rephosphorylation is an example of a(n)_______________ reaction.

Many charts that list the energy expended through activity or exercise include RMR.

One MET is equal to ____.

To obtain the most accurate measure of resting metabolic rate in healthy adults, before beginning an indirect calorimetry procedure, the subject should abstain from moderate aerobic or anaerobic exercise for at least 2 hours

In studies of normal-weight men who were starved and then refed, the effects of starvation on RMR persisted even after the starvation was no longer present.

It is estimated that about ____ of adults who record food intake underreport it.

Indirect calorimetry works based on the principle that ____.

It is estimated that sedentary people use about 30 kilocalories of energy per kilogram body weight daily.

An endergonic reaction is the ____.

The two most common factors that influence enzymatic activity are ____.

Reactions and processes that release energy are referred to as endergonic reactions.

Of the three constituents of total energy expenditure the one that can be influenced most readily and to the largest extent by the individual is ____.

The First Law of Thermodynamics states that energy is ____.