Exam 5: The First Amendment: Basic Freedoms

Several rights (such as the freedom to assemble) are absolute, which means the government cannot simply regulate new laws whenever they believe social interests outweigh the current laws.

A federal court ruled that Black Muslims must be recognized as a religion, and that members must be permitted to worship in accordance with their faith, in which high-profile case?

Balancing society's need for law and order and for effective law enforcement against the_______________of individuals is known as the balancing test.

The Supreme Court ruled that cities may not prohibit yard signs in the case of:

The Equal Access law of 1984 banned students from holding religious meetings in public high schools outside class hours.

Combined with the Fourth Amendment's guarantee to be free from "_______________," people have an expectation that they can gather to interact, speak among themselves, and make their thoughts and ideas known.

The first specific test of how far government can limit or punish speech occurred with the passage of the Espionage Act (1917) by Congress during World War I.

Freedom of religion is commonly discussed in terms of two clauses: the Establishment Clause and the Free Exercise Clause.

The Supreme Court has ruled that Americans do not have a free speech right to pass out anonymous political pamphlets, and all political material must depict the name or agency putting forth the information.

Judicial activism is:

"Whether the gravity of the evil, discounted by its improbability, justifies such invasion of free speech as is necessary to avoid the danger" is called the:

The case of Holt v. Hobbs (2015) involved the growth of a beard by an Arkansas prison inmate. What standard did the Court use to reach their decision?

Symbolic acts are included within the protection of the First Amendment; however, the government may regulate or punish symbolic speech.

Verbal or written methods of communication (such as delivering a speech or authoring a book) are protected forms of speech known as ________________.

One of the first attempts to regulate the press came in 1971, when the U.S. government attempted to halt publication of _______________ on the grounds that it could endanger national security.

The Smith Act (1940):

Historically, freedom of the press has been attached to the general concept of______________________________.

The First Amendment right to free speech was the first guarantee to be made applicable to the states through incorporation in Gitlow v. New York (1925).

In Schenck v. United States (1919), the Court upheld the conviction of a socialist indicted under the ____________ on the grounds that freedom of speech is not absolute.

What was the primary focus of the Supreme Court case of Duryea v. Guarnieri (2011)?