Exam 4: Equal Protection Under the Law: Balancing Individual, State, and Federal Rights

Assume a judge, legislator, or police officer is not prejudiced against minority groups, but they disproportionately punish minority groups through their rulings, laws, or enforcement policies. Should this unintended impact allow us to label the behavior discriminatory? Why or why not?

The government is prohibited from unfairly or arbitrarily denying a citizen fundamental or constitutionally protected rights under______________________________ of the law.

Inmates can sue for violation of their constitutional rights under:

In 2015, the Supreme Court, in the case of Obergefell v. Hodges, struck down state bans on same-sex marriages.

In 1880, what clause did the Supreme Court cite in Strauder v. West Virginia (1880) when it struck down a statute explicitly prohibiting African Americans from serving on juries?

The Thirteenth Amendment:

The Supreme Court case of Massachusetts Board of Retirement v. Murgia (1976) dealt with the issue of:

After the Plessy v. Ferguson decision, the concept of "separate but equal" became entrenched in the Southern states through the enactment of:

Explain the events leading up to the passage of the Thirteenth Amendment, and how effective this Amendment was.

The case of Dred Scott v. Sandford held that:

Delegation of federal immigration enforcement to state and local law enforcement agencies, so they may assist in enforcing federal immigration laws, is allowed by:

A suspicious activity report (SAR) is the official documentation of observed behavior that may be indicative of intelligence gathering.

The Constitution was originally drafted to limit the power of:

The section of the Civil Rights Act that prohibits intentional acts of employment discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, and national origin is:

In which case did the plaintiffs claim that they were being denied their right to equal protection of the law and that the laws of "separate but equal" were, in fact, not equal?

The_______________ Amendment guarantees that states shall not deny any person due process or equal protection of the law.

The Thirteenth Amendment granted citizenship to the freed slaves.

In the Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka decision, the Supreme Court ruled that "separate but equal"_______________ were illegal.

Procedural due process refers to the way that laws are applied.

The Court's 1964 ruling in Cooper v. Pate held that: